基于CAE-TSNE的成品油管道运行工况识别

成品油管道运行工况变化频繁,难以精准判断管道运行状态,依靠现场人员进行识别监控易造成误判。本文为实现管道运行工况的准确识别,考虑管道的物理空间特性,分析整理各站运行参数(压力、流量、密度);考虑管道运行的时间序列特性,基于SCADA管道数据构造运行数据矩阵,以克服单一时刻的瞬态扰动。针对管道运行数据高维度、非线性的特点,利用卷积自编码器(CAE)强大的特征压缩及重构能力对管道数据做降噪处理;利用T分布邻域嵌入算法(T-SNE)对管道数据做降维聚类处理,最终建立了基于CAE-TSNE的管道运行工况识别模型。以某两条成品油管道为例,对比主流的非线性分类模型(ANN、DT、RF),结果表明基于CAE-TSNE的工况识别模型精度最高,对降噪后的运行数据识别准确率可达到99%以上,可用于指导现场管道的运行管理。

基于T-matrix的非线性参数估计方法

全波形反演可提供高精度的地下介质参数空间分布,但传统的全波形反演方法建立在Born近似的基础上,对初始模型具有一定的依赖性.为了摆脱Born近似的束缚,本文基于二维常密度声波方程,在De Wolf近似的前提下,借助传输矩阵(T-matrix)方法,深入研究了逆薄板传播算子(Inverse Thin-Slab Propagator,ITSP),实现了速度扰动的非线性估计.ITSP方法避免了Born级数方法在扰动较强、扰动区域较大时的发散性问题,且只经过一次扫描校正,计算效率较高.二维模拟数据分析验证了本文方法的可行性以及有效性.

T-Matrix方法到经典解析解的过渡实现

对Ｔ－Ｍａｔｒｉｘ方法的极限问题进行了系统的分析：当散射体的边界趋于理想边界时，对于Ｅ波入射情形，完成了Ｔ－Ｍａｔｒｉｘ方法到经典解析解的极限过渡。

基于Gram矩阵的T-CNN时间序列分类方法

时间序列分类是流式数据事件分析和数据挖掘的基础.针对现有方法损失时间属性、分类准确率低、效率低等问题,提出基于Gram矩阵的T-CNN时间序列分类方法.该方法对时间序列进行小波阈值去噪,过滤正态曲线噪声,提出基于Gram矩阵的无损时间域图像转换方法,保留事件全部信息.改进时间序列CNN分类方法,在卷积层计算引入Toeplitz卷积核矩阵,实现矩阵乘积替换卷积运算.引入Triplet网络思想,构建T-CNN分类模型,通过计算同类事件与不同类事件间的相似度优化CNN的平方损失函数,提高T-CNN模型梯度下降的收敛速率及分类准确性.实验表明,相比现有方法,T-CNN时间序列分类方法能够提高35%的分类准确率、35%的分类精确率及40%的分类效率.

基于JAK/STAT信号通路探究重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗毛细支气管炎患儿喘息反复发作效果及机制

目的 基于Janus激酶(JAK)/信号转导与转录活性因子(STAT)信号通路探究重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗毛细支气管炎患儿喘息反复发作效果及机制。方法 选取2020年3月—2022年2月收治的毛细支气管炎患儿156例,依据治疗方案不同分为观察组和对照组2组各78例。观察组予重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗,对照组予乙酰半胱氨酸治疗。比较2组治疗7 d后临床效果及症状和体征消失时间、住院时间,治疗前及治疗7 d后JAK/STAT信号通路关键蛋白[干扰素调节因子9(IRF9)、信号转导与转录活性因子1(STAT1)和信号转导与转录活性因子2(STAT2)]表达及相关细胞因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和组织型金属蛋白酶抑制物-1(TIMP-1)]、辅助性T细胞17(Th17)、调节性T细胞(Treg)水平,以及治疗期间不良反应发生率、治疗后6个月喘息复发率。结果 治疗7 d后,观察组总有效率、IRF9、STAT1、STAT2表达和Treg水平高于对照组;IL-6、MMP-9、TIMP-1和Th17水平低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组咳嗽、喘憋、喘息、湿啰音消失时间及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗期间,2组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后6个月,观察组喘息复发率低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗毛细支气管炎患儿喘息反复发作效果显著,可促进症状、体征消失,加速康复进程,降低喘息反复发作风险;机制可能为其抑制IL-6释放,激活JAK/STAT信号通路,促使Th17向Treg转化,增强机体免疫应答,且调控MMP-9、TIMP-1表达,减轻支气管及肺损伤。

基于T-GLCM和Tamura融合特征的纹理材质分类

虚拟现实力触觉再现对于图像纹理特征提取的要求越来越高,纹理因素复杂且无规律,单一的纹理提取算法并不能准确地描述图像纹理的特点.因此提出基于GLCM(灰度共生矩阵)和Tamura融合特征的纹理材质分类算法.此外,本文对传统灰度共生矩阵GLCM进行优化,提出了改进的GLCM(T-GLCM)算子,提升了GLCM的旋转不变性并减少了大量的冗余信息.利用Tamura纹理特征对图像进行量化,然后将各特征区域量化后级联成一组特征向量,融合T-GLCM的纹理特征,通过支持向量机(SVM)对纹理材质进行分类.实验结果表明,相比传统纹理特征提取算法,本文算法具有更高的分类精度且鲁棒性更好.

利用T-matrix计算非球形粒子散射特性的研究

本文用T-matrix方法计算了非球形气溶胶粒子的光学特性,得到了气溶胶粒子的消光截面、散射截面、吸收截面与气溶胶粒子形状的关系,不同形状气溶胶粒子的有着相同的散射相函数和不同的偏振度,非球形气溶胶粒子的散射相函数对其复折射指数的实部和虚部都不太敏感,而偏振相函数对其实部和虚部都比较敏感.此结论为研究大气辐射传输提供了较好的方法,尤其是偏振度与偏振相函数的提出为用偏振的方法进一步的反演气溶胶的光学参数提供了理论基础.

不确定非方广义分数阶T-S模糊系统的鲁棒镇定

针对不确定非方广义分数阶T-S模糊系统阶数为0<α<1的鲁棒镇定问题,提出了一个有效的判据.首先,利用一个新的T-S模糊动态补偿器,将不确定非方广义分数阶T-S模糊系统转化为一个增广的不确定方形广义分数阶T-S模糊系统.由于增广变量的引入,动态补偿器的设计问题可以等价为静态输出反馈控制器的设计问题.其次,设计一个分数阶导数反馈控制器对得到的增广系统进行正常化处理.然后,对正常化得到的不确定分数阶T-S模糊系统进行研究,得到一个系统渐近稳定的充分条件.该条件保守性小并且形式简洁.最后,通过一个数值算例和一个实际例子验证了本文所提出结论的正确性和有效性.

Method of reverberation ray matrix for static analysis of planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko beam members

Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for static analysis of such structures.In the MRRM for dynamic analysis, amplitudes of arriving and departing waves for joints are chosen as unknown quantities. However, for the present case of static analysis, displacements and rotational angles at the ends of each beam member are directly considered as unknown quantities. The expressions for stiffness matrices for anisotropic beam members are developed. A corresponding reverberation matrix is derived analytically for exact and unified determination on the displacements and internal forces at both ends of each member and arbitrary cross sectional locations in the structure. Numerical examples are given and compared with the finite element method（FEM） results to validate the present model. The characteristic parameter analysis is performed to demonstrate accuracy of the present model with the T beam theory in contrast with errors in the usual model based on the Euler-Bernoulli（EB） beam theory. The resulting reverberation matrix can be used for exact calculation of anisotropic framed structures as well as for parameter analysis of geometrical and material properties of the framed structures.

Degree of Approximation of Conjugate of Signals (Functions) by Lower Triangular Matrix Operator

In the present paper, an attempt is made to obtain the degree of approximation of conjugate of functions (signals) belonging to the generalized weighted W(LP, ξ(t)), (p ≥ 1)-class, by using lower triangular matrix operator of conjugate series of its Fourier series.

康莱特联合洛铂治疗NSCLC伴恶性胸腔积液的疗效及对VEGF和MMP-9及T淋巴细胞水平的影响

目的:探讨康莱特联合洛铂治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)伴恶性胸腔积液的疗效及对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和T淋巴细胞水平的影响。方法:选择2020年7月—2021年12月收治的80例NSCLC伴恶性胸腔积液患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组采用洛铂治疗,观察组用康莱特联合洛铂治疗。比较两组疗效、血管新生指标含量、T淋巴细胞水平[CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD8^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)]及毒副反应。结果:观察组治疗4个疗程的总缓解率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4个疗程后,两组胸腔积液VEGF,MMP-9水平低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)低于治疗前,但观察组高于对照组;两组CD8^(+)高于治疗前,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组毒副反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:康莱特联合洛铂治疗NSCLC伴恶性胸腔积液疗效显著,可降低VEGF和MMP-9水平,改善淋巴细胞水平,且不增加不良反应。

Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases increases in X-irradiated rat ileum despite the disappearance of CD8a T cells

AIM: To investigate their expression and activity in the rat ileum after exposure to ionizing radiation along with that of the cellular effectors and molecular mediators involved in the regulation of MMPs. METHODS: Rats were exposed to a single 10-Gy dose of X-rays delivered to the abdomen. A combination of methods, such as zymography, immunohistochemistry and real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, were used to localize and quantify MMPs and the molecules involved in MMP activating and inhibitory pathways (plasmin/ plasminogen, TIMPs), CD8+, as well as inflammatory (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α) and fibrogenic mediators (transforming growth factor-β1-3) within ileal tissue at 1, 3, and 7 d after irradiation. RESULTS: A marked increase in MMP-2 and -14 mRNA and protein levels associated with an increased activity of MMP-2 was observed in irradiated ileal tissue. MMP-2 and -14 expression was mainly observed in inflammatory, epithelial, and mesenchymal cells, whereas a slight increase in MMP-3 expression was detected in the few infiltrating macrophages at d 1 after irradiation. Conversely, MMP-1, -7, and -9 mRNA levels were not found to be affected by abdominal irradiation. Irradiation was found to induce disappearance of CD8+ cells. Furthermore, we have observed that TNF-α and IL-1β protein levels increased 6 h after irradiation, whereas those of IL-8 only increased after 3 d and was concomitant with neutrophil infiltration. In addition, the expressions of molecules involved in MMP activating and inhibitory pathways (urokinase-type plasminogen activator and tissue-type plasminogen activator; TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and plasminogen activator-inhibitor-1) were found to be increased after abdominal irradiation. CONCLUSION: This study showed that abdominal irradiation induces an acute remodeling of the ileum associated with an increased expression of MMPs and TIMPs that do not involve CD8+ T cells but involve mesenchymal and epithelial cells, although to a lesser extent, and probably even soluble inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators.

基于PI3K/Akt信号轴探究补肾活血汤治疗乳腺癌骨转移的机制研究

目的 通过体内实验观察补肾活血汤对乳腺癌骨转移裸鼠组织破骨细胞活性及肿瘤侵袭性的影响,探究补肾活血汤治疗乳腺癌骨转移的作用机制。方法 按照完全随机法选取6只裸鼠作为空白组(蒸馏水灌胃20 mL·kg^(-1),每天1次);取对数生长期4T1乳腺癌细胞接种于其余BALB/c裸鼠右侧胫骨,接种后标记,成模后进行完全随机分组并干预:模型组(蒸馏水灌胃20 m L·kg^(-1),每天1次)、补肾活血汤组(中药液灌胃36.67 g·kg^(-1),每天1次)、LY294002组(LY294002腹腔注射,50 mg·kg^(-1),每周2次)、补肾活血汤联合LY294002组(中药液灌胃,36.67 g·kg^(-1),每天1次;LY294002腹腔注射,50 mg·kg^(-1),每周2次);每组6只;记录生长状况及右下肢直径。给药结束后脱颈处死,剖取瘤组织,称重,X线检测骨质破坏情况,采用HE染色法观察瘤组织病理情况,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate-resistant acid phosphase,TRAP)染色评估破骨细胞活性,采用Western blot检测瘤组织中磷酸化磷酸肌醇3-激酶(phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3-ki-ases,p-PI3K)、磷酸化蛋白质激酶B(phosphorylated protein kinase B,p-Akt)、基质金属蛋白酶2(matrix metalloproteinase 2,MMP-2)、活化T细胞胞质核因子1(nuclear factor of activated T cells c1,NFATc1)蛋白的表达水平。结果 与空白组相比,模型组、补肾活血汤组、LY294002组及补肾活血汤联合LY294002组裸鼠右下肢可见局部肿胀,瘤体增长,以模型组增长速度最为迅速(P<0.01)。除空白组外,余各组HE染色均可见肿瘤细胞浸润,核大深染,明确发生骨转移;X线检测可见裸鼠右侧胫骨均呈现溶骨性改变,严重者骨干消失;TRAP染色可见骨转移发生后,组织破骨细胞数量增多,补肾活血汤组、LY294002组、补肾活血汤联合LY294002组破骨细胞数量均较模型组有不同程度减少。与空白组比较,模型组补肾活血汤组裸鼠瘤组织中p-PI3K、p-Akt、MMP-2和NFATc1蛋白的表达均升高(P<0.01或P<0.05);与模型组比较,补肾活血汤组、LY294002组及补肾活血汤联合LY294002组肿瘤增长受到抑制,其中以补肾活血汤联合LY294002组抑制肿瘤生长作用最为明显(P<0.05),瘤组织中p-PI3K、p-Akt、MMP-2和NFATc1的表达均降低(P<0.01或P<0.05);与补肾活血汤组比较,LY294002组MMP-2表达水平下降,补肾活血汤联合LY294002组裸鼠瘤组织中p-PI3K、p-Akt、MMP-2的表达均降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论 补肾活血汤可通过抑制PI3K/Akt信号通路下调MMP-2及NFATc1的表达,削弱破骨细胞的活性和肿瘤细胞发生转移的能力来治疗乳腺癌骨转移。

The Consistency of the Solutions by T-Matrix Method with Canonical Solutions

In this paper, the limitation of T matrix structure is analyzed. It is found that a solution by T matrix method can be transformed to a canonical solution when the boundary of the scatterer tends to the cylindrical form and the scatterer is illuminated by E plane waves. It is concluded that a T matrix is diagonal with the scatter boundary in this limit situation. This is also the best result of numerical solution.

Lentinula edodes extract inhibits matrix metalloproteinase expression and increases typeⅠprocollagen expression via the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in ultraviolet A and B-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes

Objective:To determine the effect of Lentinula edodes extract on ultraviolet(UV)A and UVB-induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)and type I procollagen expression using human immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes.Methods:Lentinula edodes ethanol extract(LEE)was obtained by extraction with 80%ethanol for 4 h at 80℃.Effect of LEE on UVinduced alteration on the expression and production of MMPs and type I procollagen in keratinocytes was investigated using ELISA,RT-PCR,and Western blotting assay.To determine the underlying mechanism of LEE-mediated effects,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and activator protein 1 signaling pathways were analysed by Western blotting assay.Results:LEE significantly inhibited the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increased the expression of type I procollagen in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.The phosphorylation levels of p38 were significantly inhibited by LEE whereas it did not affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation.Suppression of p38 phosphorylation was also accompanied by downregulation of UVA and UVB-induced increase in c-Fos.Conclusions:LEE effectively inhibits the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increases type I procollagen production through the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.This findings suggest that Lentinula edodes may be developed as a cosmetic material to suppress UV exposuremediated skin aging.

基于增广Lyapunov泛函的时变时滞T-S模糊系统稳定性分析

针对含有时变时滞的T-S模糊系统进行稳定性分析。首先,利用线积分李雅普诺夫函数和增广李雅普诺夫泛函方法,构造一个包含更多有效信息的李雅普诺夫泛函,使增广向量中不仅包含了双重积分,还包括含时滞乘积项的双重积分。然后,采用一种估计精度更高的广义自由权矩阵不等式方法对泛函导数中的积分项进行界定,从而得到了保守性更小的稳定性判据。接着,对所得到的稳定性条件通过三阶矩阵不等式判定方法转化为线性矩阵不等式的形式。最后,采用两个数值算例验证所提出的稳定性判据的优势。

SiC_(f)/SiC陶瓷基复合材料T型结构件在弯曲载荷下的失效行为研究

为了揭示SiC_(f)/SiC陶瓷基复合材料(CMCs)T型结构件在发动机服役载荷下的失效模式及承载水平,利用数字图像相关技术(DIC)研究了室温及高温环境下T型结构件在弯曲载荷下的失效行为,开展了T型结构件在室温、900℃以及1200℃下的静强度试验。DIC及断口分析结果表明,T型结构模拟件在弯曲载荷下底板首先出现分层,并沿着结合面向外扩展。随着载荷进一步增大,底板和肋板的倒圆位置出现径向裂纹,T型结构件承载能力迅速下降。T型结构件在900℃下的最大承载能力为室温的73.2%,1200℃下的最大承载能力为室温的59.1%。

线性回归模型偏F检验与t检验等价性的一种证明方法

在运用线性回归模型进行预测或控制之前,必须首先对线性回归模型中每个自变量对因变量影响程度的统计显著性进行逐个分析。可通过构造偏F统计量进行F检验或构造t统计量进行t检验,而对线性回归模型来说,本质上偏F检验和t检验是等价的,可使用矩阵分块的方法展现这一结论的原理和证明过程。

Immuohistochemical study on smooth muscle cell proliferation, pheno-typic modulation, and extracellular matrix accumulation in venous arterial grafts in rabbits

Objective: To study the kinetics and distribution of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, phenotypic modulation, and various extracellular matrix (ECM) components accumulation during vein graft remodeling. Methods: Normal vein and vein graft in carotid arteries were examined on d 4, d 7, d 14, d 60 and d180 after bypass grafting with immunohistochemical markers of cellular proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA), cytoskeletal protein production (α-actin SMC), myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms, ECM proteins, and histochemistry (hematoxylin eosin and Elastica-van Gieson stain). Results: Normal veins demonstrated an extremely low level of cellular proliferation and expressed as adult phenotype SMCs in media. After bypass grafting, medial SMCs in the graft appeared to be damaged and began to proliferate on d 4, and subsequently migrated and formed the neointima on d 7. Thereafter, the neointima thickened throughout the 180-day period of the experiment, although the neointimal SMC proliferation decreased after d 14. Meanwhile SMCs underwent a distinct phenotypic change from normal adult type to embryonic type.On d 60, embryonic phenotype SMCs began to return to the adult phenotype, but remain to be present in the neointima for as long as 180 d. ECM components including type Ⅰ collagen, heparin sulfate proteoglucan (HSPG), and dermatan sulfate proteoglcan (decorin) were detected within the neointima on d 7. Thereafter,the accumulation of ECM increased progressively with time. On d 180, a large amount of ECM components were found in the neointima. HSPG mainly accumulated in the superficial and cellular region of the neointima, decorin, on other hand, located in hypocellular area deep in neointima. Type Ⅰ collagen scatted in both regions. The elastic fibers became rich and arranged continuously in the neointima. Conclusion.. The neointima of vein graft was initially formed by proliferation of the embryonic-type SMCs and then thickened infinitely due to ECM accumulation. Prolonged existence of the embryonic-type SMCs in the neointima may contribute to ECM accumulation and increase in the neointima thickness infinitely, which may predispose accelerated stenosis in the vein graft.

利用FRET技术检测不同力学条件下T细胞中ERK活性的脉冲现象

目的探索Jurkat T细胞中胞外调节蛋白激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinases,ERK)活性动力学以及基质刚度对ERK活性的影响。方法利用荧光共振能量转移(fluorescence resonance energy transfer,FRET)技术实时观测Jurkat细胞中ERK活性的变化,或细胞处于I型胶原基质胶中检测其影响。结果部分Jurkat细胞中存在ERK活性脉冲现象,频率约为3次/h,FRET振幅变化约为20%。在抗体激活T细胞抗原受体(T-cell receptor,TCR)的条件下,ERK脉冲依然存在,频率和振幅无显著变化。当细胞处于I型胶原水凝胶中,随着胶基质刚度增加,脉冲频率有所下调。结论Jurkat T细胞中存在自发的ERK活性脉冲现象,初步实验显示其频率受基质刚度影响。而该信号波动的生理意义和分子机制仍有待探索。