Detecting Dementia-Related Wandering Locomotion of Elders by Leveraging Active Infrared Sensors

For elders with dementia, wandering is among the most problematic, frequent and dangerous behavior. Managing wandering behavior has become increasingly imperative due to its high prevalence, negative outcomes and burden on caregivers. We study to propose an active infrared-based method to identify wandering locomotion by monitoring rhythmical repetition of an elder’s indoor motion events. Specifically, we utilize our customized active infrared sensors to collect human indoor motions that will be converted into motion events by using hardware redundancy technique. Each motion event is a directed motion obtained via introducing temporal and dimensions into the spatial motion data. Based on the most cited spatial-temporal patterns of wandering locomotion, a spatiotemporal model is then proposed to identify wandering locomotion from an ongoing sequence of motion events. Experimental evaluation on eight individuals’ real-world motion datasets has shown that our proposed method is able to effectively identify wandering locomotion from repetitive events collected from active infrared sensors with a value over 98% for both accuracy and precision based on properly chosen parameters. Wandering in elders with dementia that follow specific spatiotemporal patterns can be reliably identified by analyzing repetitive motion events collected from active infrared sensors based on the well-known spatiotemporal patterns of wandering locomotion.

Avoiding obstacles by using a proximity infrared sensor skin

Placement and wiring of vast amount of sensor elements on the 3-dimensionally configured robot sur-face to form soft sensor skin is very difficult with the traditional technology. In this paper we propose a new method to realize such a skin.By implanting infrared sensors array in an elastic body, we obtain an elastic and tough sensor skin that can be shaped freely.The developed sensor skin is a large-area, flexi-ble array of infrared sensors with data processing capabilities.Depending on the skin electronics, it en-dows its carrier with an ability to sense its surroundings.The structure, the method of infrared sensor sig-nal processing, and basic experiments of sensor skin are presented. The validity of the infrared sensor skin is investigated by preliminary obstacle avoidance trial.

Wireless Low Cost CO₂Monitoring System Design and Evaluation Using Non Dispersive Infrared Sensor

This paper presents a new wireless system for the measurement of CO2 gas concentration for indoor and outdoor purposes based on low cost Non Dispersive Infrared sensors. The system has been implemented on a printed circuit board in order to obtain different aspects of the air pollution. Some experiments were achieved to evaluate the total system combined with an android application on a smartphone. Different tests were realized in a closed room nearly filled with students and also directly while driving on the road. Good results were obtained allowing a future use for air pollution mapping using numerous amounts of sensors inside vehicles.

Localization of a Target with Three Degrees of Freedom Using a Low Cost Wireless Infrared Sensor Network

The estimation of the position of a mobile target on a plane as well as its orientation is an important aspect for many applications. The indoor or outdoor localization of such a target has been widely addressed in the literature but if a third degree of freedom like rotation has to be also taken into consideration the difficulty in estimating the target position and orientation is significantly increased. A network consisting of only a small number of low cost infrared transmitters/receivers is used in this paper to estimate the position of a mobile target on a plane as well as its draft orientation with an angular step of 45o or less. The distance and orientation estimation is based on the success rate that infrared patterns are retrieved at the target. This success rate parameter is calculated by simple ultra low cost microcontrollers. The architectural complexity and cost of the overall localization system is significantly lower than other approaches without sacrificing speed and accuracy. An error correction scheme like Turbo decoding is applied in order to increase the reliability and stability of the results by correcting burst errors introduced by real time noise.

Infrared Sensor with Liquid Crystal Chopper

An infrared sensor using the liquid crystal chopper is presented. The infrared sensor is designed to detect infrared rays with a pyroelectric element used as a liquid crystal chopper in such an infrared sensor or the like.

Research of Water Response under the Action of the Infrared Human Body Radiation by Water Conductometric Sensors

Non-equilibrium thermal and biothermal radiation generated by heated solid materials and hematothermal living organisms are studied by water conductometric sensors. Engineering aspects and physical features of developed water conductometric sensors are given. Procedure and measuring technique are described. Our experiments show the anomalous behavior of water conductivity and associated differential parameters under water heating by biological objects compared with traditional heating sources. Water response to human action strongly depends on psychophysiological and psychoemotional state of the person. Moreover the responses to the action by left and right human hands are substantially different and as a rule are specific to the gender. The possible physicochemical mechanisms of such anomalous water behavior are studied. It is suggested that the observed effects are associated with resonant excitation of vibration-rotation energy levels of water under the influence of bioradiation generated by human organism consisting of approximately 70% water. The results obtained have good perspectives for future applications in different fields of human activity.

128×128 element PtSi infrared CCD image sensor

A new 128×128 element PtSi Schottky barrier infrared image sensor with ITCCD readout structure and PtSi thin film optical cavity detector structure has been fabricated,which has 50μm×50 μm pixels,a fill factor of 40 percent,the nonuniformity of 5% or less and the dynamic range of over or equal to 50 dB.The noise equivalent temperature difference is 0.2 K with f/1.0 optics at 300 K background. In this paper,the principle of operation,design consideration and fabrication technology for the device are described.

A Novel Multiple Component Gas Infrared Ray Sensor

In this paper, The principle, structure and practical application of a novel multiple component gas infrared ray sensor are discussed. The optical gas sensor, which has infrared radiation impulses input and electric single output, is composed of narrow band light filter, optical taper and pyroelectric detector array. An infrared gas analyzer with multiple component gas tested synchronously consists of the sensor, single middle infrared source, single gas cell and computer data acquire system. As compared with sensor in other infrared gas analyzer, it has many merits such as novel structure, strong anti\|oscillate performance and low cost. Different gas in different measurement area can be analyzed quantitatively by replacing optical filter module easily.

Advantages of QWIP technology in infrared thermal cameras

Standard GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors(QWIP)have been seriously considered as atechnological choice for the 3^(rd) generation of thermal imagers in the long wave infrared band(LWIR)for some time.Alternative technology like MCT(HgCdTe)was the technology choice of the 2^(nd) generation because of its high quantum efficiency.In the paper,measurements on the QWIP technology will be presented and a comparison with alternative technology will be done.

Active training sample selection and updating strategy for near-infrared model with an industrial application

Training sample selection is widely accepted as an important step in developing a near-infrared(NIR) spectroscopic model. For industrial applications, the initial training dataset is usually selected empirically. This process is time-consuming, and updating the structure of the modeling dataset online is difficult. Considering the static structure of the modeling dataset, the performance of the established NIR model could be degraded in the online process. To cope with this issue, an active training sample selection and updating strategy is proposed in this work. The advantage of the proposed approach is that it can select suitable modeling samples automatically according to the process information. Moreover, it can adjust model coefficients in a timely manner and avoid arbitrary updating effectively. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by applying the method to an industrial gasoline blending process.

A Self‑Powered,Highly Embedded and Sensitive Tribo‑Label‑Sensor for the Fast and Stable Label Printer

Label-sensor is an essential component of the label printer which is becoming a most significant tool for the development of Internet of Things(IoT).However,some drawbacks of the traditional infrared label-sensor make the printer fail to realize the high-speed recognition of labels as well as stable printing.Herein,we propose a selfpowered and highly sensitive tribo-label-sensor(TLS)for accurate label identification,positioning and counting by embedding triboelectric nanogenerator into the indispensable roller structure of a label printer.The sensing mechanism,device parameters and deep comparison with infrared sensor are systematically studied both in theory and experiment.As the results,TLS delivers 6 times higher signal magnitude than traditional one.Moreover,TLS is immune to label jitter and temperature variation during fast printing and can also be used for transparent label directly and shows long-term robustness.This work may provide an alternative toolkit with outstanding advantages to improve current label printer and further promote the development of IoT.

Infrared sensing based sensitive skin

Developed robotics sensitive skin is a modularized, flexible, mini-type array of infrared sensors with data processing capabilities, which can be used to cover the body of a robot. Depending on the infrared sensors and periphery processing circuit, robotics sensitive skin can in real-time provide existence and distance information about obstacles for robots within sensory areas. The methodology of designing sensitive skin and the algorithm of a mass of IR data fusion are presented. The experimental results show that the multi-joint robot with this sensitive skin can work autonomously in an unknown environment.

基于电介质超材料的中红外超窄带吸波器

电介质超材料因具有极低欧姆损耗受到广泛关注.提出一种基于电介质超材料的中红外超窄带吸波器,该吸波器由顶层电介质微结构、中间层电介质膜和基底金属构成.研究结果表明:该吸波器在中红外波段存在带宽为2.40nm的吸收峰;电场主要分布于顶层硅微结构之间的间隙,导致吸收损耗功率显著降低,进而实现吸收带宽压缩;作为传感器时,在中红外波段该吸波器的品质因数可达80.可见,该吸波器可应用于中红外热辐射光源和高性能传感器.

基于热释电红外传感器的弱磁信号智能采集方法研究

对弱磁信号采集受到环境干扰和采集传感设备部署节点不合理等因素的影响,导致采集的信号具有大量干扰噪声,为了提高弱磁信号采集的分辨能力,结合阵列信号处理技术,提出基于热释电红外传感器的弱磁信号智能采集方法。构建弱磁信号智能采集的热释电红外传感器的节点分布阵列模型,结合相位偏移修正和噪声干扰抑制的方法,构建弱磁信号采集的滤波模型,基于信号波形的相干阵列检测方法实现对弱磁信号的空域特征增强,结合多径信号相干匹配技术和相应的多个DOA估计技术,通过热释电红外传感器的阵列节点输出信号的增强和滤波处理实现信号智能采集。实验结果表明,采用该方法进行弱磁信号智能采集的输出信号幅度和相位增益性较好,输出信噪比为45.9 dB,弱磁信号的误码率为0.55 bit,说明本方法具有实用性。

两代天基红外传感器对隐身飞机尾焰探测能力分析

为了对比两代天基红外传感器对隐身飞机尾焰的探测能力,以美国SBIRS-GEO和Next-Gen OPIR星座作为研究对象,通过建立高轨红外探测模型以及构建对应的预警探测场景,对两代探测器在不同飞行状态时飞机尾焰的辐亮度响应特性和模拟成像效果进行量化对比.研究结果表明,两代天基红外探测器都可以用来探测飞机尾焰信号;飞机加力对尾焰温度和外形有显著影响,成为影响天基红外传感器探测性能的关键因素;Next-Gen OPIR搭载的新一代传感器可以在36000 km高度捕获和发现处于非加力状态的尾焰,其成像信噪比明显高于SBIRS-GEO传感器对处于加力状态尾焰的信噪比.

基于LabVIEW的红外气体传感器自动批量标定测试系统

针对红外气体传感器在标定过程中存在效率低、工作量大、易出错等问题,设计了一种基于LabVIEW的红外气体传感器自动批量标定测试系统。系统由红外气体传感器、流量计、温湿度实验箱、采集板及上位机组成。采用LabVIEW编写软件程序,功能包括:参数设置、采集板和红外气体传感器的连通性测试、控制温箱和流量计实现定时保温和定时通入比例气体、采集红外气体传感器数据、自动标定、自动处理数据等。该软件编程采用多线程,保证各项功能同时进行,具有界面美观、运行速度快、稳定性强、可靠性高的优点。标定测试结果显示:系统结构紧凑,运行稳定且操作简单,该系统可高效并广泛应用在实际生活中的大批量红外传感器自动标定。

考虑多尺度纹理特征的红外传感图像频域增强

红外传感图像质量容易受探测器和传输距离影响,导致图像亮度和对比度较低、轮廓细节模糊等问题。为此,提出了考虑多尺度纹理特征的红外传感图像频域增强方法。引入残差学习策略,基于多尺度纹理特征搭建多尺度卷积神经网络模型,进行图像去噪。对去噪后图像进行傅里叶变换,获取红外传感图像的低频图像和高频图像。针对低频图像部分,调节图像灰度和对比度以增强低频分量。针对高频图像部分,利用Log算子和Laplace算子增强图像细节及边缘。加权融合两者处理结果,选取Gamma校正调节对比度,增强高频分量。融合两种增强后图像,实现红外传感图像频域增强。实验结果表明,该方法峰值信噪比高于43,信息熵大于8,边缘强度超过82,对比度熵大于8.1,平均梯度大于8。

一体化大型压铸模具温度控制方法

新能源汽车的发展使一体化压铸完成了从0到1的突破,给压铸模具发展带来了新的机遇。压铸模具是一个热交换器,压铸模具成型中的热平衡问题至关重要。以压铸模具的温度控制为基础,介绍了压铸模具的基本概况与压铸成型加工过程中热平衡的重要性,阐述了目前一体化压铸模模温控制所采用的模温控制岛、异形水路、红外线成像技术、模内传感器、一体化压铸模模温控制集成化等方案。模具温度的控制有利于提高铸件质量,延长模具使用寿命,提高压铸效率。

CMOS红外光源的设计与实现

基于红外气体传感器微型化、低成本和低功耗的发展需要,设计了一种用于非色散红外(NDIR)集成气体传感器的互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)红外光源。它以非等间隔的蛇形钨(W)薄膜电阻作为加热丝,以二氧化硅(SiO_(2))和氮化硅(Si_(3)N_(4))多层复合介质薄膜为支撑形成悬空膜片式微热板,以氧化铜(CuO)和二氧化锰(MnO_(2))纳米材料复合薄膜作为辐射增强层。基于COMSOL软件进行了热电耦合仿真,证明结构设计合理性。采用标准CMOS工艺、硅(Si)的深刻蚀工艺以及静电流体动力学打印技术流片制造了该CMOS红外光源芯片。性能测试结果表明:该红外光源从室温升温至469℃的热响应时间约为41 ms,电功耗仅为138 mW,辐射区温度分布均匀,引入辐射增强层使表面比辐射率提高约35%,红外光源的辐射功率和红外光谱辐射强度测试结果表明:该涂层有效地增强了红外辐射。

钢包在线监测报警技术的研究及应用

为实现某钢厂钢包在线监测,以西门子S7-1200PLC为控制器,通过现场检测元器件、执行元件及PLC之间的控制与反馈,高效、安全地给出有效判断预警和反馈处理。通过分析解决日常生产过程中存在的钢包实际问题,完成了在线监测系统的搭建和功能的优化,提高了对钢包耐材的监控能力,实现了对钢包漏钢等事故的预防,提升了设备维护人员的技能,强化了现场的安全管理,同时降低了作业整体成本。