Multiple cycles of magnetic activity in the Sun and Sun-like stars and their evolution

The wavelet transform method for high-quality time-frequency analysis is applied to sets of observations of relative sunspot numbers and stellar chromosphere fluxes of 10 Sun-like stars. Wavelet analysis of solar data shows that in a certain interval of time there are several cycles of activity with pe- riods of duration which vary considerably from each other： from quasi-biennial cycles to lO0-yr cycles. Cyclic activity was detected in almost all Sun-like stars that we examined, even those that previously were not considered as stars with cyclic activity according to analysis using a Scargle periodogram. The durations of solar and stellar cycles significantly change during the observation period.

Multiple cycles of glacier advance and retreat during the Nantuo （Marinoan） glacial termination in the Three Gorges area

The Snowball Earth hypothesis suggests that the sea water had totally been kept frozen for millions of years in Neoproterozoic glaciation, followed by a rapid and catastrophic deglaciation resulting from the elevated concentration of atmospheric CO〉 However, the sedimen- tary records are not consistent with the Snowball Earth hypothesis. The Nantuo Formation in Three Gorges area is composed of diamictites, sandstones and siltstones. The geochronology and the unconformity with underlying Liantuo Formation indicate that the Nantuo Formation in Three Gorges area may be the partial record （i.e., the final stage） of the Nantuo glaciation. Our studies on sedimentary successions of the Nantuo Formation convince the stepwise transition from the Cryogenia icehouse to the Ediacaran greenhouse, in which multiple glacier advance- retreat cycles rather than a catastrophic termination could be identified.

Cycle Multiplicity of Total Graph of Complete Bipartite Graph

Cycle multiplicity of a graph G is the maximum number of edge disjoint cycles in G. In this paper, we determine the cycle multiplicity of and then obtain the formula of cycle multiplicity of total graph of complete bipartite graph, this generalizes the result for, which is given by M.M. Akbar Ali in [1].

Multiple Limit Cycles in an Immune System

The nonlinear oscillatory phenomenon has been observed in the system of immune response, which corresponds to the limit cycles in the mathematical models. We prove that the system simulating an immune response studied by Huang has at least three limit cycles in the system. The conditions for the multiple limit cycles are useful in analyzing the nonlinear oscillation in immune response.

THE CRITERION FOR THE STABILITY OF A MULTIPLE LIMIT CYCLE UNDER HIGHER DEGENERATIONS

In this paper, we obtain the exact computation formulae to determine the stability of a multiple limit cycle with the third or fourth order degenerations. We employ the method of computing the expansion of the Poincar′e map around the closed orbit using 'normal bundle' coordinates parameterized by time variable in a neighborhood of the closed orbit. An example is given to show the feasibility of our results.

High-Speed EMU TCMS Design and LCC Technology Research

This paper introduces the high-speed electrical multiple unit （EMO） life cycle, including the design, manufacturing, testing, and maintenance stages. It also presents the train control and monitoring system （TCMS） software development platform, the TCMS testing and verification bench, the EMU driving simulation platform, and the EMU remote data transmittal and maintenance platform. All these platforms and benches combined together make up the EMU life cycle cost （LCC） system. Each platform facilitates EMU LCC management and is an important part of the system.

Recycle Adsorption of Cu2＋ on Amine-functionalized Mesoporous Silica Monolithic

3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane functionalized worm-like mesoporous silica monolithic（WMSM-NH2） was prepared and used as a new regenerable adsorbent for the removal of Cu2＋ ions. The analysis results show that the WMSM-NH2 monolithic had a high efficiency value of 99.3% for Cu2＋ remediation when the Cu2＋ solution was at an initial concentration of 10.32 mg/L. The regeneration study of the WMSM-NH2 monolithic presented that the adsorp- tion efficiency of 89.0% was remained and a mass of 92.0% was left after seven adsorption-desorption cycles were executed. The monolithic material with high resistance to the acid and good mechanical stability can facilitate the operations of adsorption and regeneration of the adsorbent.

On limit cycle chattering in sliding mode control systems under the influence of sampling intervals based on describing function approach

In this paper, the influence of sampling intervals on the chattering in sliding mode （SM） control systems is considered. The describing function （DF） approach is employed to analyze the chattering characteristics in the sampling SM control. By the DF calculations and limit cycle existence conditions, an unstable limit cycle and two stable limit cycles are found in the SM control system. The frequencies and amplitudes of the two limit cycles can also be estimated by graphical calculations. The estimation accuracy of chattering parameters is evaluated by the simulations. The results of simulations show that the system could converge to a large and a small limit cycle from different initial conditions.