Preparation of multicore millimeter-sized spherical alginate capsules to specifically and sustainedly release fish oil

Specific and sustained release of nutrients from capsules to the gastrointestinal tract has attracted many attentions in the field of food and drug delivery.In this work,we reported a monoaxial dispersion electrospraying-ionotropic gelation technique to prepare multicore millimeter-sized spherical capsules for specific and sustained release of fish oil.The spherical capsules had diameters from 2.05 mm to 0.35 mm with the increased applied voltages.The capsules consisted of uniform(at applied voltages of≤10 k V)or nonuniform(at applied voltages of>10 k V)multicores.The obtained capsules had reasonable loading ratios(9.7%-6.3%)due to the multicore structure.In addition,the obtained capsules had specific and sustained release behaviors of fish oil into the small intestinal phase of in vitro gastrointestinal tract and small intestinal tract models.The simple monoaxial dispersion electrospraying-ionotropic gelatin technique does not involve complicated preparation formulations and polymer modification,which makes the technique has a potential application prospect for the fish oil preparations and the encapsulation of functional active substances in the field of food and drug industries.

A New Hybrid Hierarchical Parallel Algorithm to Enhance the Performance of Large-Scale Structural Analysis Based on Heterogeneous Multicore Clusters

Heterogeneous multicore clusters are becoming more popular for high-performance computing due to their great computing power and cost-to-performance effectiveness nowadays.Nevertheless,parallel efficiency degradation is still a problem in large-scale structural analysis based on heterogeneousmulticore clusters.To solve it,a hybrid hierarchical parallel algorithm(HHPA)is proposed on the basis of the conventional domain decomposition algorithm(CDDA)and the parallel sparse solver.In this new algorithm,a three-layer parallelization of the computational procedure is introduced to enable the separation of the communication of inter-nodes,heterogeneous-core-groups(HCGs)and inside-heterogeneous-core-groups through mapping computing tasks to various hardware layers.This approach can not only achieve load balancing at different layers efficiently but can also improve the communication rate significantly through hierarchical communication.Additionally,the proposed hybrid parallel approach in this article can reduce the interface equation size and further reduce the solution time,which can make up for the shortcoming of growing communication overheads with the increase of interface equation size when employing CDDA.Moreover,the distributed sparse storage of a large amount of data is introduced to improve memory access.By solving benchmark instances on the Shenwei-Taihuzhiguang supercomputer,the results show that the proposed method can obtain higher speedup and parallel efficiency compared with CDDA and more superior extensibility of parallel partition compared with the two-level parallel computing algorithm(TPCA).

Typhoon Case Comparison Analysis Between Heterogeneous Many-Core and Homogenous Multicore Supercomputing Platforms

In this paper,a typical experiment is carried out based on a high-resolution air-sea coupled model,namely,the coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport(COAWST)model,on both heterogeneous many-core(SW)and homogenous multicore(Intel)supercomputing platforms.We construct a hindcast of Typhoon Lekima on both the SW and Intel platforms,compare the simulation results between these two platforms and compare the key elements of the atmospheric and ocean modules to reanalysis data.The comparative experiment in this typhoon case indicates that the domestic many-core computing platform and general cluster yield almost no differences in the simulated typhoon path and intensity,and the differences in surface pressure(PSFC)in the WRF model and sea surface temperature(SST)in the short-range forecast are very small,whereas a major difference can be identified at high latitudes after the first 10 days.Further heat budget analysis verifies that the differences in SST after 10 days are mainly caused by shortwave radiation variations,as influenced by subsequently generated typhoons in the system.These typhoons generated in the hindcast after the first 10 days attain obviously different trajectories between the two platforms.

Advances in femtosecond laser direct writing of fiber Bragg gratings in multicore fibers:technology,sensor and laser applications

In this article,we review recent advances in the technology of writing fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs)in selected cores of multicore fibers(MCFs)by using femtosecond laser pulses.The writing technology of such a key element as the FBG opens up wide opportunities for the creation of next generation fiber lasers and sensors based on MCFs.The advantages of the technology are shown by using the examples of 3D shape sensors,acoustic emission sensors with spatially multiplexed channels,as well as multicore fiber Raman lasers.

Bio-Derived Hierarchical Multicore–Shell Fe2N-Nanoparticle-Impregnated N-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Bundles:A Host Material for Lithium-/Potassium-Ion Storage

Despite the significant progress in the fabrication of advanced electrode materials,complex control strategies and tedious processing are often involved for most targeted materials to tailor their compositions,morphologies,and chemistries.Inspired by the unique geometric structures of natural biomacromolecules together with their high affinities for metal species,we propose the use of skin collagen fibers for the template crafting of a novel multicore-shell Fe2N-carbon framework anode configuration,composed of hierarchical N-doped carbon nanofiber bundles firmly embedded with Fe2N nanoparticles(Fe2N@N-CFBs).In the resultant heterostructure,the Fe2N nanoparticles firmly confined inside the carbon shells are spatially isolated but electronically well connected by the long-range carbon nanofiber framework.This not only provides direct and continuous conductive pathways to facilitate electron/ion transport,but also helps cushion the volume expansion of the encapsulated Fe2N to preserve the electrode microstructure.Considering its unique structural characteristics,Fe2N@N-CFBs as an advanced anode material exhibits remarkable electrochemical performances for lithium-and potassium-ion batteries.Moreover,this bio-derived structural strategy can pave the way for novel low-cost and high-efficiency syntheses of metal-nitride/carbon nanofiber heterostructures for potential applications in energy-related fields and beyond.

Distributed multicore fiber sensors

Multicore fiber(MCF)which contains more than one core in a single fiber cladding has attracted ever increasing attention for application in optical sensing systems owing to its unique capability of independent light transmission in multiple spatial channels.Different from the situation in standard single mode fiber(SMF),the fiber bending gives rise to tangential strain in off-center cores,and this unique feature has been employed for directional bending and shape sensing,where strain measurement is achieved by using either fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs),optical frequency-domain reflectometry(OFDR)or Brillouin distributed sensing technique.On the other hand,the parallel spatial cores enable space-division multiplexed(SDM)system configuration that allows for the multiplexing of multiple distributed sensing techniques.As a result,multi-parameter sensing or performance enhanced sensing can be achieved by using MCF.In this paper,we review the research progress in MCF based distributed fiber sensors.Brief introductions of MCF and the multiplexing/de-multiplexing methods are presented.The bending sensitivity of off-center cores is analyzed.Curvature and shape sensing,as well as various SDM distributed sensing using MCF are summarized,and the working principles of diverse MCF sensors are discussed.Finally,we present the challenges and prospects of MCF for distributed sensing applications.

Vortex Field Propagation in a Hexagonal Multicore Fiber Array

The propagation of an optical vortex in a hexagonally arranged single mode multicore fiber structure is investigated for possible generation of additional vortices and their spread dynamics. Fields are separated into a slowly varying paraxial envelope and a rapidly changing exponential component. Solutions are derived from the paraxial inhomogeneous Schrodinger equation in two dimensions along with the index of refraction of the proposed structure. Numerical analyses are based on the beam propagation method and transparent boundary conditions in matrix form with different parameters to represent the intensity and phase of all derived fields. Vortices are numerically identified by their points of zero intensity and their phase change or polarity. The optical interferogram with a plane wave reference is also employed to distinguish the dislocation points in the transverse directions of the propagating fields.

A Modified Principal Component Analysis Method for Honeycomb Sandwich Panel Debonding Recognition Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Signals

The safety and integrity requirements of aerospace composite structures necessitate real-time health monitoring throughout their service life.To this end,distributed optical fiber sensors utilizing back Rayleigh scattering have been extensively deployed in structural health monitoring due to their advantages,such as lightweight and ease of embedding.However,identifying the precise location of damage from the optical fiber signals remains a critical challenge.In this paper,a novel approach which namely Modified Sliding Window Principal Component Analysis(MSWPCA)was proposed to facilitate automatic damage identification and localization via distributed optical fiber sensors.The proposed method is able to extract signal characteristics interfered by measurement noise to improve the accuracy of damage detection.Specifically,we applied the MSWPCA method to monitor and analyze the debonding propagation process in honeycomb sandwich panel structures.Our findings demonstrate that the training model exhibits high precision in detecting the location and size of honeycomb debonding,thereby facilitating reliable and efficient online assessment of the structural health state.

“Stöber”模板法制备Ag@C纳米粒子及其催化性能

采用“Stöber”模板法合成了核-壳-壳结构的Ag@SiO_(2)@RF复合纳米粒子,经过碳化、刻蚀得到了“Rattle型”结构的Ag@C纳米粒子。采用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(RS)、N2吸附及X线粉末衍射(XRD)表征检测,对其形貌、结构进行表征。结果表明:制备的Ag@C纳米粒子具有完整的球形结构、较大的空腔和可移动的纳米银内核,壳层上有介孔,平均孔径为7.8 nm,比表面积为866 m2/g。以2 mg Ag@C为催化剂,室温下用过量的KBH4还原1 mmol/L对硝基苯酚,测试Ag@C纳米粒子的催化性能。结果表明:反应3 min,其转化率为98%,催化剂使用6次活性没有明显下降。

Parallelization of a Branch and Bound Algorithm on Multicore Systems

The general m-machine permutation flowshop problem with the total flow-time objective is known to be NP-hard for m ≥ 2. The only practical method for finding optimal solutions has been branch-and-bound algorithms. In this paper, we present an improved sequential algorithm which is based on a strict alternation of Generation and Exploration execution modes as well as Depth-First/Best-First hybrid strategies. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme exhibits improved performance compared with the algorithm in [1]. More importantly, our method can be easily extended and implemented with lightweight threads to speed up the execution times. Good speedups can be obtained on shared-memory multicore systems.

Identification and census statistics of multicore eddies based on sea surface height data in global oceans

This study produced a statistical analysis of multicore eddy structures based on 23 years’ altimetry data in global oceans. Multicore structures were identified using a threshold-free closed-contour algorithm of sea surface height, which was improved for this study in respect of certain technical details. Meanwhile a more accurate definition of eddy boundary was used to estimate eddy scale. Generally, multicore structures, which have two or more closed eddies of the same polarity within their boundaries, represent an important transitional stage in their lives during which the component eddies might experience splitting or merging. In comparison with global eddies, the lifetimes and propagation distances of multicore eddies were found to be much smaller because of their inherent structural instability. However, at the same latitude, the spatial scale of multicore eddies was found larger than that of single-core eddies, i.e., the eddy area could be at least twice as large. Multicore eddies were found to exhibit some features similar to global eddies. For example, multicore eddies tend to occur in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, some western boundary currents, and mid-latitude regions around 25°N/S, the majority(70%) of eddies propagate westward while only 30% propagate eastward, and large-amplitude eddies are restricted mainly to reasonably confined regions of highly unstable currents.

Partitioned k-Exclusion Real-Time Locking Protocol Motivated by Multicore Multi-GPU Systems

Graphic processing units （GPUs） have been widely recognized as cost-efficient co-processors with acceptable size, weight, and power consumption. However, adopting GPUs in real-time systems is still challenging, due to the lack in framework for real-time analysis. In order to guarantee real-time requirements while maintaining system utilization ~in modern heterogeneous systems, such as multicore multi-GPU systems, a novel suspension-based k-exclusion real-time locking protocol and the associated suspension-aware schedulability analysis are proposed. The proposed protocol provides a synchronization framework that enables multiple GPUs to be efficiently integrated in multicore real-time systems. Comparative evaluations show that the proposed methods improve upon the existing work in terms of schedulability.

Femtosecond laser additive and subtractive micro-processing:enabling a high-channeldensity silica interposer for multicore fibre to silicon-photonic packaging

Great strides have been made over the past decade to establish femtosecond lasers in advanced manufacturing systems for enabling new forms of non-contact processing of transparent materials.Research advances have shown that a myriad of additive and subtractive techniques is now possible for flexible 2D and 3D structuring of such materials with micro-and nano-scale precision.In this paper,these techniques have been refined and scaled up to demonstrate the potential for 3D writing of high-density optical packaging components,specifically addressing the major bottleneck for efficiently connecting optical fibres to silicon photonic(SiP)processors for use in telecom and data centres.An 84-channel fused silica interposer was introduced for high-density edge coupling of multicore fibres(MCFs)to a SiP chip.Femtosecond laser irradiation followed by chemical etching was further harnessed to open alignment sockets,permitting rapid assembly with precise locking of MCF positions for efficient coupling to laser written optical waveguides in the interposer.A 3D waveguide fanout design provided an attractive balancing of low losses,modematching,high channel density,compact footprint,and low crosstalk.The 3D additive and subtractive processes thus demonstrated the potential for higher scale integration and rapid photonic assembly and packaging of micro-optic components for telecom interconnects,with possible broader applications in integrated biophotonic chips or micro-displays.

利用煤焦油中酚类物质Stöber法制备碳纳米球用于CO_(2)吸附

煤焦油的排放和直接利用会造成严重的环境污染,开发高附加值材料的绿色合成方法及应用是煤焦油利用的关键。本文采用Stöber法以间苯二酚和中低温煤焦油为碳源与甲醛聚合制备了多孔碳纳米球CO_(2)吸附剂,通过扫描电子显微镜、N2吸附-脱附测试、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱、X射线衍射等手段对样品进行测试和分析。考察了预聚温度、水热温度和煤焦油添加量对碳纳米球的孔结构和CO_(2)吸附性能的影响。预聚温度为60℃、水热温度为200℃时,产物具有最优异的比表面积和CO_(2)吸附性能。C_(1)-R_(1)-RT-200吸附剂的比表面积达到787m^(2)/g,CO_(2)最大吸附量为4.64mmol/g。当煤焦油占总投料质量的50%~76%时,产物的CO_(2)吸附性能较好,优于纯的间苯二酚模型化合物。所制备的多孔碳纳米球的CO_(2)吸附等温线可以很好地吻合Langmuir等温线模型,说明多孔碳纳米球对CO_(2)的吸附为单分子层吸附。

Research and Practice of Traffic Lights and Traffic Signs Recognition System Based on Multicore of FPGA

This thesis will present the research and practice of traffic lights and traffic signs recognition system based on multicore of FPGA. This system consists of four parts as following: the collection of dynamic images, the preprocessing of gray value, the detection of the edges and the patterning and the judgment of the pattern matching. The multiple cores system is consist of three cores. Each core parallels processes the incoming images from camera collection in terms of different colors and graphic elements. The image data read in from the camera works as the sharing data of the three cores.

BER Performance Analysis of OTFS Systems with Power Allocation

Orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS),as a novel 2-D modulation technique,has been proposed to achieve better BER performances over delayDoppler channels.In this paper,we propose two different power allocation(PA)algorithms in OTFS systems with zero forcing(ZF)or minimum mean square error(MMSE)equalization,where general formulas with PA are derived in advance under the condition of minimum BER(MBER)criterion.On one hand,a suboptimal MBER power allocation method is put forward to achieve better BER performances,and then analytical BER expressions are derived with proposed PA strategy.Considering the case of MMSE equalization,a combined subsymbol allocation(SA)and PA strategy is raised,where some subsymbols may be abandoned due to worse channel conditions,and then it is proven effectively to improve BER performances through theoretical and simulation results.Furthermore,BER performances with proposed joint SA and PA strategy are also investigated in delay-Doppler channels,where an improved message passing(MP)receiver based on equivalent channel matrix with PA is given.

Parallel Multicore CSB Format and Its Sparse Matrix Vector Multiplication

Sparse Matrix Vector Multiplication (SpMV) is one of the most basic problems in scientific and engineering computations. It is the basic operation in many realms, such as solving linear systems or eigenvalue problems. Nowadays, more than 90 percent of the world’s highest performance parallel computers in the top 500 use multicore architecture. So it is important practically to design the efficient methods of computing SpMV on multicore parallel computers. Usually, algorithms based on compressed sparse row (CSR) format suffer from a number of nonzero elements on each row so hardly as to use the multicore structure efficiently. Compressed Sparse Block (CSB) format is an effective storage format which can compute SpMV efficiently in a multicore computer. This paper presents a parallel multicore CSB format and SpMV based on it. We carried out numerical experiments on a parallel multicore computer. The results show that our parallel multicore CSB format and SpMV algorithm can reach high speedup, and they are highly scalable for banded matrices.

A Hybrid Model for Reliability Aware and Energy-Efficiency in Multicore Systems

Recently,Multicore systems use Dynamic Voltage/Frequency Scaling(DV/FS)technology to allow the cores to operate with various voltage and/or frequencies than other cores to save power and enhance the performance.In this paper,an effective and reliable hybridmodel to reduce the energy and makespan in multicore systems is proposed.The proposed hybrid model enhances and integrates the greedy approach with dynamic programming to achieve optimal Voltage/Frequency(Vmin/F)levels.Then,the allocation process is applied based on the availableworkloads.The hybrid model consists of three stages.The first stage gets the optimum safe voltage while the second stage sets the level of energy efficiency,and finally,the third is the allocation stage.Experimental results on various benchmarks show that the proposed model can generate optimal solutions to save energy while minimizing the makespan penalty.Comparisons with other competitive algorithms show that the proposed model provides on average 48%improvements in energy-saving and achieves an 18%reduction in computation time while ensuring a high degree of system reliability.

A case study of 3D RTM-TTI algorithm on multicore and many-core platforms

3D reverse time migration in tiled transversly isotropic(3D RTM-TTI) is the most precise model for complex seismic imaging.However,vast computing time of 3D RTM-TTI prevents it from being widely used,which is addressed by providing parallel solutions for 3D RTM-TTI on multicores and many-cores.After data parallelism and memory optimization,the hot spot function of 3D RTMTTI gains 35.99 X speedup on two Intel Xeon CPUs,89.75 X speedup on one Intel Xeon Phi,89.92 X speedup on one NVIDIA K20 GPU compared with serial CPU baseline.This study makes RTM-TTI practical in industry.Since the computation pattern in RTM is stencil,the approaches also benefit a wide range of stencil-based applications.

Multicore Parallel Implementation of 2D-FFTBased on TMS320C6678 DSP

We put forward a multicore parallel plan for 2D-FFT and implement it on TMS320C6678 DSP after we research thecharacteristics of different multicore DSP programming models and two-dimension FFT （2D-FFT）. We bring the parallelcomputing capability of multicore DSP into full play and improve working efficiency of 2D-FFT. It has hugely referential valuein implementing image processing arithmetic based on 2D-FFT.