Shannon information capacity of time reversal wideband multiple-input multiple-output system based on correlated statistical channels

Utilizing channel reciprocity, time reversal（TR） technique increases the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） at the receiver with very low transmitter complexity in complex multipath environment. Present research works about TR multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication all focus on the system implementation and network building. The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of antenna coupling on the capacity of wideband TR MIMO system, which is a realistic question in designing a practical communication system. It turns out that antenna coupling stabilizes the capacity in a small variation range with statistical wideband channel response. Meanwhile, antenna coupling only causes a slight detriment to the channel capacity in a wideband TR MIMO system. Comparatively, uncorrelated stochastic channels without coupling exhibit a wider range of random capacity distribution which greatly depends on the statistical channel. The conclusions drawn from information difference entropy theory provide a guideline for designing better high-performance wideband TR MIMO communication systems.

Performance of terahertz channel with multiple input multiple output techniques

Terahertz(THz) communication is being considered as a potential solution to mitigate the demand for high bandwidth. The characteristic of THz band is relatively different from present wireless channel and imposes technical challenges in the design and development of communication systems. Due to the high path loss in THz band,wireless THz communication can be used for relatively short distances. Even,for a distance of few meters( > 5 m),the absorption coefficient is very high and hence the performance of the system is poor. The use of multiple antennas for wireless communication systems has gained overwhelming interest during the last two decades.Multiple Input Multiple Output( MIMO) Spatial diversity technique has been exploited in this paper to improve the performance in terahertz band. The results show that the Bit Error Rate( BER) is considerably improved for short distance( < 5 m) with MIMO. However,as the distance increases,the improvement in the error performance is not significant even with increase in the order of diversity. This is because,as distance increases,in some frequency bands the signal gets absorbed by water vapor and results in poor transmission. Adaptive modulation scheme is implemented to avoid these error prone frequencies. Adaptive modulation with receiver diversity is proposed in this work and has improved the BER performance of the channel for distance greater than 5 m.

Target estimation using MIMO radar with multiple subcarriers

This paper analyzes the effect of waveform parame- ters on the joint target location and velocity estimation by a non- coherent multiple input multiple output （MIMO） radar transmitting multiple subcarriers signals. How the number of subcarriers in- fluences the estimation accuracy is illustrated by considering the joint Cramer-Rao bound and the mean square error of the maxi- mum likelihood estimate. The non-coherent MIMO radar ambiguity function with multiple subcarriers is developed and investigated by changing the number of subcarriers, the pulse width and the frequency spacing between adjacent subcarriers. The numerical results show that more subcarriers mean more accurate estimates, higher localization resolution, and larger pulse width results in a worse performance of target location estimation, while the fre- quency spacing affects target location estimation little.

Switching between multiplexing and diversity in MIMO systems with QoS provisioning

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication systems can significantly improve the spectrum efficiency or transmission reliability through spatial multiplexing or diversity respectively.Most of previous works mainly have focused on the multiplexing-diversity tradeoff or switching between multiplexing and diversity without considering the property of heterogeneous QoS provisioning.In this paper,switching between multiplexing and diversity in MIMO system with the heterogeneous QoS provisioning is studied.Firstly the QoS provisioning for users are classified into two classes:users with real time service requirement and users with non-real time service requirement respectively.Then based on the heterogeneous QoS Provisioning for users,two different switching criterions are proposed,switching based on the Euclidean distance for users with real time service to minimize the probability of symbol error and capacity-based switching criterion for users with non-real time service to maximize the transmission capacity respectively.Finally,numerical simulation results are illustrated to demonstrate the performance of proposed scheme.

A Survey of Downlink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for 5G Wireless Communication Networks

Non-orthogonal multiple access （NOMA） has been recognized as a promising multiple access technique for the next generation cel-lular communication networks. In this paper, we first discuss a simple NOMA model with two users served by a single-carrier si-multaneously to illustrate its basic principles. Then, a more general model with multicarrier serving an arbitrary number of users on each subcarrier is also discussed. An overview of existing works on performance analysis, resource allocation, and multiple-in-put multiple-output NOMA are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, we discuss the key features of NOMA and its potential re-search challenges.

Improved List Sphere Decoder for Multiple Antenna Systems

An improved list sphere decoder （ILSD） is proposed based on the conventional list sphere decoder （LSD） and the reduced- complexity maximum likelihood sphere-decoding algorithm. Unlike the conventional LSD with fixed initial radius, the ILSD adopts an adaptive radius to accelerate the list cdnstruction. Characterized by low-complexity and radius-insensitivity, the proposed algorithm makes iterative joint detection and decoding more realizable in multiple-antenna systems. Simulation results show that computational savings of ILSD over LSD are more apparent with more transmit antennas or larger constellations, and with no performance degradation. Because the complexity of the ILSD algorithm almost keeps invariant with the increasing of initial radius, the BER performance can be improved by selecting a sufficiently large radius.

ANALYSIS OF TRANSMIT BEAMFORMING PERFORMANCE ON MULTIPLE-TRANSMIT BINARY ZCZ WAVEFORMS

The Transmit BeamForming (TBF) technology, applied in a multiple-transmit radar system, is studied in this paper, where multiple elements of antenna array transmit binary Zero Correlation Zones Orthogonal Signals (ZCZ-OS) independently. For each Direction Of Arrival (DOA) with respect to the transmitting array, the analysis on the gain and sidelobe level of TBF output is presented. This paper focuses on the range sidelobes performance within the main beam (in angle domain). For the normal direction, due to the inherent phase property of ZCZ-OS, the TBF output has part zero sidelobes area, of which the distribution is discussed. For the other directions, a systematic search algorithm to optimize the transmission order of signals is proposed for an optimal relationship chart of DOA and transmission order. The range sidelobe performance within the main beam can be improved as the optimal transmission order is adopted.

QSM-IDM -A novel quadrature spatial modulation based on interleaving division multiplexing for multiple antenna system

Quadrature Spatial Modulation (QSM) is a high spectral efficiency Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique used to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems. The main concept of QSM is to extend the spatial constellation of the conventional Spatial Modulation (SM) in both the in-phase and quadrature components of the data symbol. In this paper, because QSM-based on Interleaxdng Division Multiplexing (IDM) has not been introduced in the literature as a multiple antenna system, we introduced a novel scheme, called QSM system based on Interleaving Division Multiplexing (QSM-IDM). The antenna sets are also applied to a spreader, before being used to assign an antenna number for information transmission. Analysis and simulations for a flat fading channel show that the proposed QSM-IDM method significantly outperforms the original QSM system with the same data rate, while maintaining a relatively acceptable complexity. The obtained simulation results show that the conducted analysis yields significant improvements for the accuracy of the proposed scheme, with satisfactory complexity.

MSMSE-based optimal beamforming design and simplification on AF MIMO two-way relay channels

An optimal cooperative beamforming for the amplify-and-forward (AF) MIMO two-way relay channels was designed. Supposing the channel state information (CSI) was perfectly known by the receiver and transmitter as well as the relay, optimal beamforming vectors (matrices) of all nodes were jointly designed based on the criterion of minimizing the sum mean square errors (MSMSE). The analysis result shows that the performance effect of transmitting and receiving beamforming pairs is to maximize the receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at two communication nodes, and the rank of the optimal relay beamforming matrix is no larger than two when there is only one data stream at each source node. A simplified algorithm was put forward to accomplish the design based on the analysis conclusions. Simulation results provide that the system performance, which is characterized in terms of bit error rates (BER), is significantly improved by cooperative beamforming, and the performance of the simplified method is not only very close to the optimal one but also with faster iteration speed and much lower computational complexity.

Joint Tomlinson-Harashima Source and Linear Relay Precoder Design in Amplify-and-Forward Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Two-Way Relay Systems

Existing minimum-mean-squared-error (MMSE) transceiver designs in amplified-and-forward (AF) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way relay systems all assume a linear precoder at the sources. Non-linear source precoders in such a system have not been considered yet. In this paper, we study the joint design of source Tomlinson-Harashima precoders (THPs), relay linear precoder and MMSE receivers in two-way relay systems. This joint design problem is a highly nonconvex optimization problem. By dividing the original problem into three sub-problems, we propose an iterative algorithm to optimize precoders and receivers. The convergence of the algorithm is ensured since the updated solution is optimal to each sub-problem. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed iterative algorithm outperforms other algorithms in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region.

6G典型场景中的超高密度网络下大规模MIMO的干扰管理技术

深入分析6G中超高密度网络下大规模多输入输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)的干扰情况,详细介绍预编码技术、功率控制技术、干扰协调技术以及智能干扰管理技术等传统干扰管理技术,并探讨空天地一体化网络中的干扰管理以及量子通信与计算在干扰管理中的潜在应用等新型干扰管理技术。通过对这些技术的研究和分析,为6G超高密度网络下大规模MIMO的干扰管理提供了理论支持和实践指导。

协作多小区大规模MIMO系统中基于协方差的活跃设备检测

聚焦于多小区大规模多输入多输出(MIMO,Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)系统中基于协方差的活跃设备检测问题。在该系统中,活跃设备向多个基站传输其导频序列,基站根据接收到的信号协作地检测活跃设备。在单小区场景下,基于协方差的活跃设备检测模型的尺度定律(Scaling Law)已在文献中得到广泛分析,旨在分析基于协方差的活跃设备检测模型在多小区大规模MIMO系统中的尺度定律。具体来说,在衰落信道的路径损耗指数γ>2的情况下,建立了多小区系统中的二次尺度定律。这一结果表明,在多小区大规模MIMO系统中,当天线数趋于无穷大时,每个小区能够正确检测出的活跃设备数量的最大值随导频序列的长度呈二次方增长,且随着小区数量呈对数减少。此外,除了分析由球面上均匀分布生成的导频序列的尺度定律,还建立了由有限字母表生成的导频序列的尺度定律,这类序列更易于生成和存储。最后,提出了两种高效的加速坐标下降(CD,Coordinate Descent)算法来求解活跃设备检测问题,它们都具有收敛性保证。第一种算法通过非精确坐标更新策略来降低CD算法的复杂度;第二种算法利用积极集选择策略避免了CD算法中不必要的计算。仿真结果表明,所提出的算法在计算效率和检测错误概率方面表现出色。

低复杂度的大规模MIMO分布式信道估计

针对大规模多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)系统传统信道矩阵获取方式导频开销大、计算复杂度高的问题,提出了一种低复杂度的二阶段分布式信道估计方案。该方案的初始阶段在基站侧采用传统压缩感知算法恢复信道矩阵,第2阶段在用户端利用信道的时间相关性,将大规模MIMO的角度域信道分解为密集部分和稀疏部分,并分别估计以实现连续信道追踪。稀疏部分信道通过所提的分布式自适应弱匹配追踪(distributed adaptive weak matching pursuit,DAWMP)算法,利用子信道的联合稀疏性进行多维重建。相比于线性最小均方误差(linear minimum mean square error,LMMSE)算法,所提方案的信道分解策略有效减少了在用户端进行信道估计的计算复杂度。仿真结果表明,所提算法与经典压缩感知信道估计算法相比,计算复杂度降低了约33%,算法性能提升了约0.5 dB。

MIMO雷达分组正交波形集优化设计方法

在现代电子对抗中,数字射频存储(DRFM)设备能够快速截获机载脉冲多普勒雷达信号,能够实现对多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的干扰。MIMO雷达可基于多组相互正交的波形集来对抗DRFM干扰。同时,为最大化MIMO雷达波形分集增益,每个脉冲内发射的波形也需要正交。为了平衡组内和组间的正交性,文中建立了一种分组正交波形集优化模型,其目标函数为组内和组间相关函数性能评估指标值的加权和;为了求解该优化问题,提出了一种分组正交波形集设计方法。所提方法将原优化问题简化为p-范数优化问题,基于MM算法导出了最小化目标函数的迭代求解表达式。仿真结果表明,所提方法可通过改变权重系数来灵活平衡MIMO雷达的干扰抑制性能和距离压缩性能。

基于SWIPT的无小区大规模MIMO-NOMA系统能量效率研究

无小区大规模多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)与非正交多址接入(Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access,NOMA)都是未来6G的使能技术。无线携能通信(Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer,SWIPT)技术在进行信息解码的同时收集能量,与无小区大规模MIMO-NOMA优势互补。文中基于SWIPT研究无小区大规模MIMO-NOMA系统中的能量效率问题,通过联合优化功率分配系数和SWIPT的时隙切换(Time Switching,TS)系数,提高系统的能量效率。为了最大化能量效率,采用布谷鸟算法设计功率分配系数。考虑一种特殊情况,将所有终端的TS系数设置相同,进而推导了最佳TS系数的封闭表达式。仿真结果表明,相较于几种已有方案,文中提出的优化方案可以显著提升系统的能量效率。

一种基于稀疏重构的多视角MIMO雷达关联成像算法研究

为改善复杂目标的成像表现、提升雷达图像的视觉效果,提出一种基于稀疏重构的多视角多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)雷达关联成像方法,设计了多视角雷达散射面积(radar cross section,RCS)起伏的稀疏重构关联成像模型。所提算法能提高辐射场信号随机性,改善复杂目标雷达关联成像参考信号与回波之间相关性退化的情况,减小多视角RCS起伏对相关性的影响,提升多视角下的关联成像质量。最后,通过仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。

宽带太赫兹大规模MIMO系统中的混合预编码

针对宽带太赫兹大规模多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)通信系统中更大的带宽和更多的天线导致的波束分裂问题,构建了基于时延的宽带太赫兹大规模MIMO系统的混合预编码通信模型,并提出了一种高效且可实现的联合时延和相位的宽带太赫兹混合预编码算法。考虑到时延器值的硬件限制,通过最小化最优模拟预编码与等效模拟预编码之间的差来联合优化模拟预编码矩阵和数字预编码矩阵,将联合优化问题转换成目标优化问题,通过将非凸问题转换成等价的凸问题来求全局最优解。仿真结果表明,提出的算法可以获得接近最优的可实现速率性能,且可以提高能量效率。

具有无线携能技术的MIMO-NOMA系统

用户干扰降低了毫米波大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)非正交多址接入(NOMA)系统的频谱效率和能量效率,针对这一问题,提出将无线携能技术(SWIPT)引入基于混合预编码(HP)的MIMO-NOMA系统,并设计了用户分组、混合预编码以及功率分配方案。首先,提出了簇头选择算法,以设计模拟预编码,基于等效信道相关性进行用户分组,并最大化等效信道增益设计数字预编码;其次,为追求用户间的公平性,提出一种基于二分的功率分配方案,以实现最小可达速率最大化。理论分析和仿真结果表明,信噪比(SNR)为5dB时,相较于现有的具有无限携能的正交多址方案,所提方案在全连接架构下频谱效率提升约24.8%,在子连接架构下能量效率提升约24.6%。

基于改进广义正交匹配追踪的低地球轨道卫星MIMO-OTFS系统的信道估计方法

针对基于多输入多输出(MIMO)技术和正交时频空间(OTFS)调制的低地球轨道卫星系统的复杂性带来的信道估计困难问题,提出一种基于改进广义正交匹配追踪(GOMP)的信道估计方法。根据单输入单输出(SISO)-OTFS系统的输入输出关系和低地球轨道卫星信道的传播特性,建立一种基于MIMO-OTFS的低地球轨道卫星信道模型,并将系统的信道估计问题转化为稀疏信号的恢复问题。考虑到传统的GOMP算法存在对稀疏度的过度依赖和对稀疏信号的重构精度差等问题,所提方法结合了分段弱正交匹配追踪(SWOMP)的弱选择思想和广义Jaccard系数的相似性准则,以快速准确地重建稀疏信号。仿真结果表明,当天线数为16且导频开销比为0.5时,与正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法相比,所提方法的归一化均方误差(NMSE)降低了约2.5 dB,误码率(BER)降低了约5 dB。

重叠阵元时分复用MIMO雷达多目标参数估计方法研究

针对多普勒-角度耦合和速度模糊问题,该文提出一种基于重叠阵元MIMO阵列的多目标参数估计方法。该方法基于虚拟孔径原理,在传统MIMO天线阵列中引入重叠阵元,构建重叠阵元MIMO天线阵列。通过在角度快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法中引入循环迭代的方法估计阵列位置参数,利用重叠阵元回波信号的相位差值进行频率估计。同时,引入频谱搬移方法对速度区间进行转换,实现多目标的距离和速度估计。通过蒙特卡罗仿真实验,信噪比15 dB的条件下,解模糊正确率为100%,速度误差为0.1 m/s,角度误差为0.1°。基于城市交通场景采集的车辆数据集进行测试,测试结果表明,该方法能够实现对车辆目标的速度和角度精确估计,可满足交通雷达对车辆信息监测的实时性和准确性需求。