Effect of Application of One-Time Method and Multiple Root Canals on Cryptic Fracture with Endodontic Lesions and VAS Score

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of primary method root canal treatment(ORCT)and multiple root canal treatment(MRCT)for dental cryptocleidosis with endodontic lesions.Methods:88 patients with fissured teeth with endodontic lesions who were admitted to the hospital between November 2021 and November 2023 were selected,and after randomized numerical table grouping,44 cases in the experimental group were included in the ORCT treatment,and 44 cases in the reference group were included in the MRCT treatment,and the total effective rate,root canal filling rate,visual analog scale(VAS)score,periodontal indexes,and the complication rate were compared.Results:The total effective rate and root canal filling rate of the experimental group were higher than that of the reference group;after treatment,the VAS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the reference group,and the periodontal indexes were lower than that of the reference group;and the complication rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:ORCT can improve the overall efficacy of patients with fissured teeth with endodontic lesions,ensure the filling rate of root canals,significantly reduce pain symptoms,improve a number of periodontal indicators,have high endodontic safety,and have more therapeutic advantages than MRCT.

Band Engineering and Morphology Control of Oxygen‑Incorporated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Porous Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)-based photocatalysts have shown great potential in the splitting of water.However,the intrinsic drawbacks of g-C3N4,such as low surface area,poor diffusion,and charge separation efficiency,remain as the bottleneck to achieve highly efficient hydrogen evolution.Here,a hollow oxygen-incorporated g-C3N4 nanosheet(OCN)with an improved surface area of 148.5 m2 g^−1 is fabricated by the multiple thermal treatments under the N2/O2 atmosphere,wherein the C–O bonds are formed through two ways of physical adsorption and doping.The physical characterization and theoretical calculation indicate that the O-adsorption can promote the generation of defects,leading to the formation of hollow morphology,while the O-doping results in reduced band gap of g-C3N4.The optimized OCN shows an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 3519.6μmol g^−1 h^−1 for~20 h,which is over four times higher than that of g-C3N4(850.1μmol g^−1 h^−1)and outperforms most of the reported g-C3N4 catalysts.

Application of network meta-analysis in the field of physical activity and health promotion

Continued advancement in the field of physical activity and health promotion relies heavily on the synthesis of rigorous scientific evidence.As such,systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have led to a better understanding of which intervention strategies are superior(i.e.,produce the greatest effects)in physical activity-based health behavior change interventions.Indeed,standard meta-analytic approaches have allowed researchers in the field to synthesize relevant experimental evidence using pairwise procedures that produce reliable estimates of the homogeneity,magnitude,and potential biases in the observed effects.However,pairwise meta-analytic procedures are only capable to discerning differences in effects between a select intervention strategy and a select comparison or control condition.In order to maximize the impact of physical activity interventions on health-related outcomes,it is necessary to establish evidence concerning the comparative efficacy of all relevant physical activity intervention strategies.The development of network meta-analysis(NMA)-most commonly used in medical-based clinical trials-has allowed for the quantification of indirect comparisons,even in the absence of direct,head-to-head trials.Thus,it stands to reason that NMA can be applied in physical activity and health promotion research to identify the best intervention strategies.Given that this analysis technique is novel and largely unexplored in the field of physical activity and health promotion,care must be taken in its application to ensure reliable estimates and discernment of the effect sizes among interventions.Therefore,the purpose of this review is to comment on the potential application and importance of NMA in the field of physical activity and health promotion,describe how to properly and effectively apply this technique,and suggest important considerations for its appropriate application in this field.In this paper,overviews of the foundations of NMA and commonly used approaches for conducting NMA are provided,followed by assumptions related to NMA,opportunities and challenges in NMA,and a step-by-step example of developing and conducting an NMA.

Effect of multiple heat treatments on fracture property of centrifugal casting stainless steels Z3CN20.09M with long-term thermal aging degradation

It is of great significance to investigate effect of multiple heat treatments on fracture property of centrifugal casting stainless steels Z3CN20.09M cut from pump casing with long-term thermal aging degradation for nuclear power plants to consider actual operation of nuclear power plants.Both multiple heat treatments and accelerated thermal aging experiment at the same temperature of 400℃ for different time were successively carried out on centrifugal casting stainless steels Z3CN20.09M in order to examine the metallographic modification and impact properties.Finally,an additional investigation on the related fracture properties was carried out,in which the critical initial fracture toughness Ji was determined by stretch zone width and 0.2 mm offset line methods.These results indicated that the multiple heat treatments led to the dispersed distribution of ferrite phases in austenite matrix and thus microhardness increased,but impact energy exhibited a decreasing tendency significantly.After long-term aging,the metallographic structure remained almost unchanged,but the size of ferrite phases showed a slight increasing trend because of spinodal decomposition in ferrite phases and G-phase precipitation.In addition,centrifugal casting stainless steels Z3CN20.09M with multiple heat treatments exhibited the higher microhardness,Charpy impact toughness,critical initial fracture toughness J_(IC)(J-integral determined by 0.2 mm offset line method),and J_(SZW)(J-integral determined by stretch zone width method)than those with primary heat treatment,while the specific number of the heat treatment had a low influence on fracture toughness.

Mechanisms of multiple organ damages in acute necrotizing pancreatitis

Abstract:Objective To determine the role of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and evaluate the progress from SIRS to MODS and the therapeutic strategies for acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).Methods Rat ANP models were made by retrograde injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate 2.5?ml/kg into the pancreatic duct. Serum interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), amylase, endotoxin, and albumin were examined. The morphology and pathology of the pancreas, liver, lung, kidney and heart after ANP were observed. Finally, TNFα mRNA in the liver, lung, kidney and heart after ANP were observed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions, and the efficiency of somatostatin and growth hormone were also observed in this experiment.Results ANP led to remarkable elevation of the inflammatory mediators which were positively correlated with the development of ANP and MODS. Somatostatin and growth hormone inhibited inflammatory mediators and TNFα mRNA overexpressions, reduced the risk of MODS, corrected hypoalbuminemia, reversed negative nitrogen balance, and controlled the reduction of cell groups with functions and reasonably intervened SIRS caused by ANP.Conclusion TNFα mRNA plays an important role in ANP progression. The amelioration of ANP by combination treatment with somatostatin and growth hormone leads to the reduction of complications and marked increase in survival.

MULTIPLE SUBPIAL TRANSECTION FOR TREATMENT OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY

On the basis of experimental study, we applied multiple subpial transection (MST) to treat 50 patients with intractable epilepsy in which epileptigenic lesion involved functional areas such as pericentral gyms, postcentral gyrus, Broca's area, Wernicke's area, visual cortex, etc. They were followed up for 6 to 40 months. Complete control of seizures was obtained in 32 patients, significant reduction of seizure (more than 50%) in 13, reduction (less than 50%) in 3, and no effect in 2. The total effective rate was 96%. No functional defect was found in all patients. The mechanism of the disease and surgical technique were discussed in detail. We consider that MST could replace some standard excisional therapy for local epilepsy.

Research and Development of New Chinese Materia Medica for Treatment of Refractory Hematopathy by Establishment and Application of Multiple Technique Platforms

Research Objective and Overview It is necessary to find effective Chinese materia medica （CMM） for the treatment of refractory hematopathy as commonly used prednisone, androgen and immune suppression agents of tendemonstrate poor efficacy and serious side effects.

Multi-arm covariate-adaptive randomization

Simultaneously investigating multiple treatments in a single study achieves considerable efficiency in contrast to the traditional two-arm trials.Balancing treatment allocation for influential covariates has become increasingly important in today’s clinical trials.The multi-arm covariate-adaptive randomized clinical trial is one of the most powerful tools to incorporate covariate information and multiple treatments in a single study.Pocock and Simon’s procedure has been extended to the multi-arm case.However,the theoretical properties of multi-arm covariate-adaptive randomization have remained largely elusive for decades.In this paper,we propose a general framework for multi-arm covariate-adaptive designs which also includes the two-arm case,and establish the corresponding theory under widely satisfied conditions.The theoretical results provide new insights into the balance properties of covariate-adaptive randomization procedures and make foundations for most existing statistical inferences under two-arm covariate-adaptive randomization.Furthermore,these open a door to study the theoretical properties of statistical inferences for clinical trials based on multi-arm covariateadaptive randomization procedures.

Novel microbial fuel cell design to operate with different wastewaters simultaneously

A novel single cathode chamber and multiple anode chamber microbial fuel cell design（MAC-MFC）was developed by incorporating multiple anode chambers into a single unit and its performance was checked.During 60 days of operation,performance of MAC-MFC was assessed and compared with standard single anode/cathode chamber microbial fuel cell（SC-MFC）.The tests showed that MAC-MFC generated stable and higher power outputs compared with SC-MFC and each anode chamber contributed efficiently.Further,MAC-MFCs were incorporated with different wastewaters in different anode chambers and their behavior in MFC performance was observed.MAC-MFC efficiently treated multiple wastewaters simultaneously at low cost and small space,which claims its candidature for future possible scale-up applications.