Transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI) has been shown in improve outcome of severe aortic stenosis(AS) patients, deemed surgical high-risk or inoperable, and has grown popular in the past decade. The procedure ...Transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI) has been shown in improve outcome of severe aortic stenosis(AS) patients, deemed surgical high-risk or inoperable, and has grown popular in the past decade. The procedure requires accurate prior planning, and demands an integration of a "Heart Team" consisted from cardiac surgeons, interventional cardiologists, and imaging experts. The role of cardiac imaging and especially multi-slice computerized tomography(MSCT) has been a mainstay of pre-evaluation of severe AS patients that allows to accurately depict and size the cardiac and vascular structures, and has become the primary tool for procedural planning. This article is aimed to evaluate current uses of MSCT in severe AS patients undergoing TAVI, delineate the various measurements derived from this modality and review current literature regarding it's advantages over other techniques.展开更多
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is potentially life threatening condition which requires adequate diagnosis. Since computerized tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) described the presence of a clot subjectively, an objecti...Pulmonary embolism (PE) is potentially life threatening condition which requires adequate diagnosis. Since computerized tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) described the presence of a clot subjectively, an objective and quantification method to characterize plural parenchymal abnormality, pulmonary vessels and heart is needed (in order to diagnose PE). This study was directed to investigate whether the presence of plural parenchymal findings correlates with the PE and as well, it was designed to answer two basic questions based on CTPA findings done for clinical suspicion of PE: firstly, what are the plural parenchymal abnormalities associated with PE;secondly, correlation of PE with the presence of heart changes and pulmonary vessels measurements. CTPA scans were acquired for 55 patients suspected of having PE and another 50 subjects who were considered as control. The clinical signs and pleuroparenchymal abnormalities, pulmonary artery tree measurements, right ventricle and atrium diameters, Inter ventricular septum width as well as the myocardium thickening were characterized and correlated with PE. The results showed that the PE patients group has more dilated measurements than the normal control subjects. The right ventricle diameter changes were found to be significantly related to the presence of PE at p ≤ 0.001. Significant changes at p ≤ 0.005 were also noticed in the pulmonary trunk diameter as well as the right and left main pulmonary arteries with no significant changes detected in the distal portion of both pulmonary arteries diameters. The common complaints from PE patients were chest pain, shortness of breathing, lower limb swelling, tachycardia and syncope. Consolidation, ground glass opacifications, mosaic, right ventricle morphological changes and pleural effusion were present in the majority of patients undergoing CTPA for the clinical suspicion of PE. CTPA is considered as the diagnostic modality of choice in characterization of pulmonary vessels, atrium and ventricle changes as well as pleura parenchymal abnormalities in patients with or without PE.展开更多
Pulmonary contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography(CE-MRA) is useful for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE). Many sites have chosen not to use CE-MRA as a first line of diagnostic tool for PE beca...Pulmonary contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography(CE-MRA) is useful for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE). Many sites have chosen not to use CE-MRA as a first line of diagnostic tool for PE because of the speed and higher efficacy of computerized tomographic angiography(CTA). In this review, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of CEMRA and the appropriate imaging scenarios for the primary diagnosis of PE derived from our unique multiinstitutional experience in this area. The optimal patient for this test has a low to intermediate suspicion for PE based on clinical decision rules. Patients in extremis are not candidates for this test. Younger women(< 35 years of age) and patients with iodinated contrast allergies are best served by using this modality We discuss the history of the use of this test, recent technical innovations, artifacts, direct and indirect findings for PE, ancillary findings, and the effectiveness(patient outcomes) of CE-MRA for the exclusion of PE. Current outcomes data shows that CE-MRA and NM V/Q scans are effective alternative tests to CTA for the primary diagnosis of PE.展开更多
目的评估采用低对比剂用量和最佳单能谱成像进行头颈部双能量CTA的可行性。方法将60例行头颈部双能量CTA的患者随机分为两组,常规剂组30例行0.7 m L/kg对比剂,流率5.0 m L/s,低剂量组30例行0.5 m L/kg对比剂,流率3.0 m L/s。两组其余扫...目的评估采用低对比剂用量和最佳单能谱成像进行头颈部双能量CTA的可行性。方法将60例行头颈部双能量CTA的患者随机分为两组,常规剂组30例行0.7 m L/kg对比剂,流率5.0 m L/s,低剂量组30例行0.5 m L/kg对比剂,流率3.0 m L/s。两组其余扫描参数一致。扫描后重建图像并将数据传到工作站进行分析,进行最佳单能量重建图像。分别测量两组主动脉弓,两侧颈总动脉分叉处,双侧大脑中动脉3个层面动脉血管的强化CT值和图像噪声,并比较两组间的统计差异性。结果在55 ke V重建图像中,低剂量组重建图像在主动脉弓层面,双侧颈总动脉分叉层面,大脑中动脉层面,强化CT值,对比噪声均无显著性差异。结论双源CT头颈部双能量血管成像,采用30m L在对比剂并重建最佳单能量60±5 ke V图像,其强化CT值,图像噪声都已达到影像诊断标准,可以满足临床要求,比常规扫描对比剂用量减少近40%,降低了患者发生心脑血管系统相关副作用和对比剂肾病的风险。展开更多
文摘Transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI) has been shown in improve outcome of severe aortic stenosis(AS) patients, deemed surgical high-risk or inoperable, and has grown popular in the past decade. The procedure requires accurate prior planning, and demands an integration of a "Heart Team" consisted from cardiac surgeons, interventional cardiologists, and imaging experts. The role of cardiac imaging and especially multi-slice computerized tomography(MSCT) has been a mainstay of pre-evaluation of severe AS patients that allows to accurately depict and size the cardiac and vascular structures, and has become the primary tool for procedural planning. This article is aimed to evaluate current uses of MSCT in severe AS patients undergoing TAVI, delineate the various measurements derived from this modality and review current literature regarding it's advantages over other techniques.
文摘Pulmonary embolism (PE) is potentially life threatening condition which requires adequate diagnosis. Since computerized tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) described the presence of a clot subjectively, an objective and quantification method to characterize plural parenchymal abnormality, pulmonary vessels and heart is needed (in order to diagnose PE). This study was directed to investigate whether the presence of plural parenchymal findings correlates with the PE and as well, it was designed to answer two basic questions based on CTPA findings done for clinical suspicion of PE: firstly, what are the plural parenchymal abnormalities associated with PE;secondly, correlation of PE with the presence of heart changes and pulmonary vessels measurements. CTPA scans were acquired for 55 patients suspected of having PE and another 50 subjects who were considered as control. The clinical signs and pleuroparenchymal abnormalities, pulmonary artery tree measurements, right ventricle and atrium diameters, Inter ventricular septum width as well as the myocardium thickening were characterized and correlated with PE. The results showed that the PE patients group has more dilated measurements than the normal control subjects. The right ventricle diameter changes were found to be significantly related to the presence of PE at p ≤ 0.001. Significant changes at p ≤ 0.005 were also noticed in the pulmonary trunk diameter as well as the right and left main pulmonary arteries with no significant changes detected in the distal portion of both pulmonary arteries diameters. The common complaints from PE patients were chest pain, shortness of breathing, lower limb swelling, tachycardia and syncope. Consolidation, ground glass opacifications, mosaic, right ventricle morphological changes and pleural effusion were present in the majority of patients undergoing CTPA for the clinical suspicion of PE. CTPA is considered as the diagnostic modality of choice in characterization of pulmonary vessels, atrium and ventricle changes as well as pleura parenchymal abnormalities in patients with or without PE.
基金research support of the Department of Radiology,UW-Madison and GE Healthcare
文摘Pulmonary contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography(CE-MRA) is useful for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE). Many sites have chosen not to use CE-MRA as a first line of diagnostic tool for PE because of the speed and higher efficacy of computerized tomographic angiography(CTA). In this review, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of CEMRA and the appropriate imaging scenarios for the primary diagnosis of PE derived from our unique multiinstitutional experience in this area. The optimal patient for this test has a low to intermediate suspicion for PE based on clinical decision rules. Patients in extremis are not candidates for this test. Younger women(< 35 years of age) and patients with iodinated contrast allergies are best served by using this modality We discuss the history of the use of this test, recent technical innovations, artifacts, direct and indirect findings for PE, ancillary findings, and the effectiveness(patient outcomes) of CE-MRA for the exclusion of PE. Current outcomes data shows that CE-MRA and NM V/Q scans are effective alternative tests to CTA for the primary diagnosis of PE.
文摘目的评估采用低对比剂用量和最佳单能谱成像进行头颈部双能量CTA的可行性。方法将60例行头颈部双能量CTA的患者随机分为两组,常规剂组30例行0.7 m L/kg对比剂,流率5.0 m L/s,低剂量组30例行0.5 m L/kg对比剂,流率3.0 m L/s。两组其余扫描参数一致。扫描后重建图像并将数据传到工作站进行分析,进行最佳单能量重建图像。分别测量两组主动脉弓,两侧颈总动脉分叉处,双侧大脑中动脉3个层面动脉血管的强化CT值和图像噪声,并比较两组间的统计差异性。结果在55 ke V重建图像中,低剂量组重建图像在主动脉弓层面,双侧颈总动脉分叉层面,大脑中动脉层面,强化CT值,对比噪声均无显著性差异。结论双源CT头颈部双能量血管成像,采用30m L在对比剂并重建最佳单能量60±5 ke V图像,其强化CT值,图像噪声都已达到影像诊断标准,可以满足临床要求,比常规扫描对比剂用量减少近40%,降低了患者发生心脑血管系统相关副作用和对比剂肾病的风险。
