The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in January 2015 was registered 71 drug based acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), for which 52% combined. The most common combinations of ASA with acetaminophen and caffeine (45.9%), ma...The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in January 2015 was registered 71 drug based acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), for which 52% combined. The most common combinations of ASA with acetaminophen and caffeine (45.9%), magnesium hydroxide (18.9%), bisoprolol (10.8%), ascorbic acid (8.1%), clopidogrel (5.4%). Comparing markets combined drugs ASA of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, 28 EU countries, Norway, Switzerland, India, Syria, Australia and the USA identified the active pharmaceutical ingredients, combined with ASA in a single dosage form. The analysis of questionnaires 40 pharmacists pharmacies Temopil, Khmelnytsky and Kyiv regions of Ukraine noted that the biggest demand is mono-drugs ASA, Citramon, Askofen and Cardiomagnyl Methods of pharmacoeconomic studies proved efficient use Upsaryn UPSA with vitamin C tabl. spike, tuba in box number 20 BMS (France), Citramon tablets number 6 PJSC "Monfarm" (Ukraine) and Cardiomagnyl tabl. film-coated shell 75 mg in bottle number 100 Nycomed Austria (Austria). On the basis of six State Forms of drugs in Ukraine (2009-2014) was found that the combination of drugs based on ASA is recommended to use of ascorbic acid (Aspiryn C, Asprovit C, Upsarin UPSA with vitamin C), dipyridamole (Agrenox), magnesium hydroxide (Cardiomagnyl, Cardiomagnyl Forte). Some of the standard combination of ASA (combination of paracetamol and caffeine) are not in form. For optimize State Form of drugs by improving health system in Ukraine can be useful pharmacoeconomic analysis of combination therapies with the current official system to note the combination of ASA with statins, esomeprazole, isosorbide.展开更多
先进绝热压缩空气储能(advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage,AA-CAES)具备天然的热电联供特性,能够有效缓解供热期出现的弃风问题。若能在规划阶段充分考虑运行需求,进而合理地配置储能容量,则能够在解决弃风问题的前提下...先进绝热压缩空气储能(advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage,AA-CAES)具备天然的热电联供特性,能够有效缓解供热期出现的弃风问题。若能在规划阶段充分考虑运行需求,进而合理地配置储能容量,则能够在解决弃风问题的前提下,最大程度对燃煤机组进行清洁替代。为此,该文提出了多热源协同互补的AA-CAES系统容量配置模型。首先本模型在能量输入端引入电锅炉预热压缩机入口空气,以增大压缩机输气系数并提高机组产热量;其次在扩展热源端,通过太阳能反射镜场收集光热,以提高系统储热水平;并在计及储能系统各模块实际运行效率约束之余,以运行总成本最小为目标,计算储能容量配置最优解。再次,分析供热时长及环境温度等因素对投资成本回收年限的影响,并计算不同情况下本模型投资成本的回收年限,得出建设本模型可盈利的硬性条件;最后,基于东北某地区供热期及非供热期典型日负荷及气象数据在IEEE-39节点系统完成算例分析,验证所提模型有效性。展开更多
文摘The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in January 2015 was registered 71 drug based acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), for which 52% combined. The most common combinations of ASA with acetaminophen and caffeine (45.9%), magnesium hydroxide (18.9%), bisoprolol (10.8%), ascorbic acid (8.1%), clopidogrel (5.4%). Comparing markets combined drugs ASA of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, 28 EU countries, Norway, Switzerland, India, Syria, Australia and the USA identified the active pharmaceutical ingredients, combined with ASA in a single dosage form. The analysis of questionnaires 40 pharmacists pharmacies Temopil, Khmelnytsky and Kyiv regions of Ukraine noted that the biggest demand is mono-drugs ASA, Citramon, Askofen and Cardiomagnyl Methods of pharmacoeconomic studies proved efficient use Upsaryn UPSA with vitamin C tabl. spike, tuba in box number 20 BMS (France), Citramon tablets number 6 PJSC "Monfarm" (Ukraine) and Cardiomagnyl tabl. film-coated shell 75 mg in bottle number 100 Nycomed Austria (Austria). On the basis of six State Forms of drugs in Ukraine (2009-2014) was found that the combination of drugs based on ASA is recommended to use of ascorbic acid (Aspiryn C, Asprovit C, Upsarin UPSA with vitamin C), dipyridamole (Agrenox), magnesium hydroxide (Cardiomagnyl, Cardiomagnyl Forte). Some of the standard combination of ASA (combination of paracetamol and caffeine) are not in form. For optimize State Form of drugs by improving health system in Ukraine can be useful pharmacoeconomic analysis of combination therapies with the current official system to note the combination of ASA with statins, esomeprazole, isosorbide.
文摘先进绝热压缩空气储能(advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage,AA-CAES)具备天然的热电联供特性,能够有效缓解供热期出现的弃风问题。若能在规划阶段充分考虑运行需求,进而合理地配置储能容量,则能够在解决弃风问题的前提下,最大程度对燃煤机组进行清洁替代。为此,该文提出了多热源协同互补的AA-CAES系统容量配置模型。首先本模型在能量输入端引入电锅炉预热压缩机入口空气,以增大压缩机输气系数并提高机组产热量;其次在扩展热源端,通过太阳能反射镜场收集光热,以提高系统储热水平;并在计及储能系统各模块实际运行效率约束之余,以运行总成本最小为目标,计算储能容量配置最优解。再次,分析供热时长及环境温度等因素对投资成本回收年限的影响,并计算不同情况下本模型投资成本的回收年限,得出建设本模型可盈利的硬性条件;最后,基于东北某地区供热期及非供热期典型日负荷及气象数据在IEEE-39节点系统完成算例分析,验证所提模型有效性。