Segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using multi-slice spiral computed tomography guidance

Objective： To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of segmental radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein （PV） ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation （AF） under multi-slice spiral computed tomography （MSCT） guidance before the procedure. Methods： A series of 58 consecutive patients with refractory paroxysmal AF were enrolled to undergo segmental radiofrequency ablation ofPV ostia. The 36 male and 22 female patients with mean age of （57.4±9.5） （32-79） years and no obvious organic heart disease. Before ablation, patients received MSCT to generate 3-dimentional image of the left atrium （LA） and proximal PVs. Patients then underwent segmental radiofrequency ablation ofPV ostia using PV circular mapping catheter manipulated several times to ensure complete isolation between PVs and LA. Results： No complications occurred during the procedure. One patient developed delayed cardiac tamponade, which was drained percutaneously. The mean follow-up time was （17.1±9.3） months. Forty-one patients （95%） experienced improved quality of life one month after the procedure. Thirty-six patients （83%） showed stable sinus rhythm, while 10 patients （23%） required additional anti-arrhythmic drugs. AF returned≥1 time in 6 （14%） patients who underwent anti-arrhythmic drug therapy, but the number of episodes was less than that before the procedure. However, one patient experienced recurrent episodes of atrial flutter. Conclusion： It is safe and effective to perform segmental radiofrequency ablation of PV ostia for patients with refractory paroxysmal AF using MSCT guidance mappening.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in differential diagnosis of gastric stromal tumors and benign gastric polyps,and gastric stromal tumor risk stratification assessment

BACKGROUND The biological characteristics of gastric stromal tumors are complex,and their incidence has increased in recent years.Gastric stromal tumors(GST)have potential malignant tendencies,and the probability of transformation into malignant tumors is as high as 20%-30%.AIM To investigate the value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT)in the differential diagnosis of GST and benign gastric polyps,and GST risk stratification assessment.METHODS We included 64 patients with GST(GST group)and 60 with benign gastric polyps(control group),confirmed by pathological examination after surgery in PLA General Hospital,from January 2016 to June 2021.The differences in the MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values between the two groups before surgery were compared.According to the National Institutes of Health’s standard,GST is divided into low-and high-risk groups for MSCT imaging characteristic parameters and enhanced CT values.RESULTS The incidences of extraluminal growth,blurred boundaries,and ulceration in the GST group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The CT values and enhanced peak CT values in the arterial phase in the CST group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The MSCT differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyp sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and areas under the curve(AUCs)were 73.44%,83.33%,26.56%,16.67%,0.784,respectively.The receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted with the arterial CT value and enhanced peak CT value,with a statistical difference.The results showed that the sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of arterial CT in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 80.18%,62.20%,19.82%,37.80%,and 0.710,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis rate,missed diagnosis rate,and AUC value of the enhanced peak CT value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric polyps were 67.63%,60.40%,32.37%,39.60%,and 0.710,respectively.The incidence of blurred lesion boundaries and ulceration in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group(P<0.05).The arterial phase and enhanced peak CT values in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the low-risk group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Presurgical MSCT examination has important value in the differential diagnosis of GST and gastric benign polyps and can effectively evaluate the risk grade of GST patients.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in diagnosing unstable pelvic fractures in elderly and effect of less invasive stabilization

BACKGROUND Older people are more likely to experience pelvic fractures than younger people.Multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)uses three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction technology to generate 3D images that can clearly demonstrate the 3D space of fractures and detect fractures at a higher rate.AIM To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction in the diagnosis of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly as well as the effect of less invasive stabilization.METHODS A total of 86 patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated between March 2016 and March 2019 underwent femoral supracondylar bone traction before surgery.Pelvic radiography and multi-row spiral CT were performed successively once the patient’s vital signs and hemodynamic indices were stable.Secondary processing of the original data was performed to obtain 3D reconstruction images and determine the vertical displacement of the pelvis.After basic or complete reduction,minimally invasive internal fixation using hollow lag screws was performed.The detection rates of fracture location and classification by X-ray and CT reconstruction were compared.Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of preoperative 3D reconstruction to compare postoperative reduction,wound healing time,fracture healing time,hospitalization time,visual analog scale(VAS)score,poor internal fixation,and functional recovery.RESULTS The diagnostic coincidence rates of X-rays for pubic symphysis,ilium wing,sacroiliac periarticular,and sacral fractures were lower than those of CT reconstruction.The coincidence rate of CT reconstruction in the clinical classification of pelvic fractures was 100%,whereas 11 cases were misdiagnosed by X-ray;the total coincidence rate was 87.21%.The total excellent and good rates of postoperative reduction were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing,fracture healing,and hospitalization times were significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The VAS scores decreased in both groups postoperatively and were lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of poor postoperative internal fixation was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The overall rate of postoperative functional recovery was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Multi-slice spiral CT has high guiding significance for the diagnosis,classification,and treatment of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly.Preoperative 3D reconstruction can effectively shorten the operation time and promote fracture healing,while minimally invasive internal fixation can effectively reduce pain and promote functional recovery of fracture sites,making it worthy of clinical application.

Efficacy of multi-slice spiral computed tomography in evaluating gastric cancer recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection

BACKGROUND Recurrence is the major challenge facing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)-based treatment therapies for early gastric cancer(EGC).Urgent development of simple and easy surveillance approaches will enhance clinical treatment of the disease.AIM To explore the role of computed tomography(CT)recurrence in evaluating EGC after ESD treatment.METHODS We retrospectively recruited patients from our endoscopy department,between January 2002 and December 2015,and analyzed their basic characteristics,including symptoms,CT results,and results of endoscopy with biopsy,among others.RESULTS Among a total of 2150 patients EGC patients surveyed,1362 met our inclusion and exclusion criteria and were therefore enrolled in our study.The cohort’s sensitivity of CT for recurrent GC and specificity were 44.22%and 43.86%,respectively,with negative and positive predictive values of 40.15%(275/685)and 48.01%(325/677),respectively.The area under the curve of arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC were 0.545,and 0.604,respectively.Receiver operating characteristic curve revealed no statistically significant differences between arterial and venous CT values for recurrent EGC.CONCLUSION Enhanced CT has superior diagnostic efficacy,but less accuracy,compared to gold standard techniques in patients with recurrent EGC.

3D Reconstruction with Spiral Computed Tomography in Choroidal Osteoma

Choroidal osteoma (CO) is a rare, ossifying benign tumor originated in the choroid that typically occurs in otherwise healthy young women (1,2). It is characterized by a yellowish, well demarcated lesion in the juxtapapillary or macular area. The diagnosis is clinical and can be confirmed with the use of fluorescein or indocyanine angiography, optical coherence tomography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Choroidal neovascularization or subretinal fluid, the main causes for vision loss, can be treated with laser therapy, photodynamic therapy or intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. We present a case of choroidal osteoma, showing the role of the high resolution 3D spiral computed tomography.

Portal vein computed tomography imaging characteristics and their relationship with bleeding risk in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing interventional therapy

BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the predictive value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.A total of 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension and 28 healthy individuals were included.The results showed that multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging had a significant predictive value for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.The vascular area,number of vascular cross-sections,and gastric coronary vein diameter(GCVD)showed high predictive values,with the vascular area having the best predictive value.AIM To investigate the predictive accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.METHODS This study included 62 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension(disease group)and 28 healthy individuals(control group).The disease group was further divided into two subgroups:Group A(n=27,bleeding)and group B(n=35,no bleeding).All patients underwent multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging at our hospital,and we compared various parameters such as liver blood flow,vein size,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area between the two groups.We employed statistical analysis to identify factors associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and created a graph comparing the predictive value of different factors for bleeding.RESULTS We found no difference in hepatic artery(HAP)levels among the three groups(all P>0.05).The portal vein levels in groups A and B were much lower than in the control group;group A was much lower than group B(all P<0.05).The HAP perfusion index levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;group A was much higher than group B(all P<0.05).The portal vein diameter,splenic vein diameter,and GCVD levels in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The number of blood vessels and blood vessel area in groups A and B were much higher than in the control group;those in group A were much higher than those in group B(all P<0.05).The statistical method showed a strong link between GCVD,number of blood vessels,blood vessel area,and upper gastrointestinal bleeding(odds ratio=1.275,1.346,1.397,P<0.05).The graph showed that GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area could predict bleeding well,with blood vessel area having the best prediction power.CONCLUSION That multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging can predict upper gastrointestinal bleeding well in patients with cirrhosis and high blood pressure in the portal vein.GCVD,number of blood vessels,and blood vessel area had high prediction power.The blood vessel area had the best prediction power,with an area under the curve of 0.831.

Feasibility and Diagnostic Accuracy for Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis of Prospectively Electrocardiogram-gated High-pitch Spiral Acquisition Mode Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography in Patients with Relatively Higher Heart Rates: in Comparison wit

Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.

Preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma:combination of cholangiography and CT angiography

BACKGROUND: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is one of the most difficult carcinomas to manage because of the location of the main tumor at the hepatic hilus and the complex anatomy of the biliary, arterial, and portal systems. To plan an operation, it is important to acquire accurate information about the relationship between hilar cholangiocarcinoma and adjacent vessels. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of cholangiography combined with spiral CT three-dimensional (3D) angiography for a preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS: From March 2007 to August 2009, cholangiography was performed in 13 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Meanwhile, contrast-enhanced abdominal scanning was performed using 16-slice spiral CT, and the 3D images of the hepatic artery and portal vein were acquired. The level and range of invasion of the hepatic artery, the portal vein, and the bile duct, the preoperative Bismuth classification, and T-staging were recorded and compared with those after surgical exploration. RESULTS: The hepatic artery and portal vein were reconstructed successfully in all these patients. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography was performed in 9 patients, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in 1, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in 3. The CT angiography records of invasion of the hepatic artery were consistent with the results of explorations in these patients. The data from 5 of the 13 patients were consistent with those on invasion of the portal vein. The results of the Bismuth classification and the T-staging system were consistent with those of surgical exploration in 12 of the 13 patients. Seven of 8 patients who were estimated to be suitable for operation based on images were curatively treated and 5 who were judged to be unsuitable for curative operation by cholangiography and CT angiography were confirmed intraoperatively and underwent palliative procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Cholangiography combined with multi-slice spiral 3D CT angiography can satisfactorily delineate the local invasion of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and accurately evaluate the resectability. This approach, therefore, contributes to the planning of safe operation. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2010; 9: 186-191)

Different therapeutic proportion of patients undergone coronary angiography in the era of development in MSCT

Objective To study the different therapeutic proportion of the patient populations undergone coronary angiography(CAG)in the era of development in multislice spiral computed tomography(MSCT).Methods Two hundred and fifty four consecutive patients(mean age 59.24±10.65),who underwent CAG at Daxing Hospital from February 2007 through October 2007,were enrolled,160 patients were male and 94 were female.By evaluating from the coronary angiogram,the patients were not diagnosed to have coronary heart disease(CHD)with less than 50%diameter stenosis of coronary artery;the patients to have CHD with more than or equal to 50%stenosis of coronary artery;the patients were performed the procedure of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with more than or equal to 70%stenosis;the patients were proposed to have coronary aortic bypass graft(CABG)surgery with left main coronary artery lesions or diffuse triple coronary artery lesions.Results In the 254 consecutive patients,59 patients(23.2%)had not been diagnosed to have CHD;195(76.8%)to have CHD,of these patients with CHD,49 patients(19.3%)were not indicated for PCI(including the patients receiving follow-up coronary angiography after stenting),81(31.9%)had been performed the procedure of stent implantation,57(22.4%)proposed to have CABG,8(3.1%)the procedure of PCI had not been successful,or had not been performed because of patients opposing to this therapy.Conclusion Multislice spiral computed tomography can be applied as a non-invasive screening tool to exclude the presence of CHD,to increase the positive proportion of the populations with CHD in all patients receiving coronary angiograhpy,to avoid the use of CAG in a subset of patients.

CT及磁共振血管成像诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值

目的分析CT血管成像(computed tomography angiography,CTA)、磁共振血管成像(magnetic resonance angiography,MRA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。方法选取2020年6月-2023年1月广西贵港市人民医院90例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者,均接受CAT及MRA检查,将数字减影血管成像(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)或手术病理学检查结果作为金标准,比较两种方法检出情况、测量颅内动脉瘤瘤体直径与瘤颈宽度、对比不同大小的颅内动脉瘤检出情况,分析两种方法单独及联合诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。结果90例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者经CTA检查后诊出64例单发颅内动脉瘤,经MRA检查后诊出61例单发颅内动脉瘤,两种方法检出情况比较无明显差异(P>0.05);当瘤体<3 mm时CTA检出率93.33%高于MRA 60.00%(P<0.05);CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率83.33%、敏感度83.56%、特异度82.35%、Kappa值=0.548;MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率82.22%、敏感度80.82%、特异度88.24%、Kappa值=0.543;CTA联合MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率95.56%、敏感度95.89%、特异度94.12%、Kappa值=0.861。结论CTA与MRA均可用于诊断颅内动脉瘤,其中CTA可明显提高<3 mm的微小颅内动脉瘤诊出率,但联合应用时的敏感度更高。

冠状动脉CT血管造影及血清指标对冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度的评价

目的:探讨冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)及血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、血管生成素样蛋白3(ANGPTL3)对冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度的评价。方法:选取2022年7月至2023年3月河北省胸科医院诊治的102例冠心病患者,按照冠状动脉狭窄程度积分(Gensini积分)情况将其分为轻度组(0分≤Gensini积分≤20分)、中度组(20分<Gensini积分≤60分)及重度组(Gensini积分>60分),每组34例。对比3组患者冠状动脉最小管腔直径(MLD)、狭窄面积百分比(%AS)、狭窄直径百分比(%DS)、最小管腔面积(MLA)、Lp-PLA2及ANGPTL3,根据受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的诊断效能。结果:重度组MLA、MLD低于中度组和轻度组,而%AS、%DS高于中度组和轻度组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.905、4.083、5.871、6.976、3.387、2.198、2.668、3.505,P<0.05)。重度组Lp-PLA2、ANGPTL3高于中度组和轻度组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.164、8.220、2.575、3.050,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,MLA、MLD、%AS、%DS、CCTA综合参数、LpPLA2以及ANGPTL3预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)值分别为0.838、0.690、0.742、0.801、0.904、0.808和0.807。灵敏度分别为91.20%、91.20%、64.70%、94.10%、97.10%、70.60%和88.20%;特异度分别为76.50%、57.40%、75.00%、50.00%、70.60%、97.10%和70.60%。CCTA综合参数的AUC分别高于LpPLA2和ANGPTL3,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CCTA及血清Lp-PLA2、ANGPTL3评估冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度均具有一定效能,且CCTA的预测效能更高。

老年非典型肺栓塞误诊为肺炎原因分析

目的探讨老年非典型肺栓塞的临床特点、误诊原因及防范措施。方法回顾性分析2018年1月—2023年1月收治的曾误诊为肺炎的老年非典型肺栓塞10例的临床资料。结果10例临床主要表现为胸痛、气促、发热和呼吸困难等症状,其中3例肺部可闻及干啰音,3例肺部听诊可闻及湿啰音。10例胸部X线和(或)CT检查皆提示肺部感染,均被误诊为肺炎。误诊时间3~9 d。10例按误诊疾病给予相应治疗病情反复或持续加重。后均经CT肺动脉造影检查确诊为非典型肺栓塞,给予抗凝、溶栓治疗后均病情好转出院。结论老年非典型肺栓塞患者临床表现无特异性,且大多数患病初期无典型症状,临床和影像学表现同肺炎具有较高重合度,极易误诊。临床上遇及胸闷、呼吸困难且治疗无明显效果的患者,需筛除非典型肺栓塞后,再对患者病情进行诊断,以尽量减少或避免误诊误治。

多层螺旋计算机断层扫描肺动脉造影成像参数对急性肺动脉栓塞危险分层的评估价值

目的探讨多层螺旋计算机断层扫描(CT)肺动脉造影成像参数对急性肺动脉栓塞危险分层的评估价值。方法以2018年1月至2022年12月河南中医药大学第一附属医院收治的185例急性肺动脉栓塞患者为研究对象,根据其危险分层分为中低危组、中高危组、高危组,分别为77、64、44例。统计3组一般资料,比较3组多层螺旋CT肺动脉造影成像影像学表现及造影成像参数。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析多层螺旋CT肺动脉造影成像参数单独及联合诊断高危急性肺动脉栓塞的价值。结果中高危组、高危组累及肺动脉、累及肺叶动脉患者占比高于中低危组(P<0.05);高危组累及肺段动脉占比高于中高危组和中低危组,中高危组高于中低危组(P<0.05)。高危组主肺动脉(PA)/胸主动脉(AO)、上腔静脉直径(SVC)、右心室短轴直径(RVD)/左心室短轴直径(LVD)高于中高危组和中低危组,中高危组高于中低危组(P<0.05)。PA/AO、SVC、RVD/LVD联合诊断的曲线下面积(AUC)值高于三者单独诊断(P<0.05);PA/AO及联合诊断的敏感度高于SVC、RVD/LVD,联合诊断的敏感度高于PA/AO(P<0.05);SVC、RVD/LVD及联合诊断的特异度高于PA/AO(P<0.05)。结论不同危险分层急性肺动脉栓塞患者多层螺旋CT肺动脉造影成像影像学表现及多层螺旋CT肺动脉造影成像PA/AO、SVC、RVD/LVD具有明显差异,PA/AO、SVC、RVD/LVD联合对高危急性肺动脉栓塞患者的诊断价值较好。

多层螺旋CT血管造影对急性主动脉综合征的诊断和影像学特征

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)对急性主动脉综合征(AAS)的诊断及影像学特征。方法:选取2020年6月至2022年7月于阜阳市人民医院诊治的185例疑似AAS患者,在确诊前予以多层螺旋CT(MSCT)平扫、MSCTA检查,以数字血管减影(DSA)诊断结果为“金标准”,采用四格表法计算MSCT平扫,MSCTA的阳性、阴性预测值,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析MSCT平扫、MSCTA诊断AAS的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)值、灵敏度及特异度。结果:在185例疑似AAS患者中,以DSA诊断结果为“金标准”确诊82例为急性主动脉综合征;经MSCT平扫检查后,其阳性预测值为68.35%,阴性预测值为73.58%;经MSCTA检测后,阳性预测值为96.30%,阴性预测值为96.15%。MSCTA的诊断确诊率(178/185)高于MSCT平扫(132/185),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=42.092,P<0.05)。MSCTA的破口位置(升主动脉、主动脉弓及降主动脉)的检出率高于MSCT平扫,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.788、4.000、12.974,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,MSCT平扫、MSCTA诊断AAS的AUC值分别为0.698和0.946。结论:MSCTA诊断AAS具有较高的效能,且AAS多见于主动脉夹层分离和主动脉壁间血肿。

CT冠状动脉成像中钙化斑块特征对血管狭窄诊断结果的影响

【目的】探讨CT冠状动脉成像中钙化斑块特征对血管狭窄诊断结果的影响。【方法】本院收治的102例存在钙化斑块的冠心病患者作为观察组,另选取本院同期接受治疗的80例无钙化斑块的冠心病患者为对照组。所有患者均行CT冠状动脉成像和数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查钙化斑块特征,分析不同程度斑块钙化对CT冠脉造影诊断血管狭窄程度的影响。【结果】观察组102例有钙化斑块的冠心病患者中,共189处出现狭窄情况,其中由非钙化斑块引起的狭窄54处,轻中度钙化斑块引起的狭窄78处,重度钙化斑块引起的狭窄57处。CT冠脉造影诊断结果对于非钙化斑块的诊断与DSA诊断的一致性高(Kappa=0.904,P<0.05),对轻中度钙化斑块与DSA诊断一致性较高(Kappa=0.822,P<0.05),对重度斑块与DSA诊断一致性一般(Kappa=0.541,P<0.05)。对照组80例患者,经DSA诊断,共98处发生狭窄,其中53处为不明显狭窄,45处为明显狭窄。CT冠脉造影与DSA诊断结果一致性较高(Kappa=0.979,P<0.05)。轻中度钙化斑块与重度钙化斑块的灵敏度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);轻中度、重度钙化斑块诊断的特异性和准确率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】在钙化斑块存在的情况下,CT冠脉造影诊断血管狭窄的敏感性较高,特异性较低,且重度钙化斑块存在对特异性的影响较为严重。

双源CT冠状动脉成像管腔强化CT密度值对冠状动脉狭窄程度的评估价值

【目的】探讨双源CT冠状动脉成像管腔强化CT密度值对冠状动脉狭窄程度的评估价值。【方法】回顾性分析2019年3月至2022年3月本院收治的102例冠状动脉狭窄患者的临床资料,根据冠状动脉狭窄程度将其分为轻度狭窄组、中度狭窄组和重度狭窄组,双源CT冠状动脉成像检查计算管腔近端与远端CT强化密度值。采用Spearman相关性分析法分析腔内CT强化值与管腔狭窄程度的相关性,以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)评估强化CT密度值对管腔内狭窄程度的评估价值,采用Logistic多因素回归分析影响双源CT冠脉造影评估冠状动脉狭窄的相关因素。【结果】中度狭窄组和重度狭窄组CT强化值差值均高于轻度狭窄组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,腔内CT强化值与管腔狭窄程度呈正相关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,强化CT密度值评估管腔内狭窄程度的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.842(95%CI:0.756~0.929)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,Agatston积分升高、心率变异性>15次/min、体重指数>25 kg/m^(2)、静脉污染、腔内CT强化密度差值升高均为干预双源CT冠脉造影评估冠脉狭窄结果的危险因素(P<0.05)。【结论】管腔强化CT密度值可有效提高双源CT冠状动脉成像评估冠状动脉狭窄的准确性。

不同的造影剂入路方式在头颈部CT血管造影中的应用

目的 通过经下肢静脉入路与常规上肢静脉入路团注造影剂行头颈部CT血管造影(CTA)检查,对所得2组图像进行对比观察及质量评价。方法 收集我院临床疑诊头颈部血管性病变并于我科行头颈部CTA联合检查的患者60例将其分为试验组(下肢静脉入路)和对照组(上肢静脉入路),每组30例。通过对从下肢静脉入路与从上肢静脉入路团注造影剂进行CTA检查所得图像进行比较、分析、评价。结果 试验组CT值低于对照组,平均CT值:试验组(310±10)Hu,对照组是(330±10)Hu。试验组30例患者图像头臂干、双侧颈总动脉起始部及双侧锁骨下动脉都较对照组显示良好(仅有2例目标血管内CT值偏低);对照组30例可见造影剂在邻近静脉残留,造成不同程度的伪影,干扰成像动脉的图像质量。结论 经下肢静脉入路的造影方案,获得了良好的符合影像诊断要求的CTA图像,所得图像目标血管管壁清晰,对比良好,无邻近伴行静脉内造影剂污染,影像信息真实可靠。

多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影与数字减影血管造影诊断经皮冠状动脉介入术术后再狭窄的效果分析

目的 探讨分析多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影与数字减影血管造影(DSA)诊断经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)术后再狭窄中的效果。方法 选择我院收治的78例PCI术患者作为本次研究对象,纳入时间为2021年8月至2023年8月,患者均行多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影与DSA诊断,以DSA诊断结果为金标准,针对不同诊断方式PCI术后再狭窄情况等展开分析。结果 78例PCI术患者支架共计160枚,经多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影诊断显示术后出现狭窄30枚(18.8%),未出现狭窄130枚(81.2%),DSA诊断结果显示出现狭窄34枚(21.2%),未出现狭窄126枚(78.8%);PCI术后再狭窄的诊断中,多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影特异度98.4%,灵敏度82.4%,阳性预测率93.3%,阴性预测率95.4%。结论 多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影对于PCI术后再狭窄诊断结果同DSA诊断近似,能够较好预测PCI术后再狭窄情况,充分发挥辅助作用,临床将以上2种诊断方法结合应用,不仅可及时发现PCI术后再狭窄情况,而且可为相关治疗工作提供科学依据,同时还可作为筛查冠心病、PCI术后随访工具使用。

64排螺旋CT血管造影在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者介入治疗中的应用研究

目的:分析64排螺旋CT血管造影在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者的诊断效能及介入治疗后进行筛查的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2020年7月至2022年6月北京怀柔医院收治的76例下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者,所有患者均行64排螺旋CT血管造影,并以数字减影血管造影检查动脉狭窄结果为“金标准”,分析下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者动脉狭窄度、诊断效能,以及介入治疗后动脉再狭窄情况。结果:76例患者共有1238个动脉结节,64排螺旋CT血管造影结果中有1170个动脉结节与数字减影血管造影一致,一致率为94.51%,其中64排螺旋CT血管造影高估率为4.44%(55/1238),低估率为0.57%(7/1238);以“金标准”为对比,动脉狭窄中度以上准确率为91.84%,灵敏度为86.91%,特异度为93.86%,阳性预测值85.25%,阴性预测值84.61%,64排螺旋CT诊断血管造影动脉闭塞准确率为98.38%,灵敏度为85.71%,特异度为99.56%,阳性预测值94.74%,阴性预测值98.69%;76例患者经介入治疗随访1年后,经64排螺旋CT血管造影检查再狭窄率为13.16%(10/76),共有168个血管结节,64排螺旋CT血管造影诊断符合率为97.62%(164/168)。结论:采用64排螺旋CT血管造影检查可评估下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者下肢动脉闭塞程度,具有良好的诊断效能,与数字减影血管造影有较高的一致性,有助于治疗方案的制定,且对介入治疗后再狭窄的诊断也有良好的应用价值。

冠状动脉计算机体层血管成像对冠心病的诊断价值

目的分析冠状动脉计算机体层血管成像(Computed Tomography Angiography,CTA)在冠心病中的诊断价值。方法选取2021年5月至2023年10月黎平县人民医院收治的104例可疑冠心病患者,均接受冠状动脉造影(Coronary Angiography,CAG)和CTA检查。评估CTA的诊断效能,冠状动脉CTA病变部位分布和病变严重程度的检出率。结果DSA检查示阳性94例,阴性10例;CTA检查示阳性92例,阴性12例,以CAG作为冠心病诊断的金标准,CTA检查的灵敏度为96.81%(91/94),特异度为90.00%(9/10),准确率为96.15%。以CAG作为冠心病诊断的金标准,CAG检出阳性冠状动脉201例,CTA检出阳性冠状动脉196例,总检出率为97.51%;CTA检查示冠脉主干、左前降支、左回旋支、右冠动脉的检出准确率为别为98.19%、97.50%、97.73%、96.77%;对于冠脉主干、左前降支、左回旋支和右冠动脉病变部位,CTA和CAG检查方法的检出率没有显著差异(Fisher精确检验,P均>0.05)。CTA检查示轻度狭窄、中度狭窄、重度狭窄、闭塞的检出准确率为别为95.92%、96.55%、98.25%、100.00%。对于轻度狭窄、中度狭窄、重度狭窄和闭塞,CTA和CAG检查方法的检出率没有显著差异(P均>0.05),结论CTA在冠心病的诊断中具有较高灵敏度、特异度和准确性,可准确定位冠状动脉病变的分布,精准评估冠脉的狭窄程度,CTA和CAG检查方法具有相似的诊断效能。