CifNet Network Multi-Well Data Management System

The CifNet network multi-well data management system is developed for 100MB or 1000MB local network environments which are used in Chinese oil industry. The kernel techniques of CifNet system include: 1, establishing a high efficient and low cost network multi-well data management architecture based on the General Logging Curve Theory and the Cif data format; 2, implementing efficient visit and transmission of multi-well data in C/S local network based on TCP/IP protocol; 3,ensuring the safety of multi-well data in store, visit and application based on Unix operating system security. By using CifNet system, the researcher in office or at home can visit curves of any borehole in any working area of any oilfield. The application foreground of CifNet system is also commented.

Three-dimensional physical simulation and optimization of water injection of a multi-well fractured-vuggy unit

With complex fractured-vuggy heterogeneous structures, water has to be injected to facilitate oil pro- duction. However, the effect of different water injection modes on oil recovery varies. The limitation of existing numerical simulation methods in representing fractured- vuggy carbonate reservoirs makes numerical simulation difficult to characterize the fluid flow in these reservoirs. In this paper, based on a geological example unit in the Tahe Oilfield, a three-dimensional physical model was designed and constructed to simulate fluid flow in a fractured-vuggy reservoir according to similarity criteria. The model was validated by simulating a bottom water drive reservoir, and then subsequent water injection modes were optimized. These were continuous （constant rate）, intermittent, and pulsed injection of water. Experimental results reveal that due to the unbalanced formation pressure caused by pulsed water injection, the swept volume was expanded and consequently the highest oil recovery increment was achieved. Similar to continuous water injection, intermit- tent injection was influenced by factors including the connectivity of the fractured-vuggy reservoir, well depth, and the injection-production relationship, which led to a relative low oil recovery. This study may provide a constructive guide to field production and for the devel- opment of the commercial numerical models specialized for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.

Controllable optical multi-well trap and its optical lattices using compounded cosine patterns

This paper proposes a flexible scheme to form various optical multi-well traps for cold atoms or molecules by using a simple optical system composed of an compounded amplitude cosine-only grating and a single lens illuminated by a plane light wave or a Gaussian beam. Dynamic manipulation and evolution of multi-well trap can be easily implemented by controlling the modulation frequency of the cosine patterns. It also discusses how to expand this multi-well trap to two-dimensional lattices with single- or multi-well trap by using an orthogonally or non-orthogonally modulated grating, as well as using incoherent multi-beam illumination, and these results show that all the symmetric structures of two-dimensional Bravais lattices can be obtained facilely by using proposed scheme.

Fracture propagation,proppant transport and parameter optimization of multi-well pad fracturing treatment

This paper establishes a 3D multi-well pad fracturing numerical model coupled with fracture propagation and proppant migration based on the displacement discontinuity method and Eulerian-Eulerian frameworks,and the fracture propagation and proppant distribution during multi-well fracturing are investigated by taking the actual multi-well pad parameters as an example.Fracture initiation and propagation during multi-well pad fracturing are jointly affected by a variety of stress interference mechanisms such as inter-cluster,inter-stage,and inter-well,and the fracture extension is unbalanced among clusters,asymmetric on both wings,and dipping at heels.Due to the significant influence of fracture morphology and width on the migration capacity of proppant in the fracture,proppant is mainly placed in the area near the wellbore with large fracture width,while a high-concentration sandwash may easily occur in the area with narrow fracture width as a result of quick bridging.On the whole,the proppant placement range is limited.Increasing the well-spacing can reduce the stress interference of adjacent wells and promote the uniform distribution of fractures and proppant on both wings.The maximum stimulated reservoir volume or multi-fracture uniform propagation can be achieved by optimizing the well spacing.Although reducing the perforation-cluster spacing also can improve the stimulated reservoir area,a too low cluster spacing is not conducive to effectively increasing the propped fracture area.Since increasing the stage time lag is beneficial to reduce inter-stage stress interference,zipper fracturing produces more uniform fracture propagation and proppant distribution.

Factors Influencing Fracture Propagation in Collaborative Fracturing ofMultiple HorizontalWells

Horizontal well-stimulation is the key to unconventional resource exploration and development.The development mode of the well plant helps increase the stimulated reservoir volume.Nevertheless,fracture interference between wells reduces the fracturing effect.Here,a 2D hydro-mechanical coupling model describing hydraulic fracture(HF)propagation is established with the extended finite element method,and the effects of several factors on HF propagation during multiple wells fracturing are analyzed.The results show that with an increase in elastic modulus,horizontal principal stress difference and injection fluid displacement,the total fracture area and the reservoir stimulation efficiency are both improved in all three fracturing technologies.After a comparison of the three technologies,the method of improved zipper fracturing is proposed,which avoids mutual interference between HFs,and the reservoir stimulation effect is improved significantly.The study provides guidance for optimizing the fracturing technology of multiple horizontal wells.

热药灌注机及其智能控制系统设计与实现

介绍了热药灌注机系统的基本组成、工作原理及控制要求，其智能控制系统采用上位平板计算机、下位单片机结构，参数的采集与控制功能上相对独立，增加设备工作的可靠性；流量控制采用硬件PWM调速技术控制蠕动泵转速，调节范围为0～5L／min，测温元件选用Pt1000并采取4种措施以提高测量精度；温度控制引入基于能量和作用平衡的仿人智能控制算法，实现了灌注流量的方便调节和病灶区温度的精确控制，模拟试验控温精度达±0．1℃，满足系统设计要求。

孤立运行的低压微电网改进下垂控制策略

针对低压微电网孤立运行时传统下垂控制策略的不足,提出了一种改进的下垂控制策略,从结构和参数优化两个方面对传统下垂控制进行了改进:在结构优化方面,考虑到在低压微电网线路中阻抗与感抗均不可忽略,将连接线路的阻抗角作为一个变量引入到下垂控制中,并添加了一个微分控制环节以增加控制器设计的自由度;在参数优化方面,通过粒子群优化算法对改进控制结构的参数实施优化,以期在微电网孤立运行时,为系统提供足够的阻尼,减小系统在暂态过程中的振荡。最后,通过Matlab/Simulink搭建了时域仿真模型,验证了本文所提控制策略的有效性和正确性。

微粒捕集器再生技术的研究动态和发展趋势

微粒捕集器技术是满足未来车用柴油机严格排放法规的重要措施,再生技术是其中的关键环节。综述了柴油机微粒捕集器再生技术的研究现状,对各种再生技术进行了分析。阐述了这些再生技术存在的问题以及相关措施,并展望了微粒捕集器再生技术的发展趋势。

椰心叶甲寄生蜂——椰甲截脉姬小蜂的生物学特性

椰甲截脉姬小蜂Asecodes hispinarumBoucˇek是椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima(Gestro)幼虫的重要内寄生蜂,2004年3月从越南引进到海南省。在实验室条件下,对椰甲截脉姬小蜂的形态、发育、繁殖、寄生潜能等生物学特性进行了初步研究。结果表明,椰甲截脉姬小蜂在24℃±2℃,RH75%±10%条件下,卵期平均为2.8天,幼虫期6.7天,蛹期(含预蛹期)7.5天;成蜂在没有营养补充的情况下,平均存活2.5天。椰甲截脉姬小蜂的寿命受温度和补充营养的影响,雌蜂寿命长于雄蜂寿命。雌蜂平均怀卵量为43粒,产卵高峰期在交配后的12h内。椰甲截脉姬小蜂对椰心叶甲4龄幼虫的功能反应属HollingⅡ型,随自身密度的增加其寄生效果呈下降的趋势。

中国的外来入侵植物肿柄菊

简述了外来入侵植物肿柄菊的分布现状、个体生长发育特征、遗传特征和种群特征。论述肿柄菊对本地生物多样性和生态系统的危害以及对农业生产和天然林恢复带来的影响。从药物的利用与研究,杀虫剂和除草剂的研究,肥料和饲料的利用与研究三个面综述目前国内外对肿柄菊的开发利用与研究现状。最后指出对肿柄菊的防治对策主要是保护当地生物多样性,恢复本地植被,减少人类对生态系统的干扰和破坏。

控释肥类型及氮素水平对氮磷钾利用率的影响

采用草莓盆栽试验研究了3种肥料类型(普通肥料、控释氮肥、控释复合肥)和不同氮施用量对草莓生长、磷钾利用率及土壤-作物体系中氮素平衡的影响。研究结果表明,控释肥的释放与四季草莓对养分的需求一致;磷钾的控释促进了氮的吸收利用,氮的控释也提高了磷钾的利用率。植株干重、草莓产量和氮磷钾利用率大小顺序为:控释复合肥处理(CC)>控释氮肥处理(CN)>普通肥料(SF)处理。增加施氮量促进了草莓生长,提高了磷钾利用率;中高量氮素水平间的产量、品质无差异,但高于低量水平。氮素利用率顺序为CC>CN>SF,损失率相反;CC和CN处理的氮素残留率无差异,但高于SF处理。施氮量增加,利用量、残留量、损失量增加,而利用率、残留率降低,损失率上升。

基于Android的实验设备远程控制系统设计

针对布-加综合征实验设备的工作特点和工作要求,设计开发了一套基于Android平台的布-加综合征实验设备远程控制系统。介绍了系统的组成与工作原理、硬件设计方案以及软件开发工作。基于Android平台实现了布-加综合征实验室设备的远程操作控制,提高了实验设备的管理和使用效率,为布-加综合征的研究提供更好、更便捷的服务。

一株甜瓜枯萎病病原拮抗菌的筛选与防治效果初报

从海南11个市县甜瓜地、蔬菜地中分离到570株菌株,通过室内平板对峙、继代培养、发芽率等实验,筛选出3株对甜瓜枯萎病防治效果较好和对甜瓜种子发芽率有促进作用的菌株D1、F1、H3,进行盆栽试验,结果显示,F1菌株防治效果最好,并且在先接种108CFU/mL的F1再接种107CFU/mL的病原菌,对甜瓜枯萎病的防治效果达到70.6%;经形态特征、生理生化和16SrDNA测序实验鉴定,确定F1菌属于Bacillus methylotrophicus。

豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)种群控制研究概况

豚草是世界性重要有害杂草之一,对农业生产和人类健康均造成严重危害。为抑制其种群蔓延,前人开展了化学防治、物理防治、植物替代和生物防治等对豚草的防控研究。文章阐述了各项措施在豚草种群控制中的作用和优缺点。提出以生物防治为主体,结合植物替代控制和物理防治,尽可能地不实施化学防治的的综合治理体系是未来豚草防治的一个主要途径。

苹果斑点病发病因子观察及药剂防治试验

1985～1989年对苹果斑点病的发病因子进行了观察,结果表明,该病的发生与降雨量呈正相关(r=0.846),降雨早而多的年份,发病普遍而且严重;苹果品种间以红星、青香蕉较感病,金帅、小国光抗病。药剂防治试验表明,扑海因和波尔多液防效相当,若两者交替使用,防效最佳,可基本控制此病害的发生。

基于Saber的飞机动力系统仿真

针对飞机动力系统的性能检测还是传统的人工检测手段,以工程应用需求及其提供的试验数据为依据,结合Sa-ber仿真软件的特点,利用基于实验数据、基于原理图等建模方法,并依据不同的建模方法建立了由电气负载模型与控制模型组成的飞机动力系统混合信号模型。通过实验验证了整个系统模型,实验结果表明了该系统模型的准确性、有效性和实用性。仿真结果与试验对比,仿真结果较真实地反映了动力系统相关参数的动态变化过程,仿真系统的收敛性强,为大系统的仿真应用提供了有益参考。

大功率焦平面器件的热控制

为了实现大功率焦平面器件(FPA)的热控制,根据焦面组件的结构特点,通过仿真计算与试验相结合的方法,对大功率焦平面的热控设计进行了研究。介绍了大功率焦平面器件的主要热设计要求,分析了大功率焦平面器件、小散热空间并安装在移动构件上的焦面组件热设计的特点。利用I-DEAS有限元分析软件建立了热分析计算模型,并利用TMG模块进行分析计算。进行了试验验证,并根据试验给出了焦平面器件升温拟合曲线。最后,根据热设计实例提出如何合理地选择大功率焦平面器件的热控制方式。结果表明,50 W大功率焦平面器件连续工作2 min时,在有12℃冷源的情况下,能够控制焦平面器件<35℃,满足焦平面器件设计要求。

土壤抑菌作用的解除及机理探索

利用2种不同的解除方法测定了13种营养液解除土壤对植物寄生线虫生防菌Paecilomyces lilacinus(IPC)、Pochoniachlamydosporia(Zk7)分生孢子萌发的抑菌作用,并测定了被抑制孢子再萌发与添加营养液的关系。结果表明复合液M的解除效果最好,能使孢子的萌发率达到98%以上;首次揭示了营养液与真菌孢子施用的同步性对提高孢子萌发率的重要性;此外,根据实验结果,尝试对土壤抑菌作用机理提出了新的解释。

草甘膦异丙胺盐水剂防除水葫芦效果及其在水中的残留

采用枯叶指数、枯柄指数、新根抑制、鲜重防效等指标,评价草甘膦异丙胺盐对水葫芦的防除作用,并测定其在水中的残留。盆栽毒力测定结果表明,草甘膦异丙胺盐对水葫芦新根的抑制作用最强,LC50为185.54μg.L-1,对叶、叶柄、鲜重的毒力较弱,LC50分别为385.89 g.L-1、475.82 g.L-1、790.86 g.L-1。田间水域试验结果表明,草甘膦异丙胺盐对水葫芦的新根有很好的抑制效果,药后40 d,1.91 g.L-1的抑制效果达100%。草甘膦异丙胺盐防除叶片的速效性较好,施药后20 d,1.91 g.L-1对叶片的防除效果达96.69%,优于40 d后85.42%的防效。草甘膦异丙胺盐对叶柄和鲜重的防除效果较差,1.91 mg.L-1草甘膦异丙胺盐处理40 d后,对叶柄和鲜根的防效分别为52.34%、63.18%。在室内静止水体与流水中分别施用1.37 mg.L-1、1.91 mg.L-1和2.73 mg.L-1草甘膦异丙胺盐防除不同覆盖率(0%、60%、90%)的水葫芦后,水体中残留量均未超过0.7mg.L-1最高污染物水平(美国一级饮用水标准)。

FPGA在小卫星姿态控制系统中的应用

为了提高卫星姿态控制的运行速度,减轻星载计算机的负担,提出了一种基于FPGA实现卫星姿态控制器的硬件算法。在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立卫星的运动学和动力学方程,给出了经典PID的模拟控制算法。在此基础上推导了数字PID控制算法,并采用状态机的设计方法实现该控制器的设计,应用VHDL硬件语言进行编程。最后,通过调用Matlab的Serial串口对象,将模拟的卫星动力学姿态与FPGA开发板交换控制信息。基于FPGA的PID控制器对整个系统进行控制,最后的仿真结果证明了该方案的可行性和准确性。