Research on power electronic transformer applied in AC/DC hybrid distribution networks

The AC/DC hybrid distribution network is one of the trends in distribution network development, which poses great challenges to the traditional distribution transformer. In this paper, a new topology suitable for AC/DC hybrid distribution network is put forward according to the demands of power grid, with advantages of accepting DG and DC loads, while clearing DC fault by blocking the clamping double sub-module(CDSM) of input stage. Then, this paper shows the typical structure of AC/DC distribution network that is hand in hand. Based on the new topology, this paper designs the control and modulation strategies of each stage, where the outer loop controller of input stage is emphasized for its twocontrol mode. At last, the rationality of new topology and the validity of control strategies are verified by the steady and dynamic state simulation. At the same time, the simulation results highlight the role of PET in energy regulation.

Operation Control Method of Relay Protection in Flexible DC Distribution Network Compatible with Distributed Power Supply

A novel operation control method for relay protection in flexible DC distribution networks with distributed power supply is proposed to address the issue of inaccurate fault location during relay protection,leading to poor performance.The method combines a fault-tolerant fault location method based on long-term and short-term memory networks to accurately locate the fault section.Then,an operation control method for relay protection based on adaptive weight and whale optimization algorithm(WOA)is used to construct an objective function considering the shortest relay protection action time and the smallest impulse current.The adaptive weight and WOA are employed to obtain the optimal strategy for relay protection operation control,reducing the action time and impulse current.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately locating faults and improving relay protection performance.The longest operation time is reduced by 4.7023 s,and the maximum impulse current is limited to 0.3 A,effectively controlling the impact of large impulse currents and enhancing control efficiency.

Multi-converter Approach to Higher Power Density DC-DC Converter for 380 V DC Distribution System

Multi-converter approach based on the series and parallel connection topology of modular power converters has been proposed to realize higher power density DC-DC converter. The availability of the proposed approach has been verified through the design consideration and the experiment. The design consideration for two DC-DC converters has been carried out by utilizing the power converter exact loss simulator, and the design parameters to maximize their power densities have been extracted taking the trade-off between the conversion efficiency and the power density into account. The prototypes of a 2,400 W, 256-384 V boost chopper using SiC-MOSFETs and a 300 W, 32-48 V GaN-FETs boost chopper have been also developed based on the design. The SiC chopper achieved the efficiency of 97.8% and the power density of 12,8 W/cm3, and the GaN chopper accomplished 98.9% and 18.6 W/cm3 in the experiment. These results show the validity of the design and the availability of the proposed approach. The multi-converter approach enables the cost reduction of the modular power converters, and contributes to realizing the widespread use of power electronics converters in the future 380 V DC distribution system.

The Security Correction of Large Consumers Long-Term Direct Power Trading Based on DC Power Transfer Distribution Factor

The experiments of large consumers direct power trading is conducting in china nationwide, and it’s important to the reform of electricity market. To compensated efficiencies in security correction of large consumers direct power trading, a novel security correction method based on DC power transfer distribution factor was proposed. Using the presented method to comply security correction, all the transactions that satisfy the specific requirements of maximizing social welfare are able to enter security correction process, and when the power of transmission line is out of limit, this method avoid the transaction which causes this problem is abandoned directly by introducing supplement transactions. The simulation has shown that the proposed security correction method of large consumers direct power trading based on DC power transfer distribution factor is effective.

Design Consideration for High Power Density GaN Buck-Rectifier in ISOP-IPOS Converter based dc Distribution, System

GaN （gallium nitride） buck-rectifier has been proposed to realize high power density ISOP （input series and output parallel）-IPOS （input parallel and output series） converter-based dc distribution system. The ultra-low loss bi-directional switch can be developed by the GaN power device because of the low on-resistance, the high-speed switching behavior and its own device structure. The buck-rectifier using the GaN bi-directional switches has the potential to achieve higher power density than the commonly utilized boost-rectifier. Availability of the GaN-HEMT （high electron mobility transistor） for the buck rectifier has been verified taking the theoretical limit of the on-resistance and the switching loss energy into account. Design consideration for a high power density buck-rectifier has been also conducted and the application effect of the GaN bidirectional switches has been evaluated quantitatively. The ISOP-IPOS converter-based dc （direct current） distribution system takes full advantage of the buck-rectifier and the rectifier using GaN devices contributes to realizing higher power density dc distribution system.

边缘DC一体化电力模块方案的研究

随着5G、物联网等技术的普及和应用,边缘数据中心(Data Center,DC)的需求将不断增长,未来,边缘DC将向小型化、智能化、绿色化的方向发展。一体化电力模块凭借其部署周期短、占地面积小、高效省电、智能管理以及运行安全等优势,将成为边缘DC供配电系统的建设可行方案之一。对一体化电力模块进行介绍,同时以某边缘DC实际工程项目设计为例,对边缘DC一体化电力模块设计方案和高低压柜+不间断电源(Uninterruptible Power Supply,UPS)设计方案进行对比分析,为相关领域的研究人员和实践者提供参考。

基于三电平DC/DC变换器的混合储能系统控制策略

针对城轨交通电压等级高、能量流动大以及启动制动频繁等问题,提出一种基于三电平DC/DC变换器的混合储能系统控制策略。能量型储能装置通过并联扩容以满足高能量需求并起到维持直流牵引母线电压稳定的作用,功率型储能装置满足启动制动工况下的高功率需求并起到提高动态响应特性的作用。采用低通滤波器实现EESD和PESD的指令功率分配,采用下垂控制实现多组线路阻抗不同的EESD的功率均分,采用电压补偿控制减小直流牵引母线电压的控制误差。最后,在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台上进行了充放电、启动制动、轻载重载等工况下的仿真实验,验证了该控制方案的可行性和有效性。

Integrated Power Conversion for Multiple DC Voltage Sources and Its Power Quality

In a smart grid, electric loads are supplied by various DC （direct current） power sources, such as solar cells or batteries. On the other hand, traditional AC （alternating current） loads like a directly connected induction motors will also be used. In the circumstances, a smart power conversion unit is one of key components, which can integrate these DC or AC apparatus and trade power among them. Authors have developed an integrated power converter based on a well-known circuit topology of flying capacitor multilevel converter. This paper describes the detail of the circuit topology and its characteristics depending on designed parameters. The achieved power quality is also verified by simulation study.

多因子制约下的MMC-MTDC功率均衡控制策略

传统下垂控制无法保证系统受到风场功率波动后不平衡功率的准确分配和直流电压的稳定,需要对产生该问题的原因进行分析并解决。针对此现状,首先通过建立换流站的数学模型,分析风场功率波动对下垂特性的影响。然后通过多端柔性直流输电等效电路模型,分析线路阻抗对电压波动的影响,并引入功率分配权值系数以稳定直流电压。同时考虑不同风速波动场景下换流站的实时功率裕度,避免换流站满载。基于以上分析,提出一种改进的自适应下垂控制策略,能自适应修正下垂曲线系数,使得换流站在保证电压稳定的前提下将U-P特性曲线向最优功率分配逼近。最后,在PSCAD上搭建了包含风电场在内的三端MMC-MTDC系统模型,仿真结果表明改进下垂控制策略的有效性。

DCS网络安全维护在电力系统监控中的关键技术研究与应用

随着信息技术的不断发展和普及,电力系统监控与控制逐渐向数字化、自动化以及智能化方向发展。同时,网络安全面临的挑战日益严峻。电力系统作为关乎国家经济安全和民生福祉的重要基础设施,其安全稳定运行对于社会的正常运转至关重要。分布式控制系统(Distributed Control System,DCS)作为电力系统监控与控制的核心系统,承担着实时监测、数据采集以及远程控制等重要任务,其安全性直接关系到整个电力系统的安全和稳定运行。文章从DCS网络安全维护的角度出发,探讨在电力系统监控与控制中的关键技术和应用策略。

基于SDN技术的火电厂DCS后台控制系统优化研究

为解决传统分散控制系统(Distributed Control System,DCS)存在的响应延迟、故障恢复慢以及安全防护能力不足等问题,文章基于软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking,SDN)技术设计并实现了火电厂DCS后台控制系统。通过介绍SDN技术与火电厂DCS系统,设计基于SDN技术的DCS系统架构,重点阐述实时控制反馈模块、故障检测恢复模块以及网络安全防护模块的具体设计与功能实现。通过实验分析,验证了基于SDN技术的优化方案在提高系统响应速度、增强故障恢复能力以及提升网络安全性方面的显著效果。

构网型单元异常下的孤岛交直流混合微电网群分布式协同控制策略

当构网型单元处于限功率运行与故障等工况下,传统孤岛交直流混合微电网群分布式协同控制方法易造成交流子微网母线电压与频率失去支撑,进而导致系统失稳.为解决上述问题,本文提出了一种面向构网型单元限功率运行与故障工况的孤岛交直流混合微电网群分布式协同控制策略.当子微网构网型单元处于限功率运行或故障工况时,首先,在构网型单元异常子微网变换器控制层,构网型单元将输出功率钳位于最大值或退出运行,跟网型单元通过与互联变换器进行二次协同控制,实现功率的合理分配;其次,在网间互联变换器控制层,与构网型单元异常子微网相连的互联变换器转为构网型控制模式,为构网型单元异常子微网提供母线电压与频率支撑,其余互联变换器按照正常子微网自身剩余容量分担构网型单元异常子微网所需的支撑功率.多工况下的仿真结果表明,当负荷连续增加,构网型单元处于限功率运行工况时,所提分布式协同控制策略可通过网间互联变换器的变模式运行,实现构网型单元异常子微网交流母线电压与频率的快速恢复、跟网型单元输出功率的精准分配;当构网型单元处于故障工况时,所提分布式协同控制策略可以有效解决构网型单元异常子微网因交流母线电压与频率失去支撑导致的失稳问题.

考虑运行损耗和功率裕度的VSC-MTDC系统改进优化下垂控制策略

不当的直流电压下垂系数易造成多端柔性直流输电(VSC-MTDC)系统运行损耗增加或部分换流站满载,为此提出了1种考虑网络损耗和功率裕度的改进优化下垂控制策略。分析了影响直流网络潮流的因素,在考虑直流线路电压降的情况下,推导出了换流站间功率分配与下垂系数的关系式。提出了直流网络潮流优化计算方法,并得出了各换流站最优下垂系数。以换流站优化下垂特性为基础,设置直流电压拐点,综合考虑直流系统运行损耗和换流站功率裕度,提出了改进的优化下垂控制策略。在PSCAD/EMTDC仿真软件中搭建6端柔性直流输电系统仿真模型,对3种下垂控制策略下系统的运行特性进行了仿真分析,结果表明:常规下垂控制按换流站额定容量分配功率,优化下垂控制考虑直流网络损耗,改进优化下垂控制兼顾系统运行损耗和换流站设备使用率。仿真结果与理论分析一致,验证了所提改进控制策略的有效性和可行性。

DCS在黄岛电厂控制系统改造中的成功应用

介绍山东黄岛电厂采用 FOXBORO 公司的 I／A’S 分散控制系统（DCS）对4 号机组控制系统进行改造的实例，并从改造方案的整体设计到实现的功能、控制效果等多方面分析，总结采用 DCS 对火电机组控制系统进行改造的经验。

火电厂DCS失电故障原因分析及其应对措施

DCS在有效提升电厂生产管理水平的同时,也对电厂的机组安全运行产生了一些负面影响,如DCS的失电故障,会导致火电机组的非计划停运。对DCS失电故障原因进行了分析,认为基建设计和理解上的差异是造成失电故障的主要原因。对此,提出了DCS的配电方式和对不间断供电电源(UPS)的工作电源、旁路电源、直流电源均设置失电报警功能等措施。

模块化多电平DC-DC变换器研究综述

模块化多电平结构相比常规箝位型多电平和级联型多电平结构,具有更好的模块化设计、高压应用、多电平输出等性能。基于模块化多电平结构的DC-DC变换器特别适合中高压大容量直流输配电及新型直流负载供电。首先介绍了模块化多电平结构的组成及特点;其次对现有模块化多电平DC-DC变换器的主要拓扑结构及相应的调制控制方法进行了详细的总结梳理,并分析了变换器的故障隔离保护机制;最后对模块化多电平DC-DC变换器的研究难点及前景进行了展望。已有的研究表明,模块化多电平DC-DC变换器以其优越的电能变换性能,在价值需求的牵引下必然引领新的直流输配电技术的革新高潮。

用于分布式能源并网的DC/DC换流器设计与研究

针对目前应用于直流配电网领域的DC/DC换流器造价高、控制复杂以及不具备直流短路故障穿越能力的缺点,为了实现不同电压等级直流分布式负荷有效接入直流配电网,提出了一种混合DC/DC换流器拓扑,采用电流源换流器(current source converter, CSC)连接直流电网,电压源换流器(voltage source converter, VSC)连接直流分布式负荷。提出的换流器拓扑具有结构简单、控制方式灵活以及具备直流短路故障穿越能力的优点。在分析换流器数学模型和运行约束条件的基础上,给出了换流器的参数设计方法,提出了一种CSC侧功率闭环控制,VSC侧交流电压幅值闭环控制的DC/DC换流器闭环控制策略。最后,在RTDS半实物仿真平台上搭建了1 MW/2 000 V/750 V混合DC/DC换流器试验模型,开展了额定运行工况、功率变化工况和直流短路工况试验。额定运行工况试验结果表明提出的拓扑可以实现1 MW额定功率的运行,功率变化工况试验结果表明提出的拓扑可以实现功率由1 MW到-1 MW的平滑反转,直流短路工况试验结果表明换流器能够平稳穿越直流短路故障。

基于TMS320F28335的双向AC/DC变换器

研究了一种高功率因数双向AC/DC变换器,实现分布式直流供电系统与电网的连接。给出了变换器的控制策略,设计了以浮点型DSP TMS320F28335为数字控制核心的5 kW样机,并进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,所设计的双向AC/DC变换器能实现能量的双向流动和直流母线电压的稳定,以及网侧电流高正弦度及单位功率因数,可用于提高可再生能源发电系统的能源利用效率和供电电能质量。

单级并联型高效率AC／DC变换器

针对单级AC-DC变换器串联式拓扑结构效率较低的问题,对并联型拓扑结构能够提高变换器效率的机理进行了分析,并论述提高效率与电能分配的关系.同时,对提出的改进型并联式变换器拓扑的工作原理和工作过程进行分析.实验结果表明,改进型并联式变换器在宽范围输入交流电压和负载条件下,均达到90%以上的高效率.

火电厂DCS应用技术问题探讨

针对目前安徽电网下属诸火电厂分散控制系统(DCS)运行的实时情况,本文从DCS模块、应用软件、通信网络、电源等方面对DCS系统应用中遇到的影响机组安全稳定运行的故障现象和安全隐患等进行了分析和探讨,提出了进一步提高火电厂DCS应用技术水平的建议。