Blind channel estimation for multiple antenna OFDM system subject to unknown carrier frequency offset

The problem of channel estimation for multiple an- tenna orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） systems subject to unknown carrier frequency offset （CFO） is addressed. Multiple signal classification （MUSIC）-Iike algorithm, which generally has been used for direction estimation or frequency estimation, is used for channel estimation in multiple antenna OFDM systems. A reduced dimensional （RD）-MUSIC based algorithm for channel estimation is proposed in multiple antenna OFDM systems with unknown CFO. The Cramer-Rao bound （CRB） of channel estimation in multiple antenna OFDM systems with unknown CFO is derived. The proposed algorithm has a superior performance of channel estimation compared with the Capon method and the least squares method.

Joint timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition algorithm for MIMO OFDM systems

For multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） systems, a joint timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition algorithm based on fractional Fourier transform （FRFT） is proposed. The linear frequency modulation signals superimposed on the data signals are used as the training signals. By performing FRFT on the received signals and searching the peak value of the FRFT results, the receiver can realize timing synchronization and frequency offset acquisition simultaneously. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm can provide better timing synchronization performance and larger frequency offset acquisition range even under multi-path channels with low signal to noise ratio. Theoretical analysis and simulation results prove this point.

Joint Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) & Walsh-Hadamard Transform: Enhancing the Receiver Performance

Non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) is a new access method to achieve high performance gains in terms of capacity and throughput, so it is currently under consideration as one of the candidates for fifth generation(5 G) technologies. NOMA utilizes power domain in order to superimpose signals of multiple users in a single transmitted signal. This creates a lot of interference at the receive side. Although the use of successive interference cancellation(SIC) technique reduces the interference, but to further improve the receiver performance, in this paper, we have proposed a joint Walsh-Hadamard transform(WHT) and NOMA approach for achieving better performance gains than the conventional NOMA. WHT is a well-known code used in communication systems and is used as an orthogonal variable spreading factor(OVSF) in communication systems. Application of WHT to NOMA results in low bit error rate(BER) and high throughput performance for both low and high channel gain users. Further, it also reduces peak to average power ratio(PAPR) of the user signal. The results are discussed in terms of comparison between the conventionalNOMA and the proposed technique, which shows that it offers high performance gains in terms of low BER at different SNR levels, reduced PAPR, high user throughput performance and better spectral efficiency.

A NOVEL SEMI-BLIND TIME-FREQUENCY DOMAIN TRACKING ALGORITHM SUITABLE FOR MPSK-OFDM

This paper presents a semi-blind tracking algorithm used for Multiple Phase Shift Keying based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(MPSK-OFDM) system. By using special pream-bles to assist the decision of a feedback loop and to solve the problem of phase ambiguity,the tracking performance of the algorithm has been improved greatly. Only a few preambles are needed in the al-gorithm since the preambles are not used to estimate the frequency offset but used to provide the variation information of the phase due to the presence of frequency offset. Simulations verify that the algorithm has low SNR bound for tracking as well as high tracking accuracy and the tracking range is expanded to 30% of one subcarrier spacing.

Bayesian integer frequency offset estimator for MIMO-OFDM systems

Carrier frequency offset （CFO） in MIMO-OFDM systems can be decoupled into two parts： fraction frequency offset （FFO） and integer frequency offset （IFO）. The problem of IFO estimation is addressed and a new IFO estimator based on the Bayesian philosophy is proposed. Also, it is shown that the Bayesian IFO estimator is optimal among all the IFO estimators. Furthermore, the Bayesian estimator can take advantage of oversampling so that better performance can be obtained. Finally, numerical results show the optimality of the Bayesian estimator and validate the theoretical analysis.

Particle filter for joint frequency offset and channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM systems

A particle filter is proposed to perform joint estimation of the carrier frequency offset （CFO） and the channel in multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （MIMO-OFDM） wireless communication systems. It marginalizes out the channel parameters from the sampling space in sequential importance sampling （SIS）, and propagates them with the Kalman filter. Then the importance weights of the CFO particles are evaluated according to the imaginary part of the error between measurement and estimation. The varieties of particles are maintained by sequential importance resampling （SIR）. Simulation results demonstrate this algorithm can estimate the CFO and the channel parameters with high accuracy. At the same time, some robustness is kept when the channel model has small variations.

GDS-MIMO-OFDM雷达通信一体化波形设计

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)雷达通信一体化波形存在的通信速率较低、自相关旁瓣较高的问题,提出了一种基于Gold码扩频的多输入多输出-正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)雷达通信一体化波形。将MIMO-OFDM与扩频序列相结合,利用相关性较好的Gold码对通信信息进行扩频,再与OFDM脉冲符号进行调制,进而设计出一种既能提高通信速率又能改善雷达性能的一体化波形。仿真实验证明,较相同仿真条件下的Gold-OFDM、脉冲压缩-正交频分复用(PC-OFDM)一体化波形而言,所设计的一体化波形的通信速率能够倍数提高且可以在不影响通信性能的前提下降低信号模糊函数的旁瓣,从而改善一体化系统的雷达性能。

采用CNN的MIMO-OFDM可见光通信接收机

为了克服多输入多输出(MIMO)-正交频分复用(OFDM)可见光通信(VLC)系统中存在的信号串扰、高峰均功率比、发光二极管(LED)的带宽受限和非线性效应等问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的VLC接收机.该接收机通过对接收端失真信号和发射端原始信号的学习,能够实现MIMO-OFDM可见光通信系统的信号解调,有效提升系统对非线性失真的抑制能力并具有较低的复杂度.实验结果表明,与最小二乘法接收机相比,CNN接收机能有效补偿信号受到的线性和非线性失真以及不同用户间的信号串扰,平均误码率提升超过一个数量级,同时有效克服LED带宽受限问题,比特传输速率提升53%.

Multi-h C波段导航信号调制方式及性能评估

近年来,L波段(1164~1610 MHz)频谱拥挤日渐严重,我国北斗卫星导航系统可用资源明显不足,基于频谱资源的不可再生性,探索研究新频段迫在眉睫。鉴于目前C波段导航信号设计尚不成熟,各国对C波段卫星导航信号体制也都还处于探索研究阶段,我国有必要预先开展C波段卫星导航信号研究。处于C波段中5010~5030 MHz的卫星导航信号具有较少的频谱干扰、较低的电离层误差等显著优势,但仅有的20 MHz带宽对诸如射电天文业务(Radio Astronomy Service,RAS)和微波着陆系统(Microwave Landing System,MLS)等相邻业务频段的射频兼容性要求极为严苛。首先提出将多调制指数(Multi-h)的正交频分复用-连续相位调制(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Continuous Phase Modulation,OFDM-CPM)联合调制方式应用于C波段卫星导航;其次,在分析关键参数对Multi-h OFDM-CPM信号功率谱特性影响后,选取关联长度L为64、调制指数h为0.5的单调制指数(Single-h)OFDM-CPM(10)信号和h为[1/16,3/16]的Multi-h OFDM-CPM(10)信号作为C波段候选导航信号;最后,对包括兼容性、码跟踪精度、抗多径干扰在内的基础导航性能指标进行评估。研究表明,OFDM-CPM调制方式能很好兼顾C波段信号的带外约束性和导航性能要求,OFDM-CPM(10)h=[1/16,3/16]信号在所述各个基础导航性能指标上均表现最佳,在兼容性方面能弥补OFDM-CPM(10)h=0.5信号的略微不足。然而考虑到多调制指数会增加接收机复杂度,因此在C波段导航中,只有当接收机采用低复杂度检测算法时,Multi-h OFDM-CPM信号才会是比Single-h OFDM-CPM信号更佳的选择。

面向小型无人机的OFDM-MIMO雷达信号设计和处理方法

随着空域的逐渐开放,以小型无人机为代表的低慢小目标,其有效检测对维护安全非常重要。然而,低慢小目标具有飞行高度低、飞行速度慢及雷达散射截面积(Radar Cross Section,RCS)小的特点,加之电磁环境复杂多变,使其难以被传统低分辨雷达发现。为了提升雷达的低截获性能和成像分辨率,本文提出了一种基于步进正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)的多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO)雷达信号设计和处理方法。该方法是将窄带OFDM信号与非线性步进方案相结合,通过非线性步进方案控制MIMO发射信号的载频,获得发射端正交波形和大射频带宽,使得雷达接收机的天线孔径获得明显扩展,从而提升雷达的低截获性能和角度分辨率,同时实现低采样速率下的高距离分辨率。在雷达接收端,利用发射波形之间的正交性分离各通道回波,然后基于改进离散傅里叶变换(Discrete FourierTransform,DFT)和解码的处理方法,校正了非线性步进方案产生的相位误差,生成目标的三维高分辨成像。本文在77 GHz载频下设计仿真,验证所提方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,所提方法相比现有方法,在低信噪比下具有较高的三维成像分辨率,而且没有明显增加信号处理的复杂度。然而,该方法减小了最大无模糊速度。此外,本文讨论了步长数对雷达性能的影响,仿真结果表明,随着步长数的增加,最大无模糊速度减小,角度分辨率提升,为实际应用场景下步进OFDM-MIMO雷达的信号设计提供理论指导。

低频部署下MIMO-OFDM通信系统的频谱利用效率分析

主要深入研究低频部署下多进多出-正交频分复用(Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,MIMO-OFDM)通信系统的频谱利用效率,探讨低频部署对系统性能的影响,并提出相应的优化策略。详细分析低频部署对信号传输性能和频谱利用效率的影响,评估频谱利用效率,提出针对低频部署的MIMO-OFDM系统的优化策略,最后探讨低频部署下MIMO-OFDM系统的适用场景,为实际应用提供一些建议。

时变MIMO通信系统中基于CNN的改进LS信道估计

为了实现无线通信智能化,本文针对时变大规模多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)毫米波通信系统的信道估计进行研究。在通信系统中采用时变的Saleh-Valenzuela信道模型描述信道,该模型通过对信道的复增益引入马尔可夫过程来体现信道的时变性,可以更加精确地描述毫米波信道。针对传统的信道估计算法存在迭代次数多、收敛速度慢、计算量大等问题,本文提出一种基于卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)的改进最小二乘(least square,LS)信道估计算法,该算法在对接收导频信号进行LS算法处理后,再将LS信道估计值输入到搭建好的卷积神经网络模型中进行处理,对时变的信道信息进行降噪和特征提取,实现对时变的Saleh-Valenzuela信道的高精度估计。该算法相较于传统的信道估计算法具有迭代次数少、速度快等优点,可以对相干时间内的时变MIMO信道进行高精度估计,实现信道估计精度的大幅度提升。

基于正交频分复用-多进制正交幅度调制的DC-DC变换器能量信息一体化技术

电力电子变换器通过功率与数据信息的复合调制,可使其在电能变换传输的同时进行数据信息的传输,从而实现能量信息一体化。该文以交错并联DC-DC变换器为研究对象,提出基于正交频分复用-多进制正交幅度调制(OFDM-MQAM)的能量信息一体化方法,并详细介绍变换器进行OFDM-MQAM的原理和具体实现方式,使能量信息一体化传输中的通信速率得到提升。建立变换器传输电能和信息的数学模型,在模型基础上计算分析输出电压纹波与数据信息传输的关系,并以此提出带有码元组合补零环节的OFDM-MQAM,大幅优化通信所引起的电压纹波。此外,针对多路载波引起的相位延时,通过所设计的解调环节避免OFDM系统的信道间和符号间干扰。最后通过一台交错并联的5 V/10 V Boost变换器完成了技术方法的实验验证。

基于子载波间干扰深度估计的MIMO-OFDM水声通信接收机

多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)水声通信系统中,由于子载波间干扰(ICI)对信号的影响程度未知,导致接收处理时干扰消除不完全或计算复杂度高。针对这一问题,该文提出一种迭代的基于子载波间干扰深度估计的MIMO-OFDM接收机。该接收机使用导频频域相关对每个发射信号的子载波间干扰深度进行估计,信道估计时利用估计出的干扰深度重建各个信道的频域矩阵,避免对不同信道选择相同的干扰深度,在自适应信道变化的同时降低了计算复杂度。此外,将判决反馈均衡引入MIMO-OFDM水声通信系统,利用已均衡出的符号信息消除子载波间干扰。仿真结果表明,该接收机相比于干扰深度渐进的接收机,译码成功所需的时间更短。

基于联合特征参数和一维CNN的MIMO-OFDM系统调制识别算法

针对当前非协作通信中多输入多输出正交频分复用(multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,MIMO-OFDM)系统子载波的调制识别问题,提出了一种基于一维卷积神经网络(one-dimensional convolutional neural network,1D-CNN)的调制识别方法。首先,利用特征矩阵的联合近似对角化(joint approximate diagonalization of eigenvalue matrix,JADE)算法从接收端的混合信号中恢复发送信号;然后,提取恢复信号的循环谱切片和四次方谱作为浅层特征;最后,利用1D-CNN对特征进行训练,使用测试样本对所提出的调制识别方法进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,所提方法对MIMO-OFDM系统中的5种信号可以进行有效识别,在信噪比为10 dB时的识别精度即可达到100%。

基于FRFT的单基地MIMO雷达稳健波束形成算法

以单基地多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)雷达系统为研究对象,针对线性调频(linear frequency modulation,LFM)形式的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)信号,提出了一种新的稳健自适应波束形成算法。所提算法首先利用LFM信号的特性,对匹配滤波后的雷达回波信号进行分数阶傅里叶变换(fractional Fourier transform,FRFT),经化简得到峰值点作为阵列的观测值。而后,利用观测值构建接收信号的协方差矩阵,并使用Capon谱估计方法重构干扰加噪声数据协方差矩阵。最后,通过求解优化问题估计实际导向矢量,从而得到阵列的最优权值。通过计算机仿真实验,验证了所提算法的有效性。

多普勒模糊下的FMCWMIMO雷达目标参数估计方法

近年来,随着智能驾驶技术的不断发展,毫米波雷达作为汽车安全控制系统的核心组件受到了广泛关注。时分复用(TDM)多输入多输出(MIMO)调频连续波(FMCW)雷达因具有低硬件成本和高角度分辨率的优势而被广泛应用于汽车雷达,但TDMMIMO在实际应用中还存在对运动目标检测易出现速度模糊和角度模糊问题,导致检测误差变大,对于自动驾驶场景存在一定的安全隐患。为解决上述TDM MIMO FMCW雷达存在检测误差高的问题,提出了在多普勒模糊下的FMCW MIMO雷达目标参数估计方法,在不增加额外硬件开销的前提下,可确保算法在低复杂度下提升监测的时效性,解决了速度模糊和相位偏移问题;利用加Kaiser窗FFT波束形成方法对目标角度进行测量,从而得到更精准的目标信息。仿真和实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。

MIMO-OFDM无线通信传输与检测技术研究

多输入多输出-正交频分复用(Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,MIMO-OFDM)无线通信系统是一种采用多输入多输出和正交频分复用技术相结合的高效传输方案。深入研究MIMO-OFDM无线通信系统的传输与检测技术,研究结果表明,MIMO-OFDM系统在提高容量、可靠性和抗干扰能力方面具有巨大潜力,对未来无线通信技术的发展具有重要的应用价值。

OFDM调制技术在宽带高速电力线通信中的应用

介绍了电力线用做通信介质时高频部分的特性 ,以及应用于高速宽带电力线通信的 OFDM(正交频分复用 )调制的基本原理 ;分析了 OFDM应用于电力线通信的性能 ,并与其他调制技术进行了比较 ;结合一个典型应用的例子 ,介绍了国际上研究的最新进展。

基于时频联合扩频的OFDM-CDMA性能分析

提出了一种基于OFDM CDMA系统的新型时频2维联合扩频的方法,详细介绍了相应的系统结构以及接收机中不同的解扩合并方式.仿真结果表明,在时频选择性衰落信道中使用联合扩频方式的系统性能要优于MC CDMA系统.