Multi-Stage Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Method for Enhancing Complete Artillery Internal Ballistic Firing Performance

To enhance the comprehensive performance of artillery internal ballistics—encompassing power,accuracy,and service life—this study proposed a multi-stage multidisciplinary design optimization(MS-MDO)method.First,the comprehensive artillery internal ballistic dynamics(AIBD)model,based on propellant combustion,rotation band engraving,projectile axial motion,and rifling wear models,was established and validated.This model was systematically decomposed into subsystems from a system engineering perspective.The study then detailed the MS-MDO methodology,which included Stage I(MDO stage)employing an improved collaborative optimization method for consistent design variables,and Stage II(Performance Optimization)focusing on the independent optimization of local design variables and performance metrics.The methodology was applied to the AIBD problem.Results demonstrated that the MS-MDO method in Stage I effectively reduced iteration and evaluation counts,thereby accelerating system-level convergence.Meanwhile,Stage II optimization markedly enhanced overall performance.These comprehensive evaluation results affirmed the effectiveness of the MS-MDO method.

Research on Regulation Method of Energy Storage System Based on Multi-Stage Robust Optimization

To address the scheduling problem involving energy storage systems and uncertain energy,we propose a method based on multi-stage robust optimization.This approach aims to regulate the energy storage system by using a multi-stage robust optimal control method,which helps overcome the limitations of traditional methods in terms of time scale.The goal is to effectively utilize the energy storage power station system to address issues caused by unpredictable variations in environmental energy and fluctuating load throughout the day.To achieve this,a mathematical model is constructed to represent uncertain energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power.The generalized Benders Decomposition method is then employed to solve the multi-stage objective optimization problem.By decomposing the problem into a series of sub-objectives,the system scale is effectively reduced,and the algorithm’s convergence ability is improved.Compared with other algorithms,the multi-stage robust optimization model has better economy and convergence ability and can be used to guide the power dispatching of uncertain energy and energy storage systems.

AOS中基于最优帧长的链路自适应联合优化方法

针对AOS中数据传输误码率高的问题,导致系统吞吐量低的问题,提出基于最优帧长的链路自适应联合优化方法。该方法以系统吞吐量最大化为目标,联合可变帧长,自适应编码调制和混合自动重传请求技术进行优化,根据信道状态信息分配下一帧传输最佳的帧长和编码调制方式,并对出错数据进行纠错和重传,最终提升系统吞吐量。仿真验证表明,与AMC-HARQ和AMC-ARQ方法相比,该方法在保证系统误帧率的同时,提高了系统的吞吐量。

基于RCMFME和AO-ELM的齿轮箱损伤识别策略

针对模糊熵只考虑信号的局部特征而忽略信号的全局特征,导致齿轮箱故障识别的准确率不佳的问题,提出了一种基于精细复合多尺度模糊测度熵(RCMFME)、天鹰优化器(AO)优化极限学习机(ELM)的齿轮箱故障诊断方法。首先,在精细复合多尺度模糊熵的基础上,对矢量的构造方式进行了改进,提出了能够同时考虑时间序列局部特征和全局特征的RCMFME方法;随后,利用RCMFME指标提取了齿轮箱振动信号的熵值,组建了故障特征向量;接着,利用AO算法对极限学习机的参数进行了自适应搜索,生成了参数最优的多类别分类器;最后,将训练样本的故障特征向量输入至AO-ELM分类模型中进行了模型训练,以构造性能最优的分类器,并实现了对齿轮箱测试样本的故障识别目的;利用两种齿轮箱振动数据集进行了实验,在识别准确率和识别稳定性方面,与相关的特征提取方法进行了对比。研究结果表明:采用基于RCMFME和AO-ELM的故障诊断方法能够分别取得100%和98%的分类准确率,平均识别准确率分别达到了100%和98%,优于精细复合多尺度全局模糊熵(RCMGFE)、精细复合多尺度模糊熵(RCMFE)、精细复合多尺度样本熵(RCMSE)。该方法具有显著的应用潜力。

Trace Elements of Multi-stage Minerals and Titanite U-Pb Dating for the Gneisses from Liansan Island,Sulu UHPM Belt

Gneisses with anatectic characteristics from the Liansan island in the Sulu UHPM(ultra-high pressure metamorphic)belt were studied for petrography,titanite U-Pb dating and mineral geochemistry.Three origins of garnets are distinguished:metamorphic garnet,peritectic garnet and anatectic garnet,which are formed in the stages of peak metamorphism,retrograde anatexis and melt crystallization,respectively.The euhedral titanite has a high content of REE and high Th/U ratios,which is interpreted as indicating that it was newly-formed from an anatectic melt.The LA-ICP-MS titanite U-Pb dating yields 214-217 Ma ages for the titanite(melt)crystallization.The distribution of trace elements varies in response to the different host minerals at different stages.At the peak metamorphic stage,Y and HREE are mainly hosted by garnet,Ba and Rb by phengite,Sr,Nb,Ta,Pb,Th,U and LREE by allanite and Y,U and HREE by zircon.During partial melting,Y,Pb,Th,U and REE are released into the melt,which causes a dramatic decline of these element contents in the retrograde minerals.Finally,titanite absorbs most of the Nb,U,LREE and HREE from the melt.Therefore,the different stages of metamorphism have different mineral assemblages,which host different trace elements.

Overview of multi-stage charging strategies for Li-ion batteries

To reduce the carbon footprint in the transportation sector and improve overall vehicle efficiency,a large number of electric vehicles are being manufactured.This is due to the fact that environmental concerns and the depletion of fossil fuels have become significant global problems.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been distinguished themselves from alternative energy storage technologies for electric vehicles(EVs) due to superior qualities like high energy and power density,extended cycle life,and low maintenance cost to a competitive price.However,there are still certain challenges to be solved,like EV fast charging,longer lifetime,and reduced weight.For fast charging,the multi-stage constant current(MSCC) charging technique is an emerging solution to improve charging efficiency,reduce temperature rise during charging,increase charging/discharging capacities,shorten charging time,and extend the cycle life.However,there are large variations in the implementation of the number of stages,stage transition criterion,and C-rate selection for each stage.This paper provides a review of these problems by compiling information from the literature.An overview of the impact of different design parameters(number of stages,stage transition,and C-rate) that the MSCC charging techniques have had on the LIB performance and cycle life is described in detail and analyzed.The impact of design parameters on lifetime,charging efficiency,charging and discharging capacity,charging speed,and rising temperature during charging is presented,and this review provides guidelines for designing advanced fast charging strategies and determining future research gaps.

Multi-Stage Improvement of Marine Predators Algorithm and Its Application

The metaheuristic algorithms are widely used in solving the parameters of the optimization problem.The marine predators algorithm(MPA)is a novel population-based intelligent algorithm.Although MPA has shown a talented foraging strategy,it still needs a balance of exploration and exploitation.Therefore,a multi-stage improvement of marine predators algorithm(MSMPA)is proposed in this paper.The algorithm retains the advantage of multistage search and introduces a linear flight strategy in the middle stage to enhance the interaction between predators.Predators further away from the historical optimum are required to move,increasing the exploration capability of the algorithm.In the middle and late stages,the searchmechanism of particle swarmoptimization(PSO)is inserted,which enhances the exploitation capability of the algorithm.This means that the stochasticity is decreased,that is the optimal region where predators jumping out is effectively stifled.At the same time,self-adjusting weight is used to regulate the convergence speed of the algorithm,which can balance the exploration and exploitation capability of the algorithm.The algorithm is applied to different types of CEC2017 benchmark test functions and threemultidimensional nonlinear structure design optimization problems,compared with other recent algorithms.The results show that the convergence speed and accuracy of MSMPA are significantly better than that of the comparison algorithms.

MBBR耦合多段AO工艺在大型市政污水处理厂的运行初探和实践成效

新建城市污水处理厂或提标改造老旧污水处理厂普遍存在出水水质差、污染物负荷与占地面积等不可调和的矛盾,基于纵向扩大池容会增加建设成本、高负荷运行具有超标风险,因此,急需一种污泥/容积负荷高、运行稳定、操作简单的污水处理新技术。对此,某大型市政污水处理厂利用移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)泥膜共混技术提高生化池有效污泥浓度、实现功能微生物的强化和富集,耦合多段AO工艺,经历雨/旱、夏/冬季,已稳定运行227 d,当进水COD_(Cr)、氨氮、TN质量浓度分别为277.97、34.92、45.95 mg/L,对应出水质量浓度分别降低至12.68、0.33、7.55 mg/L,MBBR挂膜前后的氨氮污泥负荷为0.011、0.015 g氨氮/(g MLSS·d)、TN污泥负荷为0.014、0.020 g TN/(g MLSS·d)。系统稳定运行期间,好氧Ⅰ段氨氮硝化速率为7.27 mg/(L·h)、缺氧Ⅰ段NO-3-N还原速率为3.48 mg/(L·h)。结果表明,通过负载微生物和游离污泥的交互作用,寻求复杂微生物群落功能的强化和调控,可以设计出更加合理、高效的污水处理新工艺。

气浮-微电解-两级AO-MBR-混凝处理果仁类食品废水的工程实例

针对某果仁食品废水果胶含量大、色度高、有机物浓度高等特点,设计采用曝气调节-气浮-铁碳微电解-混凝-两级AO-MBR-混凝沉淀组合工艺进行处理,介绍了该组合工艺的流程、主要设计参数及处理效果。进水COD、TN、TP的浓度分别为3468、59.13、13.23mg/L。废水经过该组合工艺处理后,COD、TN、TP的去除率可达到99.45%、93.40%、99.70%,出水水质优于《广东省水污染排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)第二时段一级排放标准。

分段进水多级AO应用于高出水标准市政污水处理厂工程及运行分析

山东省某市政污水处理厂迁建项目迁建后污水厂总处理规模为25×10^(4)m^(3)/d,设计二级处理采用分段进水多级AO,深度处理采用“高效澄清池+Ⅴ型滤池+臭氧催化氧化”的组合。设计出水标准为地表水准Ⅳ类,其中TN<15 mg/L。2022年山东省发布《山东省城市排水“两个清零、一个提标”工作方案》,要求城市污水处理厂出水标准达到地表水准Ⅳ类,其中TN控制在10 mg/L。工程未实施工程性改造,即实现了新的排放标准。

简易双边跨关节外固定架对AO43C型Pilon骨折早期固定的疗效

目的探讨简易双边跨关节外固定架对AO43C型Pilon骨折早期固定的疗效。方法选取2021年3月至2022年4月在杭州市富阳中医骨伤医院手术的56例AO43C型Pilon骨折患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为简易双边跨关节外固定架组(简易外架组)和单边外固定支架组(单边外架组),每组28例。Ⅰ期临时固定时,简易外架组在跟骨和胫骨结节处置入斯氏针,安装连杆,组装成简易双边跨关节外固定架进行临时固定;单边外架组采用常规单边跨关节外固定架进行临时固定。观察并比较两组患者Ⅰ期手术时间、Ⅱ期手术时间、消肿时间及住院时间,围术期并发症发生情况及术后随访1年时足踝功能恢复情况[采用美国骨科踝-后足评分(AOFAS)评估]和骨折复位情况(采用Burwell-Charnley骨折复位评价系统评估)。结果简易外架组患者Ⅰ期手术时间明显少于单边外架组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);但两组患者Ⅱ期手术时间、消肿时间、住院时间、围术期并发症发生率、随访1年时AOFAS评分及Burwell-Charnley骨折复位优良率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论与单边外固定支架相比,简易双边跨关节外固定支架不增加围术期并发症发生率及住院时间,不影响术后恢复,且操作简便、费用低廉,可安全应用于复杂Pilon骨折。

优化污泥回流方式对多级AO-MBR工艺的影响

采用处理水量为0.15 m^(3)/h的中试装置,开展多级AO-MBR工艺处理低C/N城市污水试验研究,通过优化污泥回流方式、溶解氧及污泥浓度控制等措施,降低高溶解氧污泥回流对前端生化池的影响,实现出水水质达到地表水准Ⅳ类标准(TN除外)。结果表明,在耦合MBR工艺的形式下,经过生化池多级回流能显著保证各反应区的溶解氧环境,保持各反应区的污泥浓度平衡,进一步提高出水水质。在水温低于12℃、进水TN质量浓度为23~33 mg/L时,采用回流方式4能稳定保证TN去除率达到60%以上,实现出水TN质量浓度达到10 mg/L左右;进水TP质量浓度为2~4 mg/L时,TP去除率达到85%以上,实现出水TP质量浓度低于0.3 mg/L的要求。

基于GJO特征量优选的AO-RF的变压器故障诊断模型

在变压器故障诊断过程中,进行合理的特征优选,将有助于提高诊断模型的诊断精度,为此,文中提出了一种基于金豺优化算法(golden Jackal optimization,GJO)特征量优选与AO-RF的变压器故障诊断模型。首先,采用GJO对构建的21维变压器油中溶解气体特征量进行优选;然后,根据GJO得到的特征优选结果,采用天鹰算法(aquila optimizer,AO)优化随机森林(random forest,RF)的变压器故障诊断模型对变压器故障进行诊断,并与不同特征量、不同故障诊断模型的诊断结果进行了对比。实验结果表明:GJO优选特征量相比21维原始特征、三比值法、无编码比值法以及AO优选特征量的故障诊断准确率可提高1.12%~25.78%,kappa系数可提高0.02~0.24;AO-RF故障诊断模型较RF、SVM、ELM、SSA-RF、WOA-RF、GJO-RF模型的诊断准确率可提高1.84%~15.86%,kappa系数可提高0.02~0.16,验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。

两级AO-臭氧催化氧化-后置反硝化-BAF工艺处理焦化废水工程实例

焦化废水污染物成分复杂,难生物降解污染物占比大,某工程项目设计采用两级AO-臭氧催化氧化-后置反硝化-BAF工艺处理焦化废水,介绍了该工程的工艺流程及特点、设计参数和运行效果。运行结果表明,在系统来水COD质量浓度为5746~7283 mg/L,氨氮质量浓度为91.4~130.1 mg/L时,处理出水COD质量浓度为40~55 mg/L,氨氮质量浓度小于2 mg/L,出水稳定达到设计目标,有利于后续膜回用系统的正常运行。

水解酸化+A2/O+AO+芬顿氧化工艺处理工业园区污水

针对工业园区的污水排放企业种类较多、进水水量水质波动较大、污染物复杂且可生化性差、排放标准高的特征,以浙江省德清县某工业园区实际污水处理工程为对象,分析了水解酸化+A2/O+AO+芬顿氧化工艺处理以印染、食品制造、金属加工企业为主的废水排放的技术经济可行性.实践结果显示,出水水质的COD、NH_(3)-N、TN及TP能稳定达到《城镇污水处理厂主要染物排放标准》(DB33/2169—2018)中的限值,其余指标达到《城镇污水处理厂染物排放标准》(GB18918—2002)的一级A标准;工程投资金额为8200元/m^(3),实际直接运行成本为2.39元/m^(3).

AO+芬顿反应池+BAC组合工艺处理电厂循环外排水的应用

某电厂循环外排水主要来源于电厂循环水系统中凝汽器不断循环,使机组降温的水。有可生化性较差、有机物浓度较低、硬度较大等特点,某电厂的综合污水处理厂采用AO+芬顿反应池+BAC组合工艺处理此污水,出水水质执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级A排放标准,结果显示,AO+芬顿反应池+BAC组合工艺能使出水稳定达到标准。

基于AO消毒工艺的医院污水处理技术分析

AO消毒工艺作为处理医院污水的常用工艺,可以通过在各工艺单元增设相关辅助系统有效提高处理效果。本文通过试验结合工艺应用数据,明确了在调节池、缺氧和好氧池以及消毒池增设搅拌器等设备对污水指标的去除效果。结果表明,不同工艺单元的优化措施仅对提高某些指标的去除率有效。实际运行数据表明,增加辅助搅拌和曝气系统能保证出水达标。人工是运行的最大支出,因此未来应用这项工艺可考虑减少人员配置。

MABR-AO耦合工艺处理乡镇低C/N比生活污水效果研究

本研究针对村镇生活污水低碳氮比导致碳源不足、硝化-反硝化工艺动能不足、脱氮难度高导致脱氮效果不理想的问题,通过设计搭建膜曝气生物反应器(MABR)与传统AO工艺的耦合工艺系统,对村镇进水条件下的挂膜启动,处理低碳氮比(COD/TN为4、3、2、1、0.5)污水,并对两种活性污泥的生物多样性检测分析。结果表明,MABR挂膜周期约30天,系统达到较为稳定的污染物去除效果;在低碳氮比进水条件下,MABR-AO耦合工艺比AO工艺有更好的脱氮能力,总氮(TN)平均去除率相比AO工艺提高17.9%;MABR生物膜中OUTs更高,且脱氮类微生物占比高于AO工艺活性污泥,是脱氮能力更强的主要原因。该工艺运维简单,低碳氮比条件下总氮去除能力较强。

AO-MBBR-MBR工艺在造纸废水深度处理中的中试应用

针对目前造纸行业废水生化处理工艺运行效果差、不稳定的问题,采用处理工艺为AO-MBBR-MBR的中试设备处理造纸废水,研究中试设备处理造纸废水过程中的污泥量变化、COD_(Cr)和TN去除效果。结果表明:M BBR填料为微生物提供良好的聚集场所,有利于形成体积较大的菌胶团,提高了好氧区污泥浓度。系统运行稳定后,COD_(Cr)及TN的去除率均在90%以上,出水CODCr和TN满足《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)中的Ⅳ标准。

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定治疗AO-C型肱骨远端骨折的效果及对肘肩关节功能、肌力恢复的影响

目的探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定治疗AO-C型肱骨远端骨折的临床效果。方法选取2019年5月至2021年5月我院收治的90例AO-C型肱骨远端骨折患者,以数字随机法将其分为对照组和观察组,各45例。对照组行肱三头肌两侧入路双钢板内固定手术,观察组行经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定手术。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的治疗优良率高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后3个月,观察组的Mayo肘关节功能评分(MEPS)、Neer评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后3个月,观察组的肘屈曲、伸展60°峰力矩(PT)大于对照组,肘屈曲、伸展180°到达峰力矩时间(TPT)短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板内固定治疗AO-C型肱骨远端骨折可提高效果,有效促进患者肘肩关节功能改善和肌力恢复。