Clinical Efficacy and Safety Analysis of Tigecycline in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Combined with Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy and safety of tigecycline in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)combined with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection.Methods:113 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD combined with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection were recruited between January 2021 and January 2023,and given tigecycline treatment.The total effective rate,lung function indexes,related biochemical index levels,and the incidence rate of adverse reactions were observed after the treatment.Results:After the treatment,100 patients were cured,1 case with apparent effect,2 cases were effective,10 cases were ineffective,and the total effective rate was 91.15%.The post-treatment CRP(21.22±3.35 mg/L),PCT(3.18±1.11 ng/L),CRE(76.36±9.24μmol/L),and ALT(37.76±6.99 U/L)were significantly improved as compared to the pre-treatment(P<0.05).After treatment,10 cases of vomiting(8.85%),13 cases of nausea(11.50%),4 cases of diarrhea(3.53%),1 case of abdominal pain(0.88%),and 2 cases of allergy(1.77%)were observed in 113 patients.Conclusion:Tigecycline therapy for patients with acute exacerbation of COPD combined with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection not only has significant therapeutic efficacy but also has a high degree of safety.

Control of multidrug-resistant planktonic Acinetobacter baumannii:biocidal efficacy study by atmospheric-pressure air plasma

In this research,an atmospheric-pressure air plasma is used to inactivate the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in liquid.The efficacy of the air plasma on bacterial deactivation and the cytobiological variations after the plasma treatment are investigated.According to colony forming units,nearly all the bacteria（6-log） are inactivated after 10 min of air plasma treatment.However,7% of the bacteria enter a viable but non-culturable state detected by the resazurin based assay during the same period of plasma exposure.Meanwhile,86% of the bacteria lose their membrane integrity in the light of SYTO 9/PI staining assay.The morphological changes in the cells are examined by scanning electron microscopy and bacteria with morphological changes are rare after plasma exposure in the liquid.The concentrations of the long-living RS,such as H2O2,NO3^- and O3,in liquid induced by plasma treatment are measured,and they increase with plasma treatment time.The changes of the intracellular ROS may be related to cell death,which may be attributed to oxidative stress and other damage effects induced by RS plasma generated in liquid.The rapid and effective bacteria inactivation may stem from the RS in the liquid generated by plasma and air plasmas may become a valuable therapy in the treatment of infected wounds.

High prevalence of multidrug-resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and dissemination of carbapenemase-encoding genes bla_(OXA-23-like),bla_(OXA-24-like)and bla_(NDM-1) in Algiers hospitals

Objective:To assess and characterize antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii strains recovered from 5 health-care facilities in Algiers.Methods:Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by agar diffusion and agar dilution methods,resistance genes were identified by PCR and sequencing,and molecular typing of isolates was carried out by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR(ERIC-PCR).Results:Among 125 tested isolates,117(93.6% ) were multidrug-resistant.of which 94(75.2% ) were imipenem resistant.The bla_(ADC)and bla_(OXA-51-like) genes were detected in all isolates,in association with ISAba I sequence in 84% and 8% (imipenem resistant) of isolates,respectively.The bla_(OXA-23-like) and bla_(OXA-24-like)carbapenemase genes were delected in 67.02% and 20.21% of imipenem-resistant isolates,respectively.The bla_(OXA-23-like) gene is linked to ISAba1 or ISAba4 elements.The metallo-β-lactamase NDM-1 gene was found in 10(10.6% ) imipenem-resisianl strains from three hospitals,it is linked to ISAba125 clement in nine strains.Extended spectrum β-lactamases production was not detected.Imipenem and cefotaxime resistance phenolypes could not be transferred to Escherichia coli by conjugation.Outer membrane protein CarO gene was not delected in four imipenem-resisianl isolates.The aac(6')-1b.sul1,sul2,tetA and tetB genes were present in 5.31% .36.17% .77.65% .1.06% and 65.92% of strains,respectively.Class 1 integrons were detected in 23.4% strains.KRIC-PCR typing showed a genetic diversity among bla_(OXA-23-like) and bla_(OXA-24-like) positive strains,while clonality was observed among bla_(NDM-1)positives.Conclusions:This study highlighted the high prevalence of imipenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii in Algiers hospitals mediated mainly by bla_(OXA-23-like),bla_(OXA-24-like),and bla_(NDM-1) genes.

院内多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌分子流行病学和耐药性研究

目的分析院内临床和环境多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(MDRAB)的耐药机制和分子流行病学特征,为预防和控制MDRAB的传播提供依据。方法收集2020年5月至2021年4月院内临床及环境分离到的非重复MDRAB菌株34株,其中临床标本25株,环境标本9株。应用PCR和测序方法检测MDRAB的耐药基因。多位点序列分型(MLST)和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)对MDRAB进行分子分型。结果34株MDRAB阳性基因携带率分别为:blaOXA23、blaOXA-51及blaOXA64gp均为100%,TEM 85.3%(29/34)。25株临床MDRAB监测到7个ST序列类型:分别为ST540(10/25)、ST195(5/25)、ST369(3/25)、ST208(2/25)、ST381(2/25)、ST938(2/25)和ST451(1/25);6个克隆群:分别为A群(9/25)、D群(8/25)、C群(4/25)、F群(2/25)、E群(1/25)、G群(1/25)。9株环境MDRAB监测到2个ST序列类型:ST208(8/9)、ST540(1/9);2个克隆群:B群(8/9)、C群(1/9)。结论院内MDRAB主要来源于重症监护病房,blaOXA-51-Like+blaOXA-23+blaTEM-like是主要碳青霉烯耐药模式。院内临床流行的主要序列类型为ST540和ST195,主要的克隆群为A群、D群。ST540、A克隆群MDRAB贯穿整个研究阶段且在多个重症监护病区播散流行。临床与环境MDRAB主要流行的ST序列型和克隆群存在差异。

米诺环素等联合用药并配合中药麻黄升麻汤加减治疗多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌肺炎疗效观察

目的探讨以米诺环素为基础联合用药并配合中药麻黄升麻汤加减治疗多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌肺炎的有效性和安全性。方法选择该院重症监护室(ICU)及ICU观察室于2013-01~2018-03收治的多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌致肺炎患者34例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组17例。对照组予米诺环素(0.2 g/d,首剂加倍)联合头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠大剂量(12 g/d),或联合哌拉西林他唑巴坦(11.25 g/d)等治疗方案。治疗组在此基础上配合中药麻黄升麻汤加减治疗。均以14 d为1个疗程,1个疗程结束后,观察比较两组患者临床总有效率、细菌清除率、血清炎性标志物改善情况。结果治疗组临床总有效率、细菌清除率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组血清炎性标志物改善治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用米诺环素(0.2 g/d,首剂加倍)联合头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠大剂量(12 g/d),或联合哌拉西林他唑巴坦(11.25 g/d),配合中药麻黄升麻汤加减的治疗方案可明显降低血清炎性因子水平,提高对多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌肺炎的临床疗效及鲍曼不动杆菌的细菌清除率,值得临床推广应用。

基于替加环素的联合用药方案对多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌所致呼吸机相关性肺炎的疗效分析（英文）

目的:研究基于替加环素的联合用药方案对多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌所致呼吸机相关性肺炎的治疗效果。方法:采用回顾性分析,对纳入研究的65例多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(MDRAB)所致呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)患者,根据是否使用替加环素分为替加环素组(38例)和非替加环素组(27例)。分析两组临床效果、微生物效果、治疗第7天感染指标[血浆降钙素原(PCT)浓度、白细胞(WBC)计数]、抗生素使用时间、ICU住院时间、医院住院时间以及14天病死率及院内病死率。结果:两组患者临床治疗效果、14天病死率、院内病死率(包括总病死率及归因于MRAB病死率),第7天感染指标、抗生素使用时间、ICU住院时间、医院住院时间等方面差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。但在微生物治疗效果方面替加环素组清除率较非替加环素高(29/76.3%比12/44.4%,P=0.00),非替加环素组病原菌替换或多重感染率高(10/37.0%比4/10.5%,P=0.01)。结论:基于替加环素的联合用药方案对于MDRAB所致VAP疗效与其他联合用药方案无明显差异,但可显著提高细菌清除率。

替加环素联合5种抗菌药物对多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的体外活性

目的评价替加环素分别联合5种临床常用抗不动杆菌属抗菌药物对57株多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的体外抗菌作用。方法琼脂棋盘稀释法测定替加环素分别联合美罗培南、阿米卡星、环丙沙星、粘菌素、舒巴坦对57株对美罗培南、阿米卡星、环丙沙星、米诺环素均耐药的多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),并计算部分抑菌浓度指数(FICI)。结果替加环素与5种抗菌药物联合后表现为协同或不相关作用,其中协同率较高的组合为替加环素+阿米卡星组,50.9%;其次为替加环素+美罗培南组,29.8%,未发现拮抗现象。结论替加环素与5种抗菌药物联合对本组多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌主要表现为不相关作用,但与阿米卡星联合具有相对较高的协同率。