Arterial Hypertension-Related Factors within Custodial Settings of Southern Benin in 2023

Introduction: Hypertension, a non-communicable disease, is a major public health threat worldwide, accounting for a high level of morbidity and mortality. Although it has been extensively published among the general population, further research is needed to understand the reality of hypertension within the custodial setting. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with arterial hypertension in custodial settings in southern Benin in 2023. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study held in prisons in southern Benin from March to April 2023, involving inmates selected by two-stage random sampling. In the first stage, four prisons out of the six in the southern region of Benin were selected by simple random sampling. In the second stage, the prisoners were selected by systematic random sampling, with the sampling frame being the numbered list of eligible prisoners in each prison selected. Data collected by observation and questionnaire survey were analyzed using Stata 11 software. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Overweight was defined by a body mass index (weight/height2 (kg/m2) ≥ 25. Factors associated with hypertension were identified by multiple logistic regression, at a 5% threshold of significance. Results: Altogether 336 inmates aged 37.55 ± 1.72 years were surveyed. The prevalence of hypertension in custodial settings in southern Benin in 2023 was 31.32% (95% CI [17.06;52.57]). Associated factors were inmate age (ORa = 3.36 95% CI: [1.94;5.85]) and abnormal waist circumference (ORa = 2.61 95% CI [1.27;5.40]). Conclusion: The prevalence of arterial hypertension in prisons of southern Benin (31.32%) is high when compared with the national average (25.9% (22.5-29.3)). The ministries of the Interior and Health need to collaborate to involve inmates in preventive strategies for non-communicable diseases, including hypertension.

Environmental Risk Factors for Stomach Cancer in an African Setting about 193 Cases at the CHU Point G in Bamako/Mali

CHU (University Hospital Center) Point G: The department of surgery B is a surgical department of CHU Point G. The department is par excellence a reference department for cases of visceral surgery, cancer surgery, cardiovascular surgery, plastic and endocrinology surgery. As a reminder, the CHU Point G is the largest 3rd level referral hospital in Mali. Aim: To study the environmental risk factors of stomach cancer in the B surgery department of the Point G University Hospital in Bamako. Patients and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with retrospective collection from January 2008 to June 2018 (126 months). Results: We have identified 380 cases of digestive cancer, including 193 cases of stomach cancer or 50.79% of digestive cancers. The mean age of the patients was 57.21 ± 13 years. Male sex represented 55% (n = 106). Eating habits were dominated by the consumption of tô with potash (cereal paste) with 64.76% (n = 185). The main methods of preserving meat and fish were curing and smoking with 57.51% (n = 111). Chronic smoking was found in 24.35% (n = 47), alcohol + tobacco consumption in 2.59% (n = 5). The low socio-economic class represented 126 cases or 65.38%. Housewives and cultivators were respectively 37.82% (n = 73) and 227.97% (n = 54). 20.20% (n = 39) had a history of epigastric pain. Epigastralgia was the most common functional sign with 84.5% of cases (n = 169). An epigastric mass was found in 72 patients or 37.3%. Adenocarcinoma represented 97.4% (n = 188). Palliative surgery concerned the majority of our patients with 64.8% of patients (n = 79). The postoperative consequences were simple in 28.57% of cases (n = 28), the postoperative morbidity and mortality were respectively 33.61% (n = 41), and 23.77% (n = 29). The overall survival rate after surgery was 10.81% at 2 years and 2.94% at 5 years. This rate was 58.83% at 2 years and 28.50% at 5 years after curative surgery. Conclusion: The risk factors for stomach cancer are many and varied. Some are particularly present in Africa. Delay in diagnosis due to a belief in traditional healers is common in our community.

Influence of Spatial-Temporal and Environmental Factors on Larimichthys polyactis, Octopus variabilis, and Species Aggregated Set-Net CPUEs in Haizhou Bay, China

Set-nets are common alongshore fishing gear used in Haizhou Bay, which rely on flow to catch fish. The catch per unit effort(CPUE) of set-net is affected by spatial-temporal and environmental factors but no research has been conducted on this subject. In this study, we used generalized additive models(GAMs) to explore the influence of spatial-temporal and environmental factors on CPUEs of species aggregated, small yellow croaker(Larimichthys polyactis), and octopus(Octopus variabilis) based on logbooks investigations conducted at 4 stations in an alongshore area of Haizhou Bay from 2011 to 2012. The results showed that all CPUEs exhibited significant spatial-temporal differences at various scales. Aggregated CPUE was high when the sea surface temperature(SST) was 15-18℃ and 20-23℃, which was mainly determined by life history traits of the octopus and small yellow croaker(optimal SSTs 14-17℃ and 19-24℃, respectively). Chlorophyll-a concentration had significant influences on the aggregated, small yellow croaker and octopus CPUEs at optimal ranges of 3.8-6.2 mg m^(-3), 4.2-4.8 mg m^(-3) and 4.5-5.5 mg m^(-3), respectively. Flow through the net had positive relationships with CPUEs. The approximate logarithmic trends in regression curves had a critical point of 2.5 Mm^3 d^(-1), which was the dividing point that differentiated whether the major factor affecting CPUEs was the flow velocity or the fishery resource. Our results from this study will help guide fishery production and improve catch rate of set-net fishing in Haizhou Bay.

Binding Number and Fractional k-Factors of Graphs

In this paper, we consider the relationship between the binding number and the existence of fractional k-factors of graphs. The binding number of G is defined by Woodall as bind(G)=min{ | NG(X) || X |:∅≠X⊆V(G) }. It is proved that a graph G has a fractional 1-factor if bind(G)≥1and has a fractional k-factor if bind(G)≥k−1k. Furthermore, it is showed that both results are best possible in some sense.

Factors Influencing Second Language Learners' Goal Setting

Goalsetting, as one of the most important meta-cognitive strategies in learning, has gained considerable attention (Bruce,2011). A number of studies have focused on the positive effect of goal setting in sustaining motivation, promoting self-efficacy andfostering autonomy. However, few research seems to examine the factors that influence second language learners’goal setting. Thecurrent study aims to address this gap by investigating the goal setting processes of two postgraduate learners at Tianjin ForeignStudies Universities. Interviews were triangulated to obtain a deep understanding. Findings revealed that motivation, self-efficacy,learning strategy, time management can all have influences on the language learners’goal-setting.

INDEPENDENT-SET-DELETABLE FACTOR-CRITICAL POWER GRAPHS

It is said that a graph G is independent-set-deletable factor-critical （in short, ID-factor-critical）, if, for everyindependent-set I which has the same parity as ｜V（G）｜, G - I has a perfect matching. A graph G is strongly IM-extendable, if for every spanning supergraph H of G, every induced matching of H is included in a perfect matching of H. The κ-th power of G, denoted by G^κ, is the graph with vertex set V（G） in which two vertices are adjacent if and only if they have distance at most k in G. ID-factor-criticality and IM-extendability of power graphs are discussed in this article. The author shows that, if G is a connected graph, then G^3 and T（G） （the total graph of G） are ID-factor-critical, and G^4 （when ｜V（G）｜ is even） is strongly IM-extendable; if G is 2-connected, then D^2 is ID-factor-critical.

An information-based rough set approach to critical engineering factor identification

In order to analyze the main critical engineering factors, an information-based rough set approach that considers conditional information entropy as a measurement of information has been developed. An algorithm for continuous attribute discretization based on conditional information entropy and an algorithm for rule extraction considering the supports of rules are proposed. The initial decision system is established by collecting enough monitoring data. Then, the continuous attributes are discretized, and the condition attributes are reduced. Finally, the rules that indicate the action law of the main factors are extracted and the results are explained. By applying this approach to a crack in an arch gravity dam, it can be concluded that the water level and the temperature are the main factors affecting the crack opening, and there is a negative correlation between the crack opening and the temperature. This conclusion corresponds with the observation that cracks in most concrete dams are influenced mainly by water level and temperature, and the influence of temperature is more evident.

The Impact of Small Field’s Off-Set on Output Factor in Intensity Modulated Radiation Treatment

In intensity modulated radiation treatment (IMRT) planning, the use of asymmetrically collimated fields that are placed on central axis or its off-set is mostly required. Output is the main topic discussed today for extremely small and/or severe irregularly shaped fields. The air scatter data are involved directly or indirectly in obtaining the output. Despite the fact that extensive data have been published in many studies to provide a guide on the magnitude of output factor for clinical accelerators, there are very few data reviewed about output factor in-air or phantom for off-set fields. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of these conditions for small fields. This study was conducted in Elekta Synergy linear accelerator which produces 6 MV X-ray energy. The in-air output factor (Sc) has been measured by CC04 ion chamber with brass-alloy “build-up” cap and Dose-1 electrometer, and the total output (Scp) measurements were carried on at dose maximum depth in phantom by the same chamber and Thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) for 1 - 10 cm2 fields. The all measurements at center of isocenter and off-set fields at three directions (X2, Y1, Diagonal) were done. By decreasing field size from 10 to 2 cm2 at isocenter, the Sc value using CC04 was decreased to 5.4% and Scp using CC04 and TLD to 14.5% and 11% respectively. By increasing off-set value, the Sc and Scp values were increased in all directions comparing to central fields. The maximum increase was obtained in Y1 direction for Sc and Scp. TLD results for Scp is slightly higher than CC04. The dosimetric properties of small fields and their off-set should be evaluated and modelled appropriately in the treatment planning system to ensure accurate dose calculation in Intensity Modulated Radiation Treatment.

基于Rough Set理论的判断矩阵构造方法

群决策支持系统 (GDSS)是利用信息技术 ,将多个决策者个人对该领域的理解及个人判断能力结合在一起 ,利用结构化决策分析技术 ,对半结构化和非结构化问题进行求解 .层次分析法是对定性问题作定量分析的一种简便而有效的方法 .提出了一种 GDSS环境下判断矩阵构造的新方法 :运用粗集理论 ,利用管理信息系统运行所积累的大量决策数据来分析各决策因素、决策者对决策目标的影响 ,并建立自学习系统 ,从而构造具有完全一致性的综合判断矩阵 .

基于SET与FAHP的老年人助行机器人创新设计

为应对日益严重的老龄化问题,对老年人助行机器人进行创新设计以更符合老年人的生活需求。对现有助行机器人的目标用户和产品现状进行了调研,分析其SET因素以发现产品机会缺口;为保证创新设计的目标用户满意度,引入模糊层次分析法对调研所得用户需求进行权重计算;结合相关技术并利用Rhino三维软件进行了老年人助行机器人概念设计,为相关产品的创新开发提供思路和参考。

以SET因素为导向的移动电源产品设计和开发

以Integrated New Product Developmen(tINPD)程序中的SET因素为启示,分析了移动电源产品所面临的社会趋势(S)、经济动力(E)、技术进步(T)以及生产商所处的行业背景、企业自身的优势、市场现有产品价格、形态的关系,对移动电源产品进行市场机会分析和方案设计。提出了产品机会是从SET的共同作用下引发的新趋势中得以实现的,而机会又需要被解释为和产品功能、外形相关的具体形式要素,明确产品机会并将其转化为具体的产品在产品开发过程中非常重要。

基于SET/TRIZ的家庭智能蔬菜种植箱创新设计

目的为解决现有家庭蔬菜种植箱产品功能单一、操作繁琐且耗时费力和无法智能控制的问题;通过用户需求分析发现目标产品的机会缺口,实现产品创新设计。方法首先,通过对现有产品的现状及目标用户进行市场调研,分析其SET因素以发现目标产品机会缺口;其次,采用熵权法对调研所得的用户需求进行权重计算,将重要的用户需求进行SET产品机会缺口深度分析,找到产品创新机会缺口和矛盾问题,以保证产品符合用户的实际需求;然后,运用TRIZ分析产品机会缺口中出现的的矛盾问题,将其描述成相应的物理矛盾或技术矛盾,再利用发明原理解决矛盾;最后,结合相关技术并利用Rhino三维软件完成产品概念设计方案。结论将SET分析法与TRIZ相结合对家庭智能蔬菜种植箱进行设计实践,验证了该方法为产品创新设计构想提供新思路的可行性,并为家庭智能产品的创新开发提供了思路和参考。

基于SET与KE的城市管理无人机设计

目的为了设计出满足于城市管理需求的无人机,对无人机产品的现状进行研究。方法运用SET因素分析法,以发现产品机会缺口,从中获取无人机在城市管理中的客观需求。同时结合感性工学的理论方法,将SET因素作为约束条件,筛选与细分无人机意象词汇,选取与感性意象词汇相匹配的样本,提取出代表样本的造型特征,应用于造型设计中,并通过调整造型细节,达到有限条件下最优化的造型方案。结论以城市管理无人机造型为研究对象,表明SET与感性工学相结合对城市管理无人机造型设计的可行性。

基于SET因素的高层建筑幕墙自动清洗机设计

对高层建筑幕墙自动清洗机的产品现状、工作原理、工作过程进行调研,分析其SET因素以发现产品机会缺口;对结构与造型进行合理的优化和整合,使产品与环境更为协调,视觉识别性更强,为复杂机械产品的突破性设计提供思路和参考。

颈椎定点旋转手法在体生物力学量化及影响因素分析

背景:颈椎定点旋转手法属于技术要求较高的力学操作,但目前其生物力学还缺少相关量化数据;且颈椎定点旋转手法的影响因素研究包括了众多参数并且存在差异性,需要进一步对其影响因素进行分析,以完善其相关数据。目的:量化颈椎定点旋转手法在体生物力学参数,探讨各生物力学参数之间的相关性,及研究对象个体特征差异对手法力学参数的影响。方法:选取35例颈椎病患者为测试对象,均为广西中医药大学第一附属医院仁爱分院骨伤科门诊就诊者。术者佩戴穿戴式力学测量手套采集手法力学参数,包括拇指预加载力、拇指最大推力、掌心预加载力、掌心旋扳力和掌心旋扳最大作用力。并采集患者个人特征参数,包括年龄、身高、体质量和颈围。对手法操作过程中的关键力学参数进行特征分析及不同个体特征进行量化,对力学指标参数进行Spearman相关性分析;分析不同个体特征参数对生物力学可能存在的影响。结果与结论:(1)双侧力学参数相比,左侧操作与右侧操作无显著差异性(P>0.05)。(2)拇指预加载力均值为(7.21±1.19)N、拇指最大推力均值为(28.40±4.48)N、掌心预加载力均值为(5.67±2.49)N、掌心旋扳力均值为(10.90±5.11)N、掌心旋扳最大作用力均值为(16.00±7.27)N。(3)掌心预加载力和掌心旋扳力存在显著正相关(Rs=0.812,P<0.01);掌心预加载力和掌心旋扳最大作用力存在显著正相关(Rs=0.773,P<0.01);掌心旋扳力和掌心旋扳最大作用力存在显著正相关(Rs=0.939,P<0.01)。(4)患者体质量与拇指预加载力、掌心预加载力、掌心旋扳力及掌心旋扳最大作用力之间存在显著正相关(P<0.05)。(5)结果证实,颈椎定点旋转手法治疗颈椎病操作中生物力学有一定的标准量值。该手法左右侧操作无显著差异性,具有较好的一致性和可重复性。掌心预加载力、掌心旋扳力及掌心旋扳最大作用力3种力之间存在一致性和协调性,对于治疗效果的贡献是相近的。患者的体质量是影响颈椎定点旋转手法重要的因素。

甲基转移酶SETDB1和SOX7甲基化在口腔癌中的相关性研究

目的检测口腔癌中SETDB1表达与SOX7甲基化水平,分析二者相关性及临床意义。方法收集口腔癌和癌旁组织,焦磷酸测序法检测SOX7基因甲基化水平,RT-qPCR检测SOX7和SETDB1 mRNA的表达,免疫组化及Western blot检测蛋白表达。统计分析SOX7甲基化水平与SETDB1相关性及其与临床病例特征的相关性。构建SETDB1下调siRNA转染口腔癌KB细胞,设siRNA-SETDB1为实验组(si-SET)、siRNA空载体为阴性对照组(si-N)和未转染KB细胞为空白对照组(NC)。检测3组SETDB1 mRNA和蛋白水平及SOX7甲基化。结果口腔癌组织SOX7基因甲基化率高于癌旁组织,SOX7 mRNA相对表达量低于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。癌组织中SETDB1 mRNA相对表达量高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);免疫组化结果显示癌组织SOX7蛋白表达阳性率SETDB1蛋白表达阳性率高于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Western Blot结果显示SETDB1在癌组织中表达高于癌旁组织,SOX7在癌组织中表达低于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);口腔癌组织中SOX7甲基化和SETDB1具有相关性(r=0.324,P<0.05);SOX7甲基化和SETDB1与肿瘤TNM分期、组织分化和淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05)。体外实验显示,RNA干扰SETDB1后si-RNA组中SETDB1 mRNA和蛋白表达量最低(P<0.05),SOX7基因甲基化率显著下降(P<0.05)。结论在口腔癌病变过程中SETDB1与SOX7基因甲基化具有相关性,SETDB1可能是催化SOX7发生甲基化修饰的重要甲基化转移酶,在口腔早期病变诊治中具潜在价值。

基于集对分析探讨下肢动脉粥样硬化气虚痰瘀证的辨证因子

[目的]初步筛选与下肢动脉粥样硬化(LEAD)气虚痰瘀证中医辨病辨证相关的联系因子,为提高LEAD气虚痰瘀证临床辨证的准确性提供参考。[方法]总结归纳500例LEAD气虚痰瘀证患者的一般情况、症状体征、辅助检查结果,基于集对分析的方法,筛选与LEAD气虚痰瘀证中医辨证相关的辨证因子,并按联系数大小排序。[结果]综合LEAD与无LEAD人群,通过势函数可得影响LEAD气虚痰瘀证的主要因子是“痰多≥1分”与“ABI<0.9”,中等因子依次为“头重如裹≥1分”“有糖尿病史”“有吸烟史”“苔白腻或黄腻≥2分”“面色淡白或萎黄≥2分”“男性”“唇色紫暗≥1分”“有高血压病史”“神倦乏力≥2分”“胸闷脘痞≥2分”“心悸≥1分”“年龄≥60岁”,余均为次要因子;研究LEAD气虚痰瘀证的中医辨证因子,通过三元联系数发现“舌淡或紫暗或有瘀斑瘀点,或有齿印”“神倦乏力”“脉弦滑或涩、结代、或细弱”“苔白腻或黄腻”“面色淡白或萎黄”为LEAD气虚痰瘀证的主要辨证因子;基于四元联系数的三阶偏联系数,发现“头晕目眩”“神倦乏力”“痰多”“唇色紫暗”“脉弦滑或涩、结代、或细弱”“苔白腻或黄腻”6个辨证因子总体有向严重程度重的潜在发展趋势,而其余辨证因子有向严重程度轻的潜在发展趋势。[结论]通过集对分析法得到LEAD气虚痰瘀证的主要辨证因子与次要辨证因子符合临床实际,有助于构建LEAD的辨证模型,有助于中医辨证的客观化,从而提高临床辨证的准确性,同时有利于临床对部分危险因素及辨证因子进行提早干预,提高临床疗效。

蒸汽锅炉上安全阀离线校验整定压力偏差分析与修正

安全阀是保护承压设备的最后一道屏障,安全阀的整定压力数值准确关系着设备安全。本文针对安全阀的整定压力数值进行计算和分析,研究表明蒸汽安全阀在线热态校验得到的整定压力值小于采用离线校验得到的整定压力值,并且安全阀实际工况中的蒸汽介质温度越高,冷态和热态得到的整定压力偏差也就越大。本文通过数值计算和在线、离线校验等方式分别对安全阀整定压力数值进行分析,并建立了数学模型,从数值计算的角度给出了蒸汽锅炉用安全阀在差温条件下检验的温度修正方法,用以指导高温工况的安全阀校验工作。

多跨倾斜PC连续梁桥预拱度设置方法

预拱度的设置关系到车辆高速运行的舒适性和安全性。为解决大跨径桥梁悬臂施工过程中桥梁预拱度线形不达标的问题,适应桥梁实际工程特点,提出一种考虑结构自重、预应力、收缩徐变效应、汽车荷载和温度效应等多种影响因素的预拱度设置和调整方法。以南昌某多跨倾斜PC连续梁桥为背景,基于设计文件和MIDASCivil程序,建立空间杆系结构纵向计算模型,对该桥的施工过程进行了模拟计算,得到了各节梁段的预拱度并用于指导施工。监控结果表明:大桥成桥线形高程与监控成桥高程误差符合规范要求,二者高差绝对值不超过20mm,所提方法理论清晰、简便可行。

基于SET因素分析法的学龄前儿童智能机器人设计研究

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