Fuzzy Inventory Model under Selling Price Dependent Demand and Variable Deterioration with Fully Backlogged Shortages

The objective is to develop a model considering demand dependent on selling price and deterioration occurs after a certain period of time, which follows two-parameter Weibull distribution. Shortages are allowed and fully backlogged. Fuzzy optimal solution is obtained by considering hexagonal fuzzy numbers and for defuzzification Graded Mean Integration Representation Method. A numerical example is provided for the illustration of crisp and fuzzy, both models. To observe the effect of changes in parameters, sensitivity analysis is carried out.

Smart Contract to Traceability of Food Social Selling

Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that control the retail food market require specific significant changes in supply chains in the food sector and,therefore,we need to address the economic,social,and environmental impacts of these events.On the other hand,social selling has increased rapidly in recent years,with a further boom,following current events related to the coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This explosion of social sales,where there are usually no control and regulation entities,can bring problems associated with mishandling items.In this paper,we expose how Blockchain technology supports the traceability of social sales by validating the data provided by the chain participants such as digital health passports,production and transport data in the sale process;the proposed solution generates recommendations on productmanagement considering the agreements previously made by the network actors.To evaluate the proposed smart contracts,we useHyperledger Caliper,obtaining an average throughput of 12.6 transactions per second and an average latency of 0.3 s for the asset update process.We also use a study case to evaluate the proposed project platform’s selling-transport stage using Internet of Things(IoT)sensors.

How to Effectively Promote Online Selling by E-mail--Permission Based E-mail Marketing as An Example

Electronic mail is perhaps one of the greatest inventions of our lifetime.It is having a phenomenal effect on the way we communicate.E-mail is not just a quick and relatively cheap way to keep in touch with family and friends,it has also become an essential tool in business,a fundamental part of the way in which we work.E-mail with fast speed and low cost can reach global audience and become a useful tool to promote online selling.This paper will mainly discuss e-mail marketing and its good functions on communication with potential or existing customers and other characteristics.Permission based marketing,which has common point with e-mail marketing,is regarded as e-mail marketing to some extend.This paper will further discuss the effective format,effective subject lines and words that can't be used in e-mail marketing.At last,the problems and prospect of permission based e-mail marketing will also be stated.

Nonverbal Communication in Commercial Housing Selling

Nonverbal communication is the process of sending and receiving messages from another person through nonverbal channels.On the ground of importance and main codes of nonverbal communication,skills of which are proposed to grasp in commercial housing selling,serving well for the successful transaction.

Fuzzy Inventory Model with Variable Production and Selling Price Dependent Demand under Inflation for Deteriorating Items

The main purpose of this paper is to develop an inventory model under fuzzy approach by considering the effect of inflation and time value of money, to determine the optimal time period for inventory cycle and minimum total average costs. The model is integrated production inventory model developed where;the Demand has a direct linear impact on production rate. The model can be divided into four stages. In the first two stages with original production rate and subsequent change in production rate, inventory level rises. Third stage is time after the accumulation of inventory and before the deterioration starts, where demand which selling price dependent is depreciating the inventory level, while in the fourth stage deterioration occurs, which is considered to follow two parameter Weibull distribution. The back-order is not considered. Hexagonal fuzzy numbers are used to derive optimum solution and defuzzification by graded mean integration representation method. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability of the purposed model and sensitivity analysis is carried out to reveal the impact of change in parameter values.

Probability Criterion for a Dynamic Financial Model with Short-Selling Allowed

Probability criterion has its practical significance, and its investment decision-making is determined by the expected discounted wealth. In a complete, standard financial market with short-selling allowed, this paper probes into the investment decision-making with probability criterion. The upper limit of criterion function is obtained. The corresponding discounted wealth process and hedging portfolio process are provided. Finally, an illustrative example of one-dimensional constant-coefficient financial market is given.

Selling Chinese Films Abroad

THE story of Wudang swordsman Li Mubai is one that resonated with moviegoers across the globe. The thrilling martial arts sequences, sumptuous costumes and sweeping musical score of Ang Lee＇s four-time Academy Award-winning Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon （2000） ensured its position as one of the greatest non-Hollywood films of the new millennium and the highest-grossing foreign language film in Hollywood history.

面向SELL语料库的AI虚拟英语口语训练系统研究

基于当前教育的发展形势下,为改善学生英语口语学习环境,提升学生学习效率,学校及教师要从根本上提高思想觉悟,转变教学理念,创新教学方法,切实发挥现代教育技术和设备的优势,通过科学手段激发学生英语口语学习兴趣,逐步提升学生口语水平与综合能力。本文以 SELL 语料库为载体,探索通过 AI 虚拟技术培养学生英语口语能力、构建英语口语训练系统的思路和方法。在保证学生学习效果的同时逐渐带领学生走进深度学习领域,提升学生口语使用的准确率和熟练度。

机构投资者退出威胁能有效抑制高管机会主义减持吗?

本文以2007—2020年中国A股上市公司为研究样本,考察机构投资者退出威胁对高管机会主义减持行为的影响及作用机制。研究发现,机构投资者退出威胁能够有效抑制高管机会主义减持行为,具有显著的治理效应。机构投资者退出威胁有效降低了股价波动和股票错误定价,从而显著抑制了高管机会主义减持。环境不确定性和管理层自利性越强,则机构投资者退出威胁对高管机会主义减持的抑制效应越弱。进一步分析发现,上市公司机构投资者为交易型、发生股权质押以及产权性质为非国有企业时,机构投资者退出威胁对高管机会主义减持的影响更强;而且机构投资者退出威胁治理效应产生了积极的后果,显著抑制了高管减持寻租,提升了企业价值,降低了高管减持时的择机性。

零售商促销努力驱动下供应商入侵决策

引入由单个供应商和单个零售商组成的两级供应链,考虑供应商拥有入侵能力和供应商没有入侵能力两种情形,构建了供应商与零售商之间的价格竞争模型,分析了零售商促销努力驱动下供应商的入侵决策方案.研究发现:供应商形成入侵能力所需的固定成本会对供应商的入侵决策产生影响,有入侵能力的供应商会在一定条件下向零售商承诺不入侵;零售商的促销策略会受供应商入侵能力的影响,选择促销对零售商来说并不总是有利的;零售商促销带来高收益的区域随着促销效率的增加而增加,零售商的促销效率越大,零售商利润也越高.

技术经纪人谏言对创业者创业警觉的影响机理——基于扎根理论的多案例研究

技术经纪人日益成为科研成果转化服务领域的主力军,但目前对于技术经纪人促进早期科创项目孵化的研究较少。基于议题营销理论和创业警觉理论,运用扎根理论多案例研究法,深入探究技术经纪人谏言对创业者创业警觉的影响机理。研究发现:(1)技术经纪人谏言通过议题感知策略、议题选择策略和议题提出策略促进创业者创业警觉;(2)技术经纪人情绪体验(积极和消极)在技术经纪人谏言与创业者创业警觉之间发挥中介作用;(3)技术经纪人知识基础在技术经纪人谏言与技术经纪人情绪体验之间发挥调节作用。研究结论有助于丰富技术经纪人现有研究,对于进一步选择技术经纪人培训策略、加速科研成果商业化具有积极指导意义。

考虑顾客转移的供应商侵入策略

考虑跨境电商背景下的供应商侵入问题,分别构建顾客转移时的独立站、平台寄售策略模型以及无顾客转移时的独立站、平台寄售策略模型,分析顾客转移对渠道侵入策略的影响。研究表明:在考虑顾客转移情形下,当批发价格较高时,随着非忠诚顾客比例增加,供应商最优渠道策略会从独立站策略转向寄售策略再转向独立站策略;当批发价格较低时,供应商始终偏好独立站策略。此外,顾客转移行为会促进供应商选择独立站策略并促使供应商和平台差异化定价,缓解二者价格竞争;且只有当供应商和平台差异化定价时,供应商的最优渠道策略才会让供应商和平台双赢。

机构投资者分心与高管机会主义减持

文章以投资组合中不相关行业发生的极端收益为冲击,考察机构投资者因注意力分配差异而产生的分心现象对高管机会主义减持的影响。研究发现,高管在机构投资者因分心而弱化监督时会实施更多的机会主义减持行为。作用机制分析发现,机构投资者分心通过降低股价信息含量,从而加剧了高管机会主义减持行为。异质性分析发现,完善的公司内外部治理环境、国有企业性质、减持成本以及高管激励能够发挥一定程度的监督作用,抑制了机构投资者分心背景下高管机会主义减持动机。进一步研究发现,机构投资者的分心效应具有较长的持续性,机构投资者自身监督水平越高,其分心程度对高管机会主义减持影响越大,高管越能够在机会主义减持中获取更大的超额收益或规避更多的财富损失。文章不仅丰富了机构投资者分心的经济后果,为研究机构投资者治理效应提供了新的思路,也为监管部门强化对高管机会主义减持监管提供了重要启示。

主动退市背景下余股强制挤出制度的构建

余股强制挤出制度不是对余股股东股权的侵夺,而是将已缩小为财产性利益的股权转化为经济补偿请求权,故完全符合我国宪法的规定。余股强制挤出制度可更精准地平衡控股股东与余股股东的利益冲突且有效解决余股困境,应尽快引入我国法律。我国宜在要约收购型私有化退市中引入余股强制挤出制度,并遵循“或然关系模式”将挤出确定为私有化退市的特殊情形。应选择更为温和的“单一比例门槛”,并根据不同的股权分布情况设置差异化的挤出门槛阈值。在臂长交易情形,可直接将前序收购要约价格确定为挤出价格。在自我交易情形,宜制定整体主义视角下内外机制相结合的公平价格保障机制。鉴于挤出权与卖出权是互为镜像的一组权利,在引入挤出制度后,卖出权制度亟须进行联动修改。

预售模式下电商平台订货时间与定金决策研究

预售模式延长了产品整体销售周期,这为电商平台的产品订货时间决策带来了新问题。为研究对比提前与延后两种订货时间策略影响下的产品定金、产品价格与电商平台利润,建立两阶段主从博弈模型,分析定金敏感度、尾款敏感度和制造成本对订货时间选择与产品定金决策的影响。结果表明:在延后订货模式中,定金、尾款敏感度对产品订货价格影响相反;在提前订货模式中,只有定金敏感度影响产品订货价格。电商平台预售券/定金策略受消费者尾款敏感度影响。

美食直播带货中主播特性对消费者冲动购买意愿影响研究

随着直播带货的不断发展,美食品类逐渐发力,成为电商直播带货领域的重要细分市场。美食直播带货中,主播具有重要作用,其价值备受关注。研究基于SOR模型,以心理所有权为中介变量,平台声誉为调节变量,探索主播特性对消费者冲动购买意愿的影响机制。通过问卷调查收集有效数据并开展实证检验,研究发现:美食直播带货的主播特性(专业性、吸引力、互动性、可信性)显著正向影响消费者的心理所有权,同时心理所有权正向影响消费者的冲动购买意愿;平台声誉在消费者的心理所有权与冲动购买意愿之间起正向调节作用。美食品类商家进行直播带货时可以从主播特性、平台两方面来提高消费者的购买意愿。希冀为美食品类商家选择主播开展电商直播营销活动提供参考。

考虑用户碳配额的售电公司新能源电力购售策略研究

随着碳配额制度改革的深入,高排放企业日益增加的新能源电力需求给售电公司传统运营模式带来了新的机遇和挑战。针对高排放企业日益提升的绿色用电需求难以满足的问题,提出主从博弈框架下考虑用户碳配额的售电公司新能源电力购售策略模型。研究通过运用Copula函数、拉丁超立方抽样及K-means聚类生成风光出力典型场景,构建了考虑中长期市场、现货市场、储能、碳交易、绿证交易及差异化售电合同的多市场主从博弈双层优化模型。最后,通过算例分析验证了模型的有效性。

我国生产、销售假药犯罪特点及侦查对策研究——以2017—2021年裁判文书为分析样本

当前,生产、销售假药犯罪形势日益严峻。应用统计学方法,运用Spss27.0、Excel等软件基于2017—2021年788份涉网药品安全犯罪裁判文书以及1510名被告人样本的实证研究发现,我国生产、销售假药犯罪呈现犯罪地域性特征突出,数量显著减少,犯罪人以青壮年为主,文化水平特征突出,犯罪团伙地缘性、家族式特征突出,药物来源涉及种类复杂多样,危害后果两极化,量刑特征较为突出等特征。分析得出生产、销售假药犯罪侦查存在以下问题:犯罪主体团伙化,亲密性高致使案件突破难;假药成分多样、鉴定复杂,犯罪认定难,取证难度大;量刑轻刑化趋势致使犯罪屡禁不止。对此提出如下几点侦查对策:深挖犯罪线索,以“三维”信息打开假药案件突破口;加强综合侦查研判,以犯罪人社会关系摸排犯罪网络;组建专业侦查人才队伍,科学设置“预检分流”环节,健全药品保管制度;全面收集主客观证据,厘清各犯罪主体责任,提出合理量刑建议;提高资源保障力度,搭建合作交流平台,构建多元共治体系。

新东方战略转型直播带货的企业生态位思考

本文由东方甄选爆火引入,从企业生态位视角剖析了新东方借助东方甄选实现战略转型的原因。这次成功转型要归功于新东方对直播带货行业竞争力的精准分析与把握、丰富的线上经验、长期沉淀的品牌价值、优秀而独特的企业文化、强大的人才储备和专注员工全面成长的培养理念。最后,本文针对东方甄选的后续发展从优化供应链管理、强化内容创新、打造自营品牌、培育特色企业文化等方面提出了建议。

骗取出入境证件行为的刑法定性

对于以提供伪假证明材料等方式骗取出入境证件行为的刑法定性,存在行政法中的出境入境证件与刑法中的出入境证件混同、对出售出入境证件罪中出售行为的认定争议较大等诸多问题。《出境入境管理法》规定的外国人停留居留证件既不属于司法解释例示的出入境证件,也不可归为司法解释所规定的“其他出入境时需要查验的资料”,故不属于刑法意义上的“出入境证件”。对于骗得出入境证件后将该证件出售的行为,应当将其认定为出售出入境证件罪;对于有偿为他人骗取出境证件的行为,可以将其认定为骗取出境证件罪或骗取出境证件的行政违法行为;对于有偿为他人骗取入境证件的行为,只能认定为骗取入境证件的行政违法行为。骗取入境证件行为与骗取出境证件行为的规制必要性相当,应在刑事立法层面将“骗取出境证件罪”调整为“骗取出入境证件罪”,从而进一步完善对出入境证件的刑法保护。