Air combat decision-making of multiple UCAVs based on constraint strategy games

Game theory can be applied to the air combat decision-making problem of multiple unmanned combat air vehicles(UCAVs).However,it is difficult to have satisfactory decision-making results completely relying on air combat situation information,because there is a lot of time-sensitive information in a complex air combat environment.In this paper,a constraint strategy game approach is developed to generate intelligent decision-making for multiple UCAVs in complex air combat environment with air combat situation information and time-sensitive information.Initially,a constraint strategy game is employed to model attack-defense decision-making problem in complex air combat environment.Then,an algorithm is proposed for solving the constraint strategy game based on linear programming and linear inequality(CSG-LL).Finally,an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Treatment Strategy for Recurrent Multiple Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has some unique characteristics in the digestive organ cancer. Therefore it is very important to select an appropriate treatment for recurrent HCC according to several situations such as the type of recurrence, previous treatments and conditions of patient. This article is a review of the concept of recurrent multiple HCC and its therapeutic strategies.

Optimized routing strategy for complex network with multiple priorities

Different loads in the network require distinct Qo S standard, while present routing strategies for complex networks ignored this fact. To solve this problem, we designed a routing strategy RS-MP with multiple priorities by which packets are classified into privileged-packets and common-packets. In RS-MP, privileged-packets route by the Shortest Path Algorithm, and do not need to queue up. Common-packets＇ routes are determined by a new factor BJmax of the network. The BJmax stands for the largest betweenness centrality. By minimizing BJmax, the throughout capacity of the network can be maximized. The simulation results show that RS-MP can guarantee privileged-packets with the shortest path length and smallest delay, and maximized throughout capacity for common packets in the no-congestion state.

Multiple Balance Strategies for Humanoid Standing Control

完整状态的反馈参量的控制器为响应冲动、经常的推承受类人动物机器人的平衡被建议。多重机器人模型被用来处于人的站的平衡接近多重策略。为每个模型，我们设计对每个州的变量起作用的一个参量的控制器并且为不同的推尺寸，方向，和地点优化控制器参数。每个控制器的表演响应不同的外部推被显示出。由比较在每策略处理骚乱的能力，到承受平衡的每个关节的贡献也被探索。

Using Multiple Risk Factors and Generalized Linear Mixed Models with 5-Fold Cross-Validation Strategy for Optimal Carotid Plaque Progression Prediction

Background Cardiovascular diseases are closely linked to atherosclerotic plaque development and rupture.Plaque progression prediction is of fundamental significance to cardiovascular research and disease diagnosis,prevention,and treatment.Generalized linear mixed models(GLMM)is an extension of linear model for categorical responses while considering the correlation among observations.Methods Magnetic resonance image(MRI)data of carotid atheroscleroticplaques were acquired from 20 patients with consent obtained and 3D thin-layer models were constructed to calculate plaque stress and strain for plaque progression prediction.Data for ten morphological and biomechanical risk factors included wall thickness(WT),lipid percent(LP),minimum cap thickness(MinCT),plaque area(PA),plaque burden(PB),lumen area(LA),maximum plaque wall stress(MPWS),maximum plaque wall strain(MPWSn),average plaque wall stress(APWS),and average plaque wall strain(APWSn)were extracted from all slices for analysis.Wall thickness increase(WTI),plaque burden increase(PBI)and plaque area increase(PAI) were chosen as three measures for plaque progression.Generalized linear mixed models(GLMM)with 5-fold cross-validation strategy were used to calculate prediction accuracy for each predictor and identify optimal predictor with the highest prediction accuracy defined as sum of sensitivity and specificity.All 201 MRI slices were randomly divided into 4 training subgroups and 1 verification subgroup.The training subgroups were used for model fitting,and the verification subgroup was used to estimate the model.All combinations(total1023)of 10 risk factors were feed to GLMM and the prediction accuracy of each predictor were selected from the point on the ROC(receiver operating characteristic)curve with the highest sum of specificity and sensitivity.Results LA was the best single predictor for PBI with the highest prediction accuracy(1.360 1),and the area under of the ROC curve(AUC)is0.654 0,followed by APWSn(1.336 3)with AUC=0.6342.The optimal predictor among all possible combinations for PBI was the combination of LA,PA,LP,WT,MPWS and MPWSn with prediction accuracy=1.414 6(AUC=0.715 8).LA was once again the best single predictor for PAI with the highest prediction accuracy(1.184 6)with AUC=0.606 4,followed by MPWSn(1. 183 2)with AUC=0.6084.The combination of PA,PB,WT,MPWS,MPWSn and APWSn gave the best prediction accuracy(1.302 5)for PAI,and the AUC value is 0.6657.PA was the best single predictor for WTI with highest prediction accuracy(1.288 7)with AUC=0.641 5,followed by WT(1.254 0),with AUC=0.6097.The combination of PA,PB,WT,LP,MinCT,MPWS and MPWS was the best predictor for WTI with prediction accuracy as 1.314 0,with AUC=0.6552.This indicated that PBI was a more predictable measure than WTI and PAI. The combinational predictors improved prediction accuracy by 9.95%,4.01%and 1.96%over the best single predictors for PAI,PBI and WTI(AUC values improved by9.78%,9.45%,and 2.14%),respectively.Conclusions The use of GLMM with 5-fold cross-validation strategy combining both morphological and biomechanical risk factors could potentially improve the accuracy of carotid plaque progression prediction.This study suggests that a linear combination of multiple predictors can provide potential improvement to existing plaque assessment schemes.

Switching variability index based multiple strategy CFAR detector

A switching variability index （SVl） constant false alarm rate （CFAR） detector is proposed for improving the detection performance of VI-CFAR detectors in multiple targets backgrounds. When the presence of non-homogeneity in CFAR reference windows is indicated by a VI-CFAR detector, a switching- CFAR detector is introduced to optimize the performance of the VI-CFAR detector in homogeneous, multiple targets and clutter edge backgrounds. The structure and parameters selection method of the SVI-CFAR detector is presented. Comparisons with classic CFAR detectors and recently proposed detectors are also given. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that SVICFAR detector maintains the good performance of the VI-CFAR detector in homogeneous and clutter edge backgrounds, while greatly improving the capacity of anti-multi targets.

Effects of Sex Differences and Problem-Solving Strategies on Digital Game Performance

Problem-solving strategy i,,; a critical skill in inquiry-based learning. Several studies have investigated how to use learning games to improve inquiry abilities. However, not every learner favors this kind of approach. Thus, we need to examine how human factors affect learners＇ reactions to the use of a digital game to support inquiry-based learning. This study addressed this issue by developing a digital game, ＂Baking Town＂, and using the game to examine the effects of two central human factors, sex differences and problem-solving strategies, on students＇ performance. The results demonstrate that students＇ inquiry abilities were significantly improved after they participated in the digital game. The results also demonstrate that the digital game may be a feasible way to reduce differences between boys and girls in this domain. Finally, we used the findings to develop a framework that can be used to enhance our understanding of sex differences and the use of problem-solving strategies in the context of digital games.

Combat situation suppression of multiple UAVs based on spatiotemporal cooperative path planning

Aiming at the suppression of enemy air defense(SEAD)task under the complex and complicated combat sce-nario,the spatiotemporal cooperative path planning methods are studied in this paper.The major research contents include opti-mal path points generation,path smoothing and cooperative rendezvous.In the path points generation part,the path points availability testing algorithm and the path segments availability testing algorithm are designed,on this foundation,the swarm intelligence-based path point generation algorithm is utilized to generate the optimal path.In the path smoothing part,taking ter-minal attack angle constraint and maneuverability constraint into consideration,the Dubins curve is introduced to smooth the path segments.In cooperative rendezvous part,we take esti-mated time of arrival requirement constraint and flight speed range constraint into consideration,the speed control strategy and flight path control strategy are introduced,further,the decoupling scheme of the circling maneuver and detouring maneuver is designed,in this case,the maneuver ways,maneu-ver point,maneuver times,maneuver path and flight speed are determined.Finally,the simulation experiments are conducted and the acquired results reveal that the time-space cooperation of multiple unmanned aeriel vehicles(UAVs)is effectively real-ized,in this way,the combat situation suppression against the enemy can be realized in SEAD scenarios.

Study of energy-efficient heat resistance and cooling technology for high temperature working face with multiple heat sources in deep mine

In the present research,we proposed a scheme to address the issues of severe heat damage,high energy consumption,low cooling system efficiency,and wastage of cold capacity in mines.To elucidate the seasonal variations of environmental temperature through field measurements,we selected a high-temperature working face in a deep mine as our engineering background.To enhance the heat damage control cability of the working face and minimize unnecessary cooling capac-ity loss,we introduced the multi-dimensional heat hazard prevention and control method called"Heat source barrier and cooling equipment".First,we utilize shotcrete and liquid nitrogen injection to eliminate the heat source and implemented pressure equalization ventilation to disrupt the heat transfer path,thereby creating a heat barrier.Second,we establish divi-sional prediction models for airflow temperature based on the variation patterns obtained through numerical simulation.Third,we devise the location and dynamic control strategy for the cooling equipment based on the prediction models.The results of field application show that the heat resistance and cooling linkage method comply with the safety requirement throughout the entire mining cycle while effectively reducing energy consumption.The ambient temperature is maintained below 30℃,resulting in the energy saving of 10%during the high-temperature period and over 50%during the low-temperature period.These findings serve as a valuable reference for managing heat damage in high-temperature working faces.

An Introduction to The Construction of English Multiplex Teaching Evaluation System in Secondary Vocational Schools

In view of the current situation that the evaluation mode of English Teaching in secondary vocational school is still dominated by the summative evaluation,the new evaluation mode,the multiple evaluation system,is applied to the English teaching practice of secondary vocational school in the form of experiment,and the situation of studentst learning strategies,autonomous learning,interest in learning and English level after the implementation of the multiple evaluation system is analyzed.The results show that the multiple evaluation system of English Teaching in secondary vocational school has a positive impact on studentst English learning strategies,learning autonomy and learning interest,and also plays a certain role in promoting the improvement of students’ overall English level.

Trying the Theory of Multiple Intelligences in English Teaching

Multiple intelligences theory provides English teaching with a new theoretical perspective.This theory has important significance in correcting student view,changing the teaching style,setting up a new assessment view in English teaching reform.It is necessary to apply eight kinds of intelligences proposed in this theory as teaching strategies in teaching practice.

Comparative Study on the Policy of Multiplicity Issues in Clinical Trials at Home and Abroad

Objective To study the content of China’s guiding principles on multiplicity issues in clinical trials,and to provide reference for the revision of China’s relevant guiding principles.Methods Based on ICH E9,the similarities and differences of the guiding principles of US Food and Drug Administration(FDA),European Medicines Agency(EMA),and National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)on the multiplicity issues in clinical trials were compared one by one.Results and Conclusion In general,NMPA guidelines are based on ICH E9,but in detail,the guidelines of FDA and EMA focus differently on the multiplicity issues.Therefore,NMPA guidelines need to be detailed and comprehensive.NMPA guidelines can be refined by referring to foreign guidelines to improve the practical guiding significance for clinical research and promote the level of domestic clinical trials in line with international standards.

Port Logistics in West and Central Africa: A Strategic Development under Globalization

The main idea of this study is to provide help to West and Central Africa port logistics authorities in making, evaluating and realizing their decisions on port development/management, all in an effort to guaranty port efficiency and operational brilliance to profit the different ports, their hinterlands and their related clients. Consequently, an examination is made as far as port sector is concerned, with an ever more demanding enhancement in operational efficiency. Moreover, a past research on West and Central Africa Ports, as well as an overview on port logistics was made, making it possible to determine what has been done (prospects) and what is still to be done (ineffectiveness), in prospective of a more reformed and efficient port. One of the principles of this paper is also to confer all the aspects that operate as obstacles to the WCA port’s improvement and development;using thus the evaluation model called EWCA (Evaluation of West and Central Africa Ports), which gives a descriptive analysis of the present situation of the latter’s port logistics, including the aid of multiple regression model to determine an impact of explanatory variables on the study probability. Applying the method of strategic development, this paper thus deals with exploring typical problems and quandaries of West and Central Africa ports. The findings suggested how to fight back or overcome the constrictions and strangulations;enabling West and Central Africa port logistics attain their desired strategic development aims, despite the ineffectiveness. Tremendous efforts were made, giving a vital shoot on African economy and development;even though there is still a lot to do, for the data and variables showed how the port logistics augment and descend frequently without a long period of stability.

MULTI-CHANNEL TRANSMISSION STRATEGY FOR DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS

Cognitive radio is a promising technology that deals with the scarcity of radio spectrum. In this paper, we propose a new multi-channel transmission strategy for dynamic spectrum access in cognitive radio network. Starting with the model of spectrum activities, we present the multi-channel transmission strategy which has primary user's protection mechanism to improve the spectrum efficiency and study its performance under perfect and imperfect sensing. Numerical example results reveal that the performance of the proposed strategy has the superiority with respect to capacity performance of cognitive users and the protection of primary users.

Antenna geometry strategy with prior information for direction-finding MIMO radars

The antenna geometry strategy for direction finding （DF） with multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） radars is studied. One case, usually encountered is practical applications, is consi- dered. For a directional antenna geometry with a prior direction, the trace-optimal （TO） criterion （minimizing the trace） on the av- erage Cramer-Rao bound （CRB） matrix is employed. A qualitative explanation for antenna geometry is provided, which is a combi- natorial optimization problem. In the numerical example section, it is shown that the antenna geometries, designed by the proposed strategy, outperform the representative DF antenna geometries.

The Relationship of Learning Strategies and Styles on Language Learning

This study investigates the relationship of learning strategies and styles on language learning and shows how different learning materials according to students＇ adoptions of them. And it especially focuses on analyzing and understanding how M.I. （Multiple Intelligences）, as a strategy, influence on language learning. For research method, this study adopts the observations of the classroom teachings and interviews with the students. As a result, the findings show that first, there are not enough clear explanation on relationship of strategies and styles, but overall, certain factors as verbal-linguistic and interpersonal intelligences help language learners improve their language ability. Second, the use of learning strategies has a positive effect on language learning. Third, the use of learning strategies can be trained and encouraged in language classrooms. Fourth, the appropriate learning materials should be selected according to learners＇ strategies and styles so that learning is more effective and successful. Finally, the implications of these findings are discussed.

系统观视域下新时代我国竞技体育后备人才多元培养困境与优化策略

借助新时代党的系统观理念,对当前我国竞技体育后备人才多元培养动向、特征及其现实困境进行分析,并提出优化策略。结果表明:体教系统各级学校高水平运动队建设规模大幅增长,部分运动项目已形成涵盖11~19岁范围的竞赛体系,体教系统U系列立体竞赛网络初步形成,社会多系统合作普遍展开。以环境适应需要、赛事平台引领和资源优势推动的多元培养模式逐渐成形,但仍面临人才培养提质增效有待加强、竞技体育多元价值挖掘不足、人才培养环节衔接亟待优化等困境。优化策略:加快多元培养新模式建设,完善多系统协同共促机制;提升赛事平台规模与质量,带动竞技体育多元价值转化;增强多主体利益共识,发挥各系统资源优势,进而有效推动后备人才培养规模和质量的双提升。

煤矸分拣多机械臂任务分配问题研究

针对煤矸分拣过程中分拣率低、大粒度矸石分拣效果差等问题,通过考虑矸石粒度、分拣时间、矸石与分拣区边界距离等因素,构建矸石优先级模型;采取分拣机械臂放置矸石后不复位的方式,提出了一种煤矸分拣多机械臂任务分配策略,并以分拣率为标准进行评判,最后,采用本研究分配策略和传统的分配策略进行仿真。结果表明:本研究分配策略比传统的分配策略分拣效果更好,提高了7%~10%的分拣率,减少了大粒度矸石的漏拣数量;当矸石的间距不变时,矸石数量变化对分拣率影响较小,分拣率波动在3%左右,验证了本研究分配策略的有效性;矸石间距对分拣率和分拣机械臂数量的影响较大,当矸石的间距增大时,分拣率得到提高;矸石间距在250 mm以上时,3个分拣机械臂能保证较高的分拣率。

复兴区块陆相页岩压裂成缝特征与增产改造策略分析

复兴区块侏罗系纵向发育东岳庙段、凉高山组等多套陆相页岩,页岩油资源量10.54×108 t,页岩气资源量1.51×1012 m3,具有良好的立体勘探开发前景。该陆相页岩具有黏土矿物含量高、夹层发育、油气同出等特点,面临复杂成缝难度大、穿层扩体难度高、有效支撑需求高等一系列难题。文中通过各层段岩石力学特性和多因素作用下破裂成缝影响机理研究,揭示了东岳庙段、凉高山组页岩压裂成缝规律的共性和差异,明确了垂向地应力差、夹层性质、注入排量、压裂液黏度是影响裂缝延伸扩展的关键因素,提出了以“持续提净压、转向促复杂”为核心的压裂改造策略,制定了多簇密布缝、循环变排量、不同粒径支撑剂循环充填、高频复合暂堵等工艺优化的具体措施。现场应用后取得了单井改造效果和测试产能双突破。

多次部分充电策略下双车型车辆配送路径研究

针对物流配送过程中燃油车和电动车并存的实际情况,综合考虑多次部分充电策略下双车型、充电设施、碳排放等因素,构建了以车辆使用成本、运输成本(含充电成本)、燃油车碳排放成本之和最小为目标的混合整数线性规划模型。选择某市配送中心为算例进行研究,采用CPLEX求解算例。结果表明:采用多次部分充电策略能进一步缓解“里程焦虑”,提高电动车装载率。之后进行单因素灵敏性分析,分析电动车的续航里程、额定载重量、充电站位置与数量对双车型路径优化结果的影响。