A Multi-level Approach for Complex Fault Isolation Based on Structured Residuals

In industrial processes,there exist faults that have complex effect on process variables.Complex and simple faults are defined according to their effect dimensions.The conventional approaches based on structured residuals cannot isolate complex faults.This paper presents a multi-level strategy for complex fault isolation.An extraction procedure is employed to reduce the complex faults to simple ones and assign them to several levels.On each level,faults are isolated by their different responses in the structured residuals.Each residual is obtained insensitive to one fault but more sensitive to others.The faults on different levels are verified to have different residual responses and will not be confused.An entire incidence matrix containing residual response characteristics of all faults is obtained,based on which faults can be isolated.The proposed method is applied in the Tennessee Eastman process example,and the effectiveness and advantage are demonstrated.

Improved Fibroblast Adhesion and Proliferation by Controlling Multi-level Structure of Polycaprolactone Microfiber

Improving wound healing efficiency is a key issue for high performance dressings.The surface topology of fibers in wound dressings plays an important role in regulating cell behaviors during the regeneration.Herein,a polycaprolactone(PCL)scaffold with a shish-kebab structure was prepared by electrospinning and solution-induced crystallization.L929 cells were used to investigate the behavior of fibroblasts on the multi-level microfiber.The results showed that the shish-kebab fiber-based scaffold enhanced the cell proliferation when compared with the normal fiber and the fiber with a porous structure.Protein absorption,cell adhesive force,and cell modulus also increased by the shish-kebab fiber.The shish-kebab fiber-based scaffold with improved fibroblast-regulation ability can be applied in rapid wound healing.

Multi-level Flocculation Structures of Fresh Cement Paste by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope

Under saturation dosage of all kinds of SP, the free water amount was examined by centrifuge. The distribution of solution and flocculation microstructures in fresh cement paste was observed in three- dimensional space by confocal laser scanning microscope（CLSM）. Results indicate that SP can increase the free water amount by destroying the flocculated cement particle structure and different free water amount is released by different kinds of SP. The changes of the size of flocculation structures and the dispersion of solution were obviously detected with confocal laser scanning microscope： the size of flocculation structures was smaller and more dispersed in fresh cement paste with polycarboxylate superplasticizer, but the size of flocculation structures was bigger and cannot be dispersed uniformly in fresh cement paste with others SP. The multi- level flocculation structures theoretical model of fresh cement paste was then set up. The theory indicates that different kinds of SP with different dispersion strength will open the flocculation structures at different levels, which in turn present different water reducing rate.

RECURSIVENESS OF ZERO STRUCTURES FOR SYSTEM MATRICES OF INTERCONNECTED LINEAR SYSTEMS VIA MODULE THEORETIC TOOLS

The importance of the zeros of multwariable linear systems is well-knoiun in terms of measure obstructions to the controllability and the. observability. In this paper, a recursive decarnposi Am oj interconnected systems is outlined by taking into account the sequential structure of the connnections. The paper extends the, coordinate, module-theoretic studies from the elementary algebraic systems theory to include the case oj such linear interconnected systems which need not to be controllable or observable. Also, the properties of controllability and observability, the decoupling zeros and the signal Making issues are characterized.

ROBUST STABILIZATING FOR A OLASS OF UNOERTAIN NONLINEAR INTEROONNECTED SYSTEMS USING VARIABLE STRUCTURE CONTROL

The robust stabilizating control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear large-scale systems is discussed. Based on the theory of both input/output (I/O) linearization and decentralized variable structure control (VSC),two-level and decentralized variable structure control laws for this kind of systems are presented respectively,which achieve asymptotically stabilization despite the uncertainties and disturbances. At last,sirnulation of the disturbed two-pendulum system is given to illustrate the feasibility of proposed technique.

Decentralized Variable Structure Control of Complex Giant Singular Uncertainty Systems

This paper, at the first time, considers the problem of decentralized variable structure control of complex giant singular uncertainty systems by using the property of diagonally dominant matrix and Frobenius-Person theorem. The splendid selection of switching manifold for each subsystem makes the design relatively straightforward and can be easily realized. An illustrate example is given.

ON DECENTRALIZED STABILIZATION OF LINEAR LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS WITH SYMMETRIC CIRCULANT STRUCTURE

The decentralized stabilization of continuous and discrete linear large scale systems with symmetric circulant structure was studied.A few sufficient conditions on decentralized stabilization of such systems were proposed.For the continuous systems,by introducing a concept called the magnitude of interconnected structure,a very important property that the decentralized stabilization of such systems is fully determined by the structure of each isolated subsystem that is obtained when the magnitude of interconnected structure of the overall system is given.So the decentralized stabilization of such systems can be got by only appropriately designing or modifying the structure of each isolated subsystem,no matter how complicated the interconnected structure of the overall system is.A algorithm for obtaining decentralized state feedback to stabilize the overall system is given.The discrete systems were also discussed.The results show that there is a great dfference on decentralized stabilization between continuous case and discrete case.

Structural analysis of multi-level detachments and identification of deep-seated anticline

Based on forward modeling of detachment fold, this study presents a method to analyze multi-level detachment structures and identify the authenticity of deep-seated anticlines using time-domain seismic section. The steps include the conversion of the time-migrated seismic image into depth domain image using a constant velocity field, structural interpretation of the depth seismic image, measurement of each structural relief area and each height above reference level, plotting of area-height relationship chart with piecewise fitting etc. The area-depth correlation can help the division of structural sequences, the definition of detachment levels, the calculation of the tectonic shortening, and the identification of deep-seated structure. The segment area-height relationship is a feature of multi-level detachment structures, while little or no linear correlation between area and height is an indicator of non-deformation or pseudo-anticline. Regardless of the uncertainty of area-height relationship, the segment slopes will correspond to the differential shortenings of multi-level detachments, the intersection between adjacent segments will give the height of detachment surface above reference level and then help define the detachment level in original time-domain seismic section. This method can make use of time-domain seismic data to determine the geologic structure of complicated structure areas and assess risks of deep exploration targets. It has achieved good results in southern Junggar and eastern Sichuan areas.

Simulation of Structural Characteristics and Depth Filtration Elements in Interconnected Nanofibrous Membrane Based on Adaptive Image Analysis

Due to their unique structural features, electrospun membranes have gained considerable attention for use in applications where quality of depth filtration is a dominant performance factor. To elucidate the depth filtration phenomena it is important to quantify the intrinsic structural properties independent from the dynamics of transport media. Several methods have been proposed for structural characterization of such membranes. However, these methods do not meet the requirement for the quantification of intrinsic structural properties in depth filtration. This may be due to the complex influence of transport media dynamics and structural elements in the depth filtration process. In addition, the different morphological architectures of electrospun membranes present obstacles to precise quantification. This paper seeks to quantify the structural characteristics of electrospun membranes by introducing a robust image analysis technique and exploiting it to evaluate the permeation-filtration mechanism. To this end, a nanostructured fibrous network was simulated as an ideal membrane using adaptive local criteria in the image analysis. The reliability of the proposed approach was validated with measurements and comparison of structural characteristics in different morphological conditions. The results were found to be well compatible with empirical observations of perfect membrane structures. This approach, based on optimization of electrospinning parameters, may pave the way for producing optimal membrane structures for boosting the performance of electrospun membranes in end-use applications.

某型直升机超短波电台结构设计

本文开展了适用于某型直升机平台的机载超短波电台结构设计,从结构总体设计、电气互联设计、散热设计、抗冲振性能设计、三防设计等角度,全方位的阐述了设备的结构设计过程,可为同类设备的结构设计提供借鉴。

多维光互连柔性光背板压力分布优化实验研究

【目的】文章旨在改进多层光纤布线结构,提高其抗压性能,进行压力分布优化实验研究,并提出一种多维光交叉互连柔性光背板压力分布优化结构和设计方法。【方法】文章通过改进多层光纤布线结构,利用实验分析不同光纤交叉方式,研究在相同压力下光纤排布、光纤交叉点的密度和光纤交叠层数等因素对光纤损耗的影响,由此提出一种优化光背板压力分布的双层背板理想光纤布线结构。【结果】由实验结果提出的理想双层布线结构采用双层背板和每个背板中的多层光纤优化布线,将两层柔性光背板进行上下叠加,光纤的布线方案采用光纤端口均匀分布在背板的4个边缘,且同一层级光纤紧密排布,交叠两层光纤于交叉点处。通过多层光纤交叉及错位叠加的布局,可实现多层光纤交叉互连布线优化分布,以提高光背板的抗压性能,从而提高其光传输交换的整体性能。【结论】文章所提方案光背板具有更小的体积、更好的抗压性能和更好的光信号传输损耗性能,能够实现更大面积、高密度和大容量柔性n×n光背板,具有良好的可拓展性,并使光纤布线工作更加简单和方便。

一种20GHz四通道差分传输CQFN外壳

基于高温共烧陶瓷(HTCC)技术,设计了一款适用于四通道差分信号并行传输的高密度陶瓷四边无引线扁平(CQFN)外壳。差分传输的垂直结构采用侧面城堡结构和金属化过孔相结合的设计,该结构可以在保证差分信号传输质量的同时,兼顾外壳的板级安装可靠性,同时在该结构基础上对金属化过孔直径以及多通道并行结构进行仿真和优化。测试结果表明,在DC~20 GHz频段,该CQFN外壳的单通道差分传输结构的回波损耗≤-10.00 dB,插入损耗优于-1.50 dB,验证了该外壳可以有效地保证信号的完整性。利用实测数据进行信号传输验证,结果表明四通道差分传输结构可支持20 GHz信号传输。

考虑故障恢复的产业互联“智造”供需网级联失效模型

大规模、数字化的产业互联“智造”供需网相比于传统供应链具有更强的响应调节能力和风险预防与恢复能力,但可能面临的风险种类更多且风险传播路径更广,导致其鲁棒性更易受到威胁,准确描述网络中故障风险的动态传播过程是提高其鲁棒性的基础.首先,构建具有多个产业社团的产业互联“智造”供需网模型;其次,结合业务节点间相对关联度,构建具有相对故障概率的风险传播模型,再根据节点重要程度,建立同时考虑恢复概率和恢复周期的故障恢复模型;最后,基于改进引力模型构建网络,以网络相对连通率R作为指标,对不同故障和恢复场景下的级联失效进行仿真分析.仿真结果表明:在4组不同故障和恢复场景下均存在临界值导致R值长期处于不稳定状态;参数η和μ对R值的影响均具有一定的边际效应;当网络故障传播能力一定时,恢复能力越弱则R值振荡越明显,网络受影响规模越大,而当恢复能力一定时,故障强度越强R值振荡越明显,网络受影响规模越大.

一种基于倒装芯片的超宽带BGA封装差分传输结构

随着高速数字电路和射频微波电路对时钟频率和带宽的要求越来越高,差分传输结构因其优良的噪声抑制和抗干扰性能而受到越来越多的重视。提出了一种基于倒装芯片的超宽带球栅阵列(BGA)封装差分传输结构。整体传输结构包括采用陶瓷材料制作的倒装芯片用基板、BGA封装焊球和印制电路板(PCB)。主要分析了差分垂直传输结构的尺寸参数对阻抗和截止频率的影响,并利用阶梯过孔减小阻抗不连续性。整体结构的传输性能通过矢量网络分析仪测试的散射参数来表征。测试与仿真结果具有较好的一致性,在DC~60 GHz频段,差分传输结构的回波损耗≤-15 dB,插入损耗优于-1 dB,为超宽带倒装芯片的封装设计提供参考。

基于粒子群算法的互联电网AGC随机最优控制系统

电信号输出量变化会影响有功功率与电量总功率之间的平衡关系,从而使电网频率发生偏移。针对此问题,设计基于粒子群算法的互联电网AGC随机最优控制系统。以AGC架构为基础对预测控制器实施滚动优化与反馈校正处理,完成控制系统的功能结构分析。在此基础上建立粒子群算法模型,根据自然频率特性系数求解结果,确定区域频率偏差指标的取值范围,完善互联电网控制策略,实现互联电网AGC随机最优控制。对比实验结果显示,随着电信号输出量的增大,所设计系统的有功功率与电量总功率之间的配比始终不会小于75%,不会造成电网频率偏移情况。

高导热PVDF/Ag纤维膜的构建及其导热性能

为了提高纤维材料的导热性能,选择不同尺寸的Ag片作为导热填料,通过静电纺丝技术一步构建了具有三维互通导热网络的PVDF/Ag纤维膜,对其形貌和化学结构进行表征,研究Ag片尺寸、Ag片含量、压缩程度对其导热性能的影响,并对其实际应用能力进行评估。结果表明:加入混合尺寸Ag片,能够形成单根纤维内部连通和纤维之间外部连通的三维互通网络结构。具有该结构的PVDF/Ag纤维膜表现出优异的导热性能,导热系数达0.1038 W/(m·K),比纯PVDF纤维膜提高了61%;将其压缩处理后,导热系数进一步提升至8.693 W/(m·K),是压缩前的83.6倍。此外,三维互通网络的PVDF/Ag纤维膜还展示出优异的力学应用能力和疏水性能。研究结果对进一步开发多功能集合的纺织品及柔性材料具有重要的参考价值。

易地扶贫搬迁民族互嵌社区的空间生产与社会结构优化路径研究

易地扶贫搬迁是一种以空间换生存发展的扶贫举措。随着易地扶贫搬迁民族社区从原有的传统村落转移至新的移民集中安置点,面对与原有社区不同的新空间,社区各民族通过不断地调整与适应,逐渐改变了原有的空间结构、互动关系、社会秩序、表象认知和网络社会形态,进而再生产出一个新空间。在新的移民社区,各族群众空间上交错杂居,在日常的生产生活实践中,通过生产上的合作共事、生活中的相互往来、人际关系中的交流互动、社区公共事务的共同参与等,形成各族群众在经济、政治、社会、文化、心理等层面全方位的社区互嵌,进而在易地扶贫搬迁民族社区构建起互嵌式社会结构和社区环境。在治理实践中,社区通过合理规划经营物理空间,打造互嵌式社会结构与社区环境;积极培育型塑社会空间,促进各民族交往交流交融;着力引导构建表象空间,铸牢中华民族共同体意识;持续加强创新网络空间,建设民族社区治理共同体。

小型化S波段瓦式有源相控阵天线系统的设计研究

基于运载火箭天基遥测传输的需求和箭载平台对重量、空间及能量消耗的严格限制,本文设计了一种小型轻量化、高集成、低能耗的S波段瓦式有源相控阵天线系统。该系统包括天线阵列模块、发射组件阵列模块、功分网络模块、波束控制器及电源单元模块。本文阐述了该系统的工作原理、组成架构,并根据要求设计了天线阵列、发射组件、高可靠电源单元以及波束控制器等几种关键电路。经暗室实测,本系统中所研制的天线系统样机其波束宽度、轴比、方位面俯仰面±60°波束扫描范围内的ERIP等指标达到设计要求,与目前市场上同频段功能相似的砖式相控阵天线系统相比,其体积减小45%,重量缩减25%,能耗降低15%,更贴合箭载相控阵天线从体积、重量、经济上的应用需求,同时也为相关领域的相控阵天线系统研制提供了指导。

Structural geology and favorable exploration prospect belts in northwestern Sichuan Basin, SW China

The northwestern Sichuan region has experienced multi-stage tectonic evolution including marine cratonic basin from the Sinian to the Middle Triassic and intra-continental basin from the Late Triassic to the Cenozoic. Several regional tectonic activities caused complicated stratigraphic distribution and structural deformations in the deep-buried layers. During the key tectonic periods, some characteristic sedimentary and deformation structures were formed, including the step-shaped marginal carbonate platform of Dengying Formation, the western paleo-high at the end of Silurian, and the passive continental margin of the Late Paleozoic–Middle Triassic. The Meso-Cenozoic intra-continental compressional tectonic processes since the Late Triassic controlled the formation of complex thrusting structures surrounding and inside the northwestern basin. The northern Longmenshan fold-thrust belt has a footwall in-situ thrust structure,which is controlled by two sets of detachments in the Lower Triassic and Lower Cambrian and presents as a multi-level deformation structure with the shallow folds, the middle thin-skin thrusts and the deeper basement-involved folds. The thrust belt in front of the Micangshan Mountain shows a double-layer deformation controlled by the Lower Triassic salt detachment, which is composed by the upper monocline and deep-buried imbricate thrust structures. The interior of the basin is characterized by several rows of large-scale basement-involved folds with NEE strike direction. From the perspective of structural geology, the favorable exploration reservoirs and belts in northwestern Sichuan have obvious zoning characteristics. The favorable exploration layers of Dengying Formation of Upper Sinian are mainly distributed in the eastern and northern areas of the northwestern Sichuan Basin, in which the Jiulongshan structural belt, Zitong syncline and Yanting slope are the most favorable. The Lower Paleozoic was transformed by Caledonian paleo-uplift and late Cenozoic folding, and the midwest area such as the Zitong syncline is a potential area for hydrocarbon exploration. The favorable part of the Upper Paleozoic is mainly distributed in the northern Longmenshan belt and its frontal area, where the deep-buried thin-skin thrust structures in the footwall are the key exploration targets.