IOPS:computational graph optimization based on inter-operators parallel scheduling

To improve the inference efficiency of convolutional neural networks(CNN),the existing neural networks mainly adopt heuristic and dynamic programming algorithms to realize parallel scheduling among operators.Heuristic scheduling algorithms can generate local optima easily,while the dynamic programming algorithm has a long convergence time for complex structural models.This paper mainly studies the parallel scheduling between operators and proposes an inter-operator parallelism schedule(IOPS)scheduling algorithm that guarantees the minimum similar execution delay.Firstly,a graph partitioning algorithm based on the largest block is designed to split the neural network model into multiple subgraphs.Then,the operators that meet the conditions is replaced according to the defined operator replacement rules.Finally,the optimal scheduling method based on backtracking is used to schedule the computational graph.Network models such as Inception-v3,ResNet-50,and RandWire are selected for testing.The experimental results show that the algorithm designed in this paper can achieve a 1.6×speedup compared with the existing sequential execution methods.

A hierarchical enhanced data-driven battery pack capacity estimation framework for real-world operating conditions with fewer labeled data

Battery pack capacity estimation under real-world operating conditions is important for battery performance optimization and health management,contributing to the reliability and longevity of batterypowered systems.However,complex operating conditions,coupling cell-to-cell inconsistency,and limited labeled data pose great challenges to accurate and robust battery pack capacity estimation.To address these issues,this paper proposes a hierarchical data-driven framework aimed at enhancing the training of machine learning models with fewer labeled data.Unlike traditional data-driven methods that lack interpretability,the hierarchical data-driven framework unveils the“mechanism”of the black box inside the data-driven framework by splitting the final estimation target into cell-level and pack-level intermediate targets.A generalized feature matrix is devised without requiring all cell voltages,significantly reducing the computational cost and memory resources.The generated intermediate target labels and the corresponding features are hierarchically employed to enhance the training of two machine learning models,effectively alleviating the difficulty of learning the relationship from all features due to fewer labeled data and addressing the dilemma of requiring extensive labeled data for accurate estimation.Using only 10%of degradation data,the proposed framework outperforms the state-of-the-art battery pack capacity estimation methods,achieving mean absolute percentage errors of 0.608%,0.601%,and 1.128%for three battery packs whose degradation load profiles represent real-world operating conditions.Its high accuracy,adaptability,and robustness indicate the potential in different application scenarios,which is promising for reducing laborious and expensive aging experiments at the pack level and facilitating the development of battery technology.

Parallel Operation Characteristics Analysis of Sewage Source Heat Pump Units in Winter

Sewage source heat pump unit operates under partial load most of the time, and study on the law of coefficient of performance (COP) of the unit varying with load ratio can provide basis for the heat pump units running in high efficiency. A mathematical model determining COP, evaporation temperature and condensation temperature of a single unit was proposed. Under the condition of uniform load distribution, the model was established according to different ways of bearing partial load with the same type multiple units but different parallel operation models, and the operation characteristics of units were analyzed as well. Results show that the single screw water-source heat pump can maintain high COP only at 60%—100% load ratio, COP decreases sharply with the decrease of load ratio, and the units with parallel operation are controlled by the load ratio of a single unit according to the reduction of total load which can keep the average COP at high level within a wide load range.

Operation control strategy of series-parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle

A series-parallel hydraulic hybrid system applied to public buses is put forward,and parameters of key components are analyzed and determined.Energy management strategy based on logic threshold is designed which is aimed at efficient operation of the overall system considering the operational characteristic of the components and taking the curves of engine,hydraulic pump/motor and hydraulic pump as the main design basis;regenerative control strategy which makes regenerative brake system and frictional brake system work harmoniously is designed to raise recovery rate of regenerative brake energy.System dynamic modeling and simulation results show that the energy control strategy designed here is able to adapt system to changes of working condition and switch the operating mode reasonably.The regenerative braking control strategy is effective in raising the utilization of energy and improving fuel economy.

Electronic Load Controller for a Parallel Operated Isolated Asynchronous Generator Feeding Various Loads

This paper presents an investigation on a voltage and frequency controller (VFC), which functions as an improved elec-tronic load controller (IELC) for parallel operated isolated asynchronous generators (IAGs) in an autonomous hydro power generation system. In such type of hydro scheme whole generating system is isolated from the grid and supply electricity to the remote communities. The single point operation of these generators is realized, in such a manner that excitation capacitors, speeds, load, voltage, currents of generators remain constant under various operating conditions. The proposed controller consists of a 3-leg IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) based voltage source converter (VSC) and a DC chopper with an auxiliary load at the DC bus of the VSC. The IELC controls the reactive and active powers simultaneously for controlling the voltage and frequency under varying consumer loads. Along with voltage and frequency control through single point operation of IAGs driven by uncontrolled pico hydro turbines, the IELC meets the power quality standard an IEEE-519 and it keeps the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the terminal voltage and currents within the limit of 5%. Here the proposed electrical system along with its controller is modeled in MATLAB along with Simulink and PSB (Power System Block-set) toolboxes. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the capability of proposed controller for an isolated generating system.

煤矿智能快速掘进关键技术研究现状及展望

针对煤矿巷道掘进智能化建设情况,探讨了现阶段分别以连采机、掘锚一体机、全断面掘进系统、掘锚机为核心的四大类智能快速掘进成套装备发展现状,分析了四大类智能快掘装备与地质条件适用性,提出了实现煤矿智能化掘进需要解决的关键技术的问题,探讨了以信息传输与智能分析技术、智能感知技术、精确定位导航技术,自主定型定向截割技术、掘进机远程自主截割控制技术以及多级多工序智能协同控制技术为基础的智能化掘进实现途径;基于复杂地质条件下煤矿巷道掘进亟待解决的关键问题,提出了以掘进作业功能需求、掘进工艺要求为依据的系统化分析、模块化设计、功能优化组合的设计方法;研究了以虚控实、虚实结合的多级数字孪生构架,基于掘进巷道设备、环境、地质构造多维信息再现实现掘进机远程控制;提出了单机智能化、系统协同化、井下智控与地面远程监控相协同的控制方法。开发了新型的无重复碾压柔性超前支护技术、截割部多级伸缩截割技术、智能锚固机组多钻机并行作业等技术,研制了具有掘、支、锚、运、探多工序并行作业的新型快速掘进作业联合机组,提出了掘进机器人、超前支护机器人、锚固机器人、辅助运输机器人组柔性并行作业技术;提出了基于数据驱动的多机多工序协同控制行为规划决策方法。提出构建完整的煤矿井下跨系统全时空信息数字感知体系,构建集井下现场生产状态、掘进巷道空间信息、掘进装备状态、风险信息等多参量、多尺度、全时空特性的数据感知智能化监控平台,实现虚拟系统与实际掘进系统实时通信,通过数据驱动规划分析实现智能化、少人化掘进。

基于RBF网络的足球点球轨迹预测

基于计算机视觉线性化轨迹预测模型在预测足球轨迹时,只能保证局部稳定性,存在轨迹跟踪局部稳定性问题和parking问题,提出了基于RBF网络的足球点球轨迹预测方法。建立足球运动状态传感信号解析模型,计算足球飞行地心重力、空气阻力、空气浮力、自身旋转时产生的马格努斯力的参数。建立足球飞行过程中的飞行受力解析模型,鉴于多参数模型复杂度过高,产生parking问题。利用RBF网络模型简化能力,建立飞行轨迹预测模型,结合并行滤波控制器,融合以上所有信息,在已知视觉概率计算的基础上,完成足球飞行轨迹的状态估计,并将其误差的协方差计算作为滤波控制的输入值,从而得到所有方差、均值的数据。最后获得足球在任意时刻的运动状态函数,完成预测。实验结果显示,该方法的足球运行轨迹吻合度为12 mm,且落点距离标准差最大仅为0.0412 m,因此,该预测方法能够得到精度更高的预测数据。

一种新型的CRM-Boost APFC控制方法

介绍了Boost-APFC电路工作在临界导通模式下的优势。针对传统单相CRM-Boost APFC电压模式控制方法存在PI参数调试时间较长、调节效果较差、不稳定因素增加等不足,提出了一种有静态工作点的单相CRMBoost APFC电压模式控制方法,并通过PSIM仿真验证了该方法的优点。针对新型交错控制方法存在PI参数调试时间较长、不稳定因素增加等不足和需要额外使用一个电压控制电流源的情况,提出了一种改进型两相交错并联CRM-Boost APFC电压模式控制方法,并且完成了PSIM仿真,功率因数高达99.96%。制作了一台4kW的两相交错并联CRM-Boost APFC实验样机,并进行了实验调试,功率因数达到了99.66%,效率为98.02%。

基于异构系统的多级并行稀疏张量向量乘算法

张量在许多实际应用中被用来表示大规模、多源、高维、多模态的数据.稀疏张量分解作为挖掘数据中隐藏信息的有效方法之一,已被广泛应用于机器学习、文本分析、生物医疗等研究领域中.稀疏张量向量乘(Sparse Tensor-VectorMultiplication,SpTV)是张量分解中最基础、耗时最多的运算之一.为加速大数据和人工智能相关应用的运行效率,本文提出了基于CPU-GPU异构结构的多级并行SpTV加速算法.首先,为了将SpTV运算映射到混合、多级并行的分布式CPU-GPU异构多/众核构架,本文设计了一种多维并行SpTV划分方法,采用面向节点级并行的N-1维张量划分和面向GPU线程级并行的矩阵划分,充分利用计算节点间和节点内的多级并行计算能力.其次,设计了一种基于稀疏张量纤维的压缩存储格式,压缩稀疏张量的内存占用,优化SpTV运算的计算和访存模式.最后,提出了基于多流并行的异构高效SpTV算法,进一步设计了稀疏张量的细粒度划分方法、多流并行运行机制和基于张量块排序的多流并行优化技术,实现了SpTV运算中通信开销和计算开销的相互重叠与隐藏.实验结果表明,与相关工作aeSpTV相比,所提出的SpTV算法在所有测试数据集上最高能够获得3.28倍的加速比.

基于临时支护新装置的工序优化与支护性能分析

针对掘进工作面存在的掘支平行作业难、用时比重失调问题,为实现平行作业、快速支护,设计了新的临时支护装置,具有尺寸可调、快速响应、及时支护的特点。采用理论分析加数值模拟的方法进行研究;介绍了装置的结构设计;以新巨龙煤矿综掘施工技术为例进行工艺优化,从理论上提出一种分区平行作业的施工技术;通过顶板两端简支岩梁力学模型,展开装置临时支护作用机理分析;并对装置的支护性能进行结构静力学分析。结果表明:在巷道顶板松动范围0~3.30 m时,装置支护所需承受的载荷为158.40 kN;仿真得到最大等效应力为57.37 MPa,在装置顶梁下端与耳座位置交接处,最大位移量出现在中间梁上端中部,为0.30 mm,装置的结构设计能满足支护要求。此研究可为实现快速掘进的平行作业,高效支护和安全生产,提供有益参考。

具有多层级货架的自动小车存取系统排队网建模与分析

为了满足多楼层生产车间之间的物料运输需求,同时减少企业成本,自动存取系统的设计问题变得愈发重要。带有多层级货架的自动小车存取系统因其优秀的吞吐能力和柔性,具有很好的应用前景。为了分析多层车间中带有多层级货架自动小车存取系统并行作业的性能,在分析自动导引小车(AGV)和电梯、伸缩臂作业方式的基础上,构建了半开排队网络模型,并设计了基于近似均值分析法的近似求解算法。该方法首先将半开排队网内部网络分为不同的单独网络模型,并分别重构为等效的闭排队网络模型。这些网络模型最终被聚合成一个节点,与外部的同步节点联合构建闭排队网络模型求解吞吐率。最后,针对内部网络的单独节点进行分析计算,得到其他系统性能指标。通过设计仿真实验,验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。

自行加榴炮系统反应时间优化研究

武器系统反应时间是反映武器装备自动化水平和火力反应能力的重要战技指标。针对某大口径自行加榴炮系统反应时间过长、作战效率较低、无法适应现代战场需求的问题,推导了操瞄解算模型,按照操瞄解算模型自动调炮,研究了操瞄调炮与弹药装填机构动作的特点和时长,设计分步并行的方法,优化了调炮动作与装填动作的联动过程,并进行试验对比分析。试验结果表明,相较于传统方法,优化后的方法使得该型自行加榴炮的平均系统反应时间减少了7.02 s,系统反应速度提高了32.3%,使之可以快速、高效地完成规定的战术动作,明显提升其战场生存能力和作战效率。

基于MapReduce的并行化电网运行数据处理方法研究

在大规模新能源的新型电力系统中,由于云端电力数据存在结构复杂、数据量大及多维度的特点,因此不利于发挥数据对运行的指导作用,甚至有可能危害电力系统的安全、稳定运行。针对上述问题,文中提出了一种基于MapReduce的电网数据分析方法。其将云计算应用于新型电力系统,并构建了基于MapReduce云计算模型的并行化处理算法,进而提升了系统的响应速度。通过将该方法应用于电网的数据处理结果表明,所提方法可以有效地提高电网运行数据处理的准确性和工作效率。在海量数据的工况下,其处理效率约为30 min,且随着数据量的增加仍可保持稳定性与准确性,实现了网格化的并行分析。

基于分布式网络的水面舰艇编队一体化导航方法

[目的]针对体系化作战中,水面舰艇编队导航面临设备损毁、导航干扰等复杂作战环境的挑战,提出一种基于分布式网络的水面舰艇编队一体化导航系统及方法。[方法]通过分布式协同导航提升编队应对复杂环境的可靠性和灵活性。编队一体化导航系统分为设备层、系统层和体系层,设备层输出原始的GNSS/INS导航数据,系统层输出节点独立导航数据,体系层融合生成编队协同导航数据。为实现体系层编队协同导航数据融合,采用Floyd算法,以基线传递路径最短的原则构建分布式编队协同导航网络,在节点独立导航数据的基础上通过动态基线传递生成节点协同导航数据;通过加权最小二乘法融合多个节点协同导航数据输出编队协同导航数据。[结果]仿真结果表明,应用该方法可成功构建分布式协同导航网络。通过导航支援,保障了受毁伤节点导航的不中断;通过精度支援,提升了受干扰节点的导航精度。[结论]分布式协同导航具有抗毁伤、抗干扰、可提高精度的优势,并可有效应对复杂的作战环境。

Parallel all-optical logic operations based on metasurface polarization optics

We developed a general framework for parallel all-optical logic operations with independent phase control of arbitrary orthogonal polarization state enabled by a single-layer metasurface.A pair of orthogonal circular polarized bases are used as two input channels of the logic operator,and their four combinations perfectly match various binary input states.Correspondingly,distinct phase profiles are encoded into the metasurface,which enables parallel operation of the two logic gates by way of polarization switching.It allows for an efficient and compact way to implement multi-channel multiplexed logic gate operations with the capability of fast optical computing at the chip scale.

基于SCD模型的智能变电站接线图自动生成系统

该文设计智能变电站接线图自动生成系统,降低配置信息理解难度。框架中包括基础层获取变电站配置SCD文件,数据转换层进行处理,数据传输层通过PCIE总线发送到业务层。接线图生成模块分析SCD文件确定IED节点间拓扑关系,计算边权值。采用图聚类算法完成节点分组,多任务并行运算生成接线图,可视化呈现给用户。实验结果表明系统能快速生成清晰合理的接线图。

单双泵控混合分布式挖掘机液压系统性能分析

针对泵控非对称缸中存在流量不平衡问题和挖掘机(动臂、斗杆及铲斗)各液压缸的多象限工况,提出一种单双泵控混合分布式挖掘机液压系统。基于挖掘作业时工作装置的各液压缸速度-负载特性,为二象限工况的动臂设计单泵控液压单元,四象限工况的斗杆及铲斗设计双泵并联式泵控液压单元。以微型挖掘机为对象,在MATLAB/Simulink中建立多体动力学模型和液压系统模型,设计PID位置控制器,在典型挖掘工况下进行仿真分析。结果表明:单泵式的效率与双泵并联式的基本相当,但后者在负载力突变时,几乎不产生速度波动;在典型挖掘工况下,所提出的单双泵控混合分布式挖掘机液压系统的总效率为62%。

掘进工作面稳定性研究

以霍州煤电集团晋北煤业掘进工作面稳定性为研究背景,讨论了巷道掘进工艺中的分次成巷法和一次成巷法,同时根据平行作业,建立了掘进-支护系统动力学模型。实践工程中接触力稳定,围岩处于稳定状态,综合机械化掘进工艺提高了劳动效率,降低了成本,对于维护掘进工作面稳定性有积极作用。

考虑噪声影响的柴油发电机组并联运行自动化监控系统

设计考虑噪声影响的柴油发电机组并联运行自动化监控系统,实时监控柴油发电机组并联运行状态,确保其安全稳定运行。采集柴油发电机组并联运行状态数据,广义S变换的时频滤波算法合理去除所采状态数据噪声后,改进随机森林算法的故障感知与预测方法监测柴油发电机组并联运行状态,并将监测结果以及监控画面合理呈现于远程监控终端,供用户查看。实验结果表明,该系统可有效监控柴油发电机组并联运行状态,数据去噪效果较好,将其应用于实际工作,可获得较为理想的柴油发电机组并联运行自动化监控效果。

基于安全与高效的空调水循环泵选型方法与控制策略浅析

基于安全运行、服务保障和低碳节能的诉求,对空调冷水系统中冷水循环泵的不同设计理念和控制策略进行了比较分析,并对制冷站内并联运行的冷水泵设计选型和控制策略提出了商榷和探讨。分别从暖通空调和自动控制的不同专业角度,给出了多台相同性能水泵并联运行的安全保障技术措施。在对比分析冷源侧供回水总管压差和用冷侧最不利末端压差2种控制方案之后,介绍了1种多末端分布式压差控制解决方法,可供设计师参考。