In order to study the infl uence of the ground motion spatial eff ect on the seismic response of large span spatial structures with isolation bearings, a single-layer cylindrical latticed shell scale model with a simi...In order to study the infl uence of the ground motion spatial eff ect on the seismic response of large span spatial structures with isolation bearings, a single-layer cylindrical latticed shell scale model with a similarity ratio of 1/10 was constructed. An earthquake simulation shaking table test on the response under multiple-support excitations was performed with the high-position seismic isolation method using high damping rubber (HDR) bearings. Small-amplitude sinusoidal waves and seismic wave records with various spectral characteristics were applied to the model. The dynamic characteristics of the model and the seismic isolation eff ect on it were analyzed at varying apparent wave velocities, namely infi nitely great, 1000 m/s, 500 m/s and 250 m/s. Besides, numerical simulations were carried out by Matlab software. According to the comparison results, the numerical results agreed well with the experimental data. Moreover, the results showed that the latticed shell roof exhibited a translational motion as a rigid body after the installation of the HDR bearings with a much lower natural frequency, higher damping ratio and only 1/2~1/8 of the acceleration response peak values. Meanwhile, the structural responses and the bearing deformations at the output end of the seismic waves were greatly increased under multiple-support excitations.展开更多
A tunnel-group metro station built in rock site is composed of a group of tunnels.Different tunnels and their interconnections can show inconsistent responses during an earthquake.This study investigates the dynamic r...A tunnel-group metro station built in rock site is composed of a group of tunnels.Different tunnels and their interconnections can show inconsistent responses during an earthquake.This study investigates the dynamic responses of such a metro station in a rock site,by shaking table tests.The lining structures of each tunnel and surrounding rock are modeled based on the similitude law;foam concrete and gypsum are used to model the ground-structure system,keeping relative stiffness consistent with that of the prototype.A series of harmonic waves are employed as excitations,input along the transverse and longitudinal direction of the shaking table.The discrepant responses caused by the structural irregularities are revealed by measurement of acceleration and strain of the model.Site characteristics are identified by the transfer function method in white noise cases.The test results show that the acceleration response and strain response of the structure are controlled by the ground.In particular,the acceleration amplification effect at the opening section of the station hall is more significant than that at the standard section under transverse excitation;the amplification effect of the structural opening is insignificant under longitudinal excitation.展开更多
Structures behave multi-directionally when subjected to earthquake excitation. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the effect of multidirectional loading on the dynamic response and seismic performance of reinforced con...Structures behave multi-directionally when subjected to earthquake excitation. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the effect of multidirectional loading on the dynamic response and seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge columns in order to develop more advanced and reliable design procedures. To investigate such effects, a 1/4 scaled circular reinforced concrete bridge column specimen was tested under two horizontal and one vertical components of a strong motion that has long duration with several strong pulses. Damage progress of reinforced concrete columns subjected to strong excitation was evaluated from the test. The test results demonstrate that the lateral force response in the principal directions become smaller than computed flexural capacity due to the bilateral flexural loading effects, and that the lateral response is not significantly affected by the fluctuation of the axial force because the horizontal response and axial force barely reached the maximum simultaneously due to difference of the predominant natural periods between the vertical and the horizontal directions. Accuracy of fiber analyses is discussed using the test results.展开更多
高烈度区斜坡震裂变形体广泛存在,为理清台阶式顺层岩质边坡在多期地震作用下的震裂破坏机制,以三清高速路堑斜坡为原型,开展大型振动台试验。引入加速度放大系数比(ratio of acceleration amplification factor,RAAF)研究不同台阶位置...高烈度区斜坡震裂变形体广泛存在,为理清台阶式顺层岩质边坡在多期地震作用下的震裂破坏机制,以三清高速路堑斜坡为原型,开展大型振动台试验。引入加速度放大系数比(ratio of acceleration amplification factor,RAAF)研究不同台阶位置加速度动力响应差异性,利用希尔伯特−黄变换和边际谱识别边坡震裂累积损伤及失稳破坏过程,结合边坡失稳破坏现象阐明台阶式边坡震裂破坏机制。结果表明:边坡具有高程放大效应,加速度放大系数随输入地震波峰值增加呈现先增加再降低的趋势。RAAF在输入地震波峰值为0.6g前后出现正负突变,表明输入地震波峰值为0.6g是改变两种类型边坡动力响应差异性的“临界值”。多期地震作用下,希尔伯特谱低频部分减小,高频部分增加,岩体和夹层表现出滤波作用。水平地震作用下,台阶阴角极易产生动拉应力集中,造成阴角处被拉裂。不均匀台阶宽度边坡的渐进破坏过程为第2级台阶首先出现拉裂缝→上部岩层沿软弱夹层滑动→坡顶后缘拉裂→第1级台阶拉裂并脱离坡体。均匀台阶宽度边坡各级台阶阴角均出现拉裂缝,边坡未出现明显滑动面。模型试验揭示了台阶式岩质边坡的震裂破坏机制,针对勘察设计和施工应加强各级台阶阴角变形量的监测,阴角处可做圆弧处理降低应力集中现象。坡脚处可设置抗滑桩,提高边坡出现震裂破坏的阈值,增强边坡稳定性。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51278008the National Key Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2016YFC0701103
文摘In order to study the infl uence of the ground motion spatial eff ect on the seismic response of large span spatial structures with isolation bearings, a single-layer cylindrical latticed shell scale model with a similarity ratio of 1/10 was constructed. An earthquake simulation shaking table test on the response under multiple-support excitations was performed with the high-position seismic isolation method using high damping rubber (HDR) bearings. Small-amplitude sinusoidal waves and seismic wave records with various spectral characteristics were applied to the model. The dynamic characteristics of the model and the seismic isolation eff ect on it were analyzed at varying apparent wave velocities, namely infi nitely great, 1000 m/s, 500 m/s and 250 m/s. Besides, numerical simulations were carried out by Matlab software. According to the comparison results, the numerical results agreed well with the experimental data. Moreover, the results showed that the latticed shell roof exhibited a translational motion as a rigid body after the installation of the HDR bearings with a much lower natural frequency, higher damping ratio and only 1/2~1/8 of the acceleration response peak values. Meanwhile, the structural responses and the bearing deformations at the output end of the seismic waves were greatly increased under multiple-support excitations.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFE0114100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1934210 and 52061135112).
文摘A tunnel-group metro station built in rock site is composed of a group of tunnels.Different tunnels and their interconnections can show inconsistent responses during an earthquake.This study investigates the dynamic responses of such a metro station in a rock site,by shaking table tests.The lining structures of each tunnel and surrounding rock are modeled based on the similitude law;foam concrete and gypsum are used to model the ground-structure system,keeping relative stiffness consistent with that of the prototype.A series of harmonic waves are employed as excitations,input along the transverse and longitudinal direction of the shaking table.The discrepant responses caused by the structural irregularities are revealed by measurement of acceleration and strain of the model.Site characteristics are identified by the transfer function method in white noise cases.The test results show that the acceleration response and strain response of the structure are controlled by the ground.In particular,the acceleration amplification effect at the opening section of the station hall is more significant than that at the standard section under transverse excitation;the amplification effect of the structural opening is insignificant under longitudinal excitation.
基金NEES/E-Defense Collaboration ResearchProjects for Bridges of the National Research Institute forEarth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Japan.
文摘Structures behave multi-directionally when subjected to earthquake excitation. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the effect of multidirectional loading on the dynamic response and seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge columns in order to develop more advanced and reliable design procedures. To investigate such effects, a 1/4 scaled circular reinforced concrete bridge column specimen was tested under two horizontal and one vertical components of a strong motion that has long duration with several strong pulses. Damage progress of reinforced concrete columns subjected to strong excitation was evaluated from the test. The test results demonstrate that the lateral force response in the principal directions become smaller than computed flexural capacity due to the bilateral flexural loading effects, and that the lateral response is not significantly affected by the fluctuation of the axial force because the horizontal response and axial force barely reached the maximum simultaneously due to difference of the predominant natural periods between the vertical and the horizontal directions. Accuracy of fiber analyses is discussed using the test results.
文摘高烈度区斜坡震裂变形体广泛存在,为理清台阶式顺层岩质边坡在多期地震作用下的震裂破坏机制,以三清高速路堑斜坡为原型,开展大型振动台试验。引入加速度放大系数比(ratio of acceleration amplification factor,RAAF)研究不同台阶位置加速度动力响应差异性,利用希尔伯特−黄变换和边际谱识别边坡震裂累积损伤及失稳破坏过程,结合边坡失稳破坏现象阐明台阶式边坡震裂破坏机制。结果表明:边坡具有高程放大效应,加速度放大系数随输入地震波峰值增加呈现先增加再降低的趋势。RAAF在输入地震波峰值为0.6g前后出现正负突变,表明输入地震波峰值为0.6g是改变两种类型边坡动力响应差异性的“临界值”。多期地震作用下,希尔伯特谱低频部分减小,高频部分增加,岩体和夹层表现出滤波作用。水平地震作用下,台阶阴角极易产生动拉应力集中,造成阴角处被拉裂。不均匀台阶宽度边坡的渐进破坏过程为第2级台阶首先出现拉裂缝→上部岩层沿软弱夹层滑动→坡顶后缘拉裂→第1级台阶拉裂并脱离坡体。均匀台阶宽度边坡各级台阶阴角均出现拉裂缝,边坡未出现明显滑动面。模型试验揭示了台阶式岩质边坡的震裂破坏机制,针对勘察设计和施工应加强各级台阶阴角变形量的监测,阴角处可做圆弧处理降低应力集中现象。坡脚处可设置抗滑桩,提高边坡出现震裂破坏的阈值,增强边坡稳定性。
