Spatial Pattern and Heterogeneity of Port & Shipping Service Enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta,2002–2016

Using the ‘theoretical hypothesis—empirical study—case verification' method, this paper studies the spatial distribution and differentiation of port & shipping service enterprises(PSSE), as well as the variation process and underlying mechanism in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD). First, through inductive and deductive reasoning, we propose the following hypothesis: the regional distribution of different types of PSSE would show different spatial agglomeration-decentralization tendency; and there would be distinct regional differentiation in the industrial structure of the enterprises. Second, based on data obtained from enterprises, empirical research is conducted using Gini coefficient and spatial interpolation simulation methods. Results show that: 1) The overall enterprise distribution is decentralized within a city. 2) Different types of enterprises show different spatial agglomeration-decentralization tendencies. At 3000 m×3000 m grid scale, there is an agglomeration tendency along seas and rivers in the spatial distribution of enterprises. Shanghai has been identified consistently as a hot spot. 3) There is significant regional differentiation in 12 port cities with respect to the industrial structures of enterprises. Finally, the transportization and the increase of shipping service demand, the globalization and the expansion of multinational corporate activities, the hierarchization and the cooperation among port cities as well as the decentralization and the behavioral difference between the central and local states can be seen as main driving mechanism of the spatial phenomenon.

Research on the Development Strategy of Ningbo Transportation Port &Shipping Industry

Firstly, the development background of Ningbo Transportation Port & Shipping Industry is analyzed on a spatial scale. Based on that, the strategic goal of Ningbo transportation port Port & Shipping Industry is put forward, and strategic path analysis of strategic objectives is carried out. Finally, with the dynamic resource view, the strategic integration model of Ningbo Port & Shipping Industry is proposed.

Port and Shipping Express Management: The Challenges Faced by West and Central Africa in This Century

Shipping industry has become more capital intensive, technically more demanding and subject to major global regulatory reforms. As a consequence, the number of African shipping lines has been severely reduced. International trade of the WCA countries remains weak, limited to 30% of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the port and shipping convey management in the WCA region, and of course to describe what has been achieved since then and what still have to be done to better its infrastructures and port community.

Ship Waste Management in the Port of Igoumenitsa, Greece

Port of Igoumenitsa in Greece is one of the most important Ports in European Union and enjoys a privileged position being located at the starting point of Egnatia Motorway The Port is one of the largest passenger ports in the East Mediterranean Sea basin, which, handles around 1,000,000 passengers per year for international destinations. The paper investigates current waste management and disposal options for ship generated waste and the associated impact of the waste for port. Data about the ship traffic were provided by the Port Authority and about the amount and characteristics of the wastes by the contractors for the disposal of the ship generated waste. It was concluded that all vessels should be encouraged to use the reception facilities and should pursue a waste reduction strategy and the port authority to provide adequate recycling facility. An electronic recording data system has to be adopted for better evaluation of the performance of the system. This system must record the deliveries for every ship in the port, the amount and the type of wastes are generated. Also must provide information about the maximum storage capacity of waste on board and about management of waste treatment options by the ships.

Freight Transport Using Short Sea Shipping

The increasing imbalance between road and maritime transport has led to saturation of the terrestrial infrastructures. For this reason, the development and analysis of an intermodal freight transport which is safe, reliable and sustainable is the first step to a more balanced growth of other transport options. In this sense, SSS （Short Sea Shipping） rises like a real and efficient alternative to the land road-based transport as well as integrated to a multimodal system door to door for the freight distribution. This paper aims to evaluate and identify all those parameters required to determine the characteristics ofa SSS service under a theoretical approach. The increasing growth of the transport market demands to the maritime transport an adaptation effort to the redistribution space processes of production centers and consumption and, as a result of it, of the logistic flows and transport. For this reason, a specific methodology has been developed to model all those phases integrated in the logistic chain of SSS. The final purpose is to determine costs and time of each one of them, for its later implementation in a heuristic algorithm of routing analysis. The main driving factors that determine under which conditions the SSS represents an effective and a feasible solution to road freight are also identified. Information regarding European Union programs to promote the SSS is also presented for a better understanding of the ways of funding sustainable freight transport projects. This investigation states an initial basis for evaluating the competitiveness of SSS concepts, and shows where market and environmental circumstances could be handled in order to enhance the competitiveness of SSS.

Ports and Shipping Companies Have Outstanding Performances

Access Report on Performances of Listed Ports and Shipping Com- panies in 2007,by International Economy Research Institute of Dalian Maritime University(DMU),was issued. According to the report,Shenzhen Chi- wan Wharf Holdings Limited(CWH),

Integrated Scheduling Optimization of Two-Way Channel Ships Entering and Leaving Ports and Tugboat Distribution

According to the passage rules of ships in the bidirectional channel,the realistic conditions of the limited number of tugboats in the port are taken into account.This paper studies the problems faced in the integrated scheduling optimization in terms of ship arrival and departure and tugboat allocation in two-way channel.A mixed integer programming model with minimum waiting time was established,and a heuristic algorithm was designed to solve the problem.Experimental results show that the model and algorithm in this paper can effectively solve such problems and provide support for port management.

Integrated Scheduling Optimization of One-Way Channel Ships Entering and Leaving the Port, and Tugboat Distribution

With the rapid development of shipping industry,the volume of maritime logistics is also increasing.Tugboats are the first service station for ships,and the working efficiency tugboats directly affects the ship’s attendance rate and the port’s service efficiency.Some domestic ports use one-way channel design due to the limitations of geographical position and natural factors.However,due to the particularity of the channel,the ships are entering and leaving the port in a disorderly manner and the tugboats are running empty,which causes problems in the port.Therefore,the port is in urgent need of improving the cooperative dispatching ability of one-way channel and tugboats.

Development of Taicang Port, Jiangsu Province as a Sub-Central Port in Shanghai International Shipping Center

Taicang port (31°39’N, 121°12’E), located on the south bank of the Yangtze River in southeastern Jiangsu province, is adjacent to Shanghai city, 53 km from Shanghai business center and 46 km from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport. With over 20 kmof deep-water front (water depth 】10 m) and only 100 km from the mouth of the Yangtze River, it is most favored for the development of ocean shipping. In ancient times, the port, known as Liujia port, was located on the mouth of the Liuhe, a smalltributary of the Yangtze River, east of the present port. During the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), it was an important trading port, famous in the Chinese history especially for the fact that the great Chinese navigator of the early Ming dynasty, Mr. Zheng He (late 14th to early

韧性视角下的集装箱航运网络脆弱性评估及恢复策略

现有航运网络脆弱性评估方法和恢复策略存在一定局限性,主要表现为:评估方法单一,难以全面反映航运网络的复杂性;未综合考虑实际运营能力和空间距离等关键因素,导致恢复策略应对突发事件的效果不佳。针对上述问题,从拓扑结构和实际运营这2个方面对航运网络脆弱性进行了综合评价,提出了基于变异系数法多维度航运网络脆弱性评价指标,并设计了1种基于备份港口排序的恢复策略,其中,备份港口排序综合考虑了空间距离、港口运输能力和泊位数量等因素。通过引入了动态评价框架、调整脆弱性指标权重、优化备份港口选择和流量分配策略等,提升了评估与恢复策略的准确性和有效性。以2020年中欧、中地、中美东、中美西集装箱航运网络为例,构建了集装箱航运网络拓扑图,并分析了航线的脆弱性和运力波动,结果表明:采用单港口备份恢复策略时,航运网络韧性提升11.6%;采用双港口备份恢复策略时,航运网络韧性提升31.5%。综上,本文提出了集装箱航运网络脆弱性评估方法和基于备份港口排序的恢复策略,合理确定备份港口数量,实现对失效港口流量的有效重分配,为提高航运网络韧性提供了新的途径,也凸显了脆弱性评估和备份恢复策略在航运网络中的重要性。

船舶与港口装备轻量化技术的研究现状与展望

水运是中国社会经济发展不可或缺、不可替代的交通方式。作为水运的主要载体和支点,船舶和港口的发展是水运贸易的重要支撑。面向新一代航运系统“绿色化、智能化、韧性化”的发展需求,轻量化技术已成为船舶与港口装备发展的重要方向。本文阐述了船舶与港口装备的构成、运行环境与结构特点;梳理了船舶与港口装备轻量化技术的发展现状,综合分析了材料轻量化与结构轻量化的技术特征及其应用现状;结合船舶与港口装备轻量化的发展需求,展望了船舶与港口装备轻量化技术的未来发展方向。

采用云重心评判法的港口船舶溢油综合应急能力评价

为突破单环节评价港口船舶溢油应急能力的局限性,合理配置资源,采用云重心评判法全环节评估港口船舶溢油综合应急能力,面向应急准备、预警、行动、恢复全环节,参照人-机-环境-管理系统理论和国际国内规定,建立综合应急能力评价指标体系;针对传统评价指标因素未涉及模糊性和随机性的问题,用加权偏离度确定定性指标与定量数值间的转化关系;利用层次分析法(AHP)优化评价意见,弥补评价样本欠充分带来的精度缺陷;最后,以上海港为例,对船舶溢油综合应急能力评价作实证研究。结果表明:云重心评判法能合理评价港口船舶溢油综合应急能力,为健全和完备应急能力提供理论依据,为港口船舶溢油综合应急能力评价提供了一种新思路。

全国港航科技创新网络结构特征及演化

为探究港航科技创新合作特征及其变化规律,本文采用2007—2021年港口和航海领域科技创新获奖项目数据,根据奖励类别和获奖等级确定主体间合作关系的质量权重,构建基于合作质量的全国港口和航海科技创新无向加权网络;选取平均度、平均加权度、网络密度、特征路径长度及聚集系数指标,分析网络整体结构特征;构建加权度数中心度-加权中介中心度平面,识别网络个体的总体发展、不同组织类型的网络角色以及网络的核心节点;最后,根据合作伙伴的数量、强度和空间分布,揭示主体间合作的时空分异特征。结果显示:全国港口和航海科技创新网络呈现网络规模扩大、网络密度减小、合作伙伴增多及合作质量提高的趋势,港口科技创新网络具有“小世界”效应,航海科技创新网络呈现层次结构特征。全国港口和航海科技创新网络均形成有明确权力中心的网络结构,创新主体的信息控制和桥接能力不强。科研机构和高校更容易成为网络权力中心,企业在港口科技创新网络中发挥主导作用,公共机构和政府部门在航海科技创新网络中更具有影响力,部委直属或国有背景的组织在网络中占据核心位置。全国港口和航海科技创新主体的伙伴数遵循幂律分布,港口科技创新主体形成强强联合和强弱互动的合作局面,航海科技创新主体趋向异配合作。港口科技创新主体的同城合作质量更高,航海科技创新主体的同城和跨城合作质量协同提高。

内河水运基础设施及船舶技术发展现状与展望

我国交通运输事业已步入全面建设交通强国的新发展阶段,内河水运在综合交通运输体系中的比较优势尚未得到充分发挥,而“双循环”新发展格局及“双碳”战略的实施将要求内河水运及其核心要素的船舶技术必须实现创新发展。该文通过梳理提炼国内外内河水运以及船舶发展的现状与相关政策演变,分析创新技术研究进展与典型案例,对内河水运基础设施及船舶技术发展趋势进行展望:未来内河水运基础设施与数字、信息和网络技术深度融合,岸基控制中心作为关键性设施和船舶能源供给设施网联化;船舶则向着船型标准化、谱系化、智能化、少人化、能源绿色化及多元化、电力推进主流化等方向演进;船舶编队航行成为创新运输模式。文中所探索的内河水运基础设施及船舶技术的变革方向,可为建设新一代内河水运体系和研发先进船型提供参考。

港船多能源融合技术体系构建与运行模式研究

为充分利用港口地区丰富的风、光可再生资源,构建了由“源网荷储”四部分组成的港船多能源融合系统,建立了状态监测与能量管理系统保证港船多能源融合系统的安全运行,制定了包括横向多能互补和纵向“源网荷储”协调互动的港船多能源融合系统运行模式。港船多能源融合系统可以实现新能源、清洁能源的综合利用,减少CO_(2)等温室气体的排放,有助于“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的实现。

上海航运安全保障智慧化创新方向研究

航运业作为我国经济社会发展重要的基础产业,其存在的航运安全问题不容忽视。为了探究航运安全保障的潜在智慧化创新方向,以上海航运安全保障为例,梳理并提出航运安全保障概念与内涵,对航运安全保障体系国内外现状进行归纳总结,从智能港口、智慧航道2个方面剖析航运安全相关技术的研究进展。在总结分析航运安全保障现存问题和主要差距的基础上,对智能技术在航运安全保障领域的应用进行展望,即大力发展数字孪生与大数据应用和推动无人驾驶与智能船舶技术结合。

基于船舶安全返港需求的IETM设计及应用

随着电子信息技术的发展,各行业对设备操作、维护、维修的信息化交互式阅读需求愈发迫切。交互式电子技术手册(以下简称IETM(Interactive Electronic Technical Manual))技术针对性地解决了该痛点,已在国际上广泛应用。而国内船舶安全返港(Safe Return To Port)需求解决措施中尚未有IETM技术的应用。文中分析以往船舶事故中船舶安全返港纸质操作手册的弊端,设计出了基于船舶安全返港需求的IETM应用。该应用相较于传统纸质手册在信息的交互性、关联性、延展性方面有了质的飞跃。可迅速解决问题,使船舶具备安全返港的能力。

航运中心与城市经济互动关系分析——上海与新加坡比较

港口与城市经济的协调发展有助于提高港口竞争力和城市影响力。以上海和新加坡为比较对象,采用熵权-灰色关联模型探究港口与城市经济的关联度。通过构建向量自回归模型,从对外贸易、生产总值和产业结构探究港城互动关系。结果表明,城市经济与航运中心存在较强关联。新加坡对外贸易与港口间具有稳定的双向促进效应,上海市外向型经济对航运中心的驱动作用较弱。上海市生产总值能为港口发展提供有力的腹地支撑,港口对城市生产总值的辐射带动效应并不明显。上海市第三产业与港口间存在长期的潜在拉动力,但现阶段上海市第二产业对航运中心的发展仍起主导作用。从长期效果看,第三产业扩张政策对航运中心的促进作用强于第二产业。针对上述结论,分析原因并提出增强港口韧性、促进“港产城”融合发展等建议。

港口与船公司新型合谋策略的演化与均衡分析

为在新型轴辐合谋背景下探讨港航系统实施轴辐合谋模式的可能性,构建一个港口和两家船公司之间的轴辐合谋模型,分析具有产能约束的港口和船公司在轴辐合谋下的均衡策略。研究发现:轴辐合谋前,船公司之间默契合谋会对港口利润造成损失;轴辐合谋后,港口和船公司分别降低其服务价格和运价,在保证船公司利润不变的情况下港口利润得到改善,港航系统总利润实现增加;从长期角度看轴辐合谋将成为港口和船公司的最优策略。港口与船公司轴辐合谋的稳定性大于船公司默契合谋的稳定性。该研究结果可为预防和规制航运业新的合谋模式提供决策参考。

赛德西港用于船舶减排的陆上可再生能源供电评估

Air pollution from shipping is becoming a critical issue,particularly in dense hub port cities.One proposed solution to minimize ship-based emissions at ports is the implementation of an Onshore Power Supply(OPS)system.OPS allows ships to shut off their auxiliary engines and instead connect to the port grid.While there have been numerous studies conducted on ports in Europe and the United States,little research has been done on Egyptian ports.Therefore,this paper aims to investigate the feasibility of implementing OPS at Port Said West Port in Egypt,aligning with Egypt Vision 2030’s goals for addressing climate change.The research primarily focuses on analyzing data collected from calling ships to generate socio-economic and cost-effectiveness analyses of OPS.To further enhance the environmental benefits of OPS,the paper proposes the use of solar energy as the OPS electricity source.The findings of the study revealed that by relying on the national grid,emissions can be reduced by 28%.Moreover,it is predicted that this reduction could reach 100%if electricity generation is solely based on solar energy.Additionally,the economic analysis demonstrates promising profitability,with a payback period of approximately two years.