Associations between Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index,bone mineral density and body composition in type 2 diabetes patients

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),a fast-growing issue in public health,is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders in older individuals.Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in T2DM patients and may result in fractures and disabilities.In people with T2DM,the association between nutrition,sarcopenia,and osteoporosis has rarely been explored.AIM To evaluate the connections among nutrition,bone mineral density(BMD)and body composition in patients with T2DM.METHODS We enrolled 689 patients with T2DM for this cross-sectional study.All patients underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)examination and were categorized according to baseline Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index(GNRI)values calculated from serum albumin levels and body weight.The GNRI was used to evaluate nutritional status,and DXA was used to investigate BMD and body composition.Multivariate forward linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with BMD and skeletal muscle mass index.RESULTS Of the total patients,394 were men and 295 were women.Compared with patients in tertile 1,those in tertile 3 who had a high GNRI tended to be younger and had lower HbA1c,higher BMD at all bone sites,and higher appendicular skeletal muscle index(ASMI).These important trends persisted even when the patients were divided into younger and older subgroups.The GNRI was positively related to ASMI(men:r=0.644,P<0.001;women:r=0.649,P<0.001),total body fat(men:r=0.453,P<0.001;women:r=0.557,P<0.001),BMD at all bone sites,lumbar spine(L1-L4)BMD(men:r=0.110,P=0.029;women:r=0.256,P<0.001),FN-BMD(men:r=0.293,P<0.001;women:r=0.273,P<0.001),and hip BMD(men:r=0.358,P<0.001;women:r=0.377,P<0.001).After adjustment for other clinical parameters,the GNRI was still significantly associated with BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck.Additionally,a low lean mass index and higherβ-collagen special sequence were associated with low BMD at all bone sites.Age was negatively correlated with ASMI,whereas weight was positively correlated with ASMI.CONCLUSION Poor nutrition,as indicated by a low GNRI,was associated with low levels of ASMI and BMD at all bone sites in T2DM patients.Using the GNRI to evaluate nutritional status and using DXA to investigate body composition in patients with T2DM is of value in assessing bone health and physical performance.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease connections with fat-free tissues: A focus on bone and skeletal muscle

The estimates of global incidence and prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) are worrisome, due to the parallel burden of obesity and its metabolic complications. Indeed, excess adiposity and insulin resistance represent two of the major risk factors for NAFLD; interestingly, in the last years a growing body of evidence tended to support a novel mechanistic perspective, in which the liver is at the center of a complex interplay involving organs and systems, other than adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis. Bone and the skeletal muscle are fat- free tissues which appeared to be independently associated with NAFLD in several cross-sectional studies. The deterioration of bone mineral density and lean body mass, leading to osteoporosis and sarcopenia, respectively, are age-related processes. The prevalence of NAFLD also increases with age. Beyond physiological aging, the three conditions share some common underlying mechanisms, and their elucidations could be of paramount importance to design more effective treatment strategies for the management of NAFLD. In this review, we provide an overview on epidemiological data as well as on potential contributors to the connections of NAFLD with bone and skeletal muscle.

Disruption of bone and skeletal muscle in severe burns

Severe burn injury triggers the body＇s nonspecific adaptive responses to acute insult, including the systemic inflammatory and stress responses, as well as the sympathetic response to immobilization. These responses trigger inflammatory bone resorption followed by glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and probably osteocytes. Because these patients are catabolic, they suffer concomitant muscle wasting and negative nitrogen balance. The use of anabolic agents such as recombinant human growth hormone and oxandrolone results in improved bone mineral content and muscle strength after approximately I year. Use of bisphosphonates within the first 10 days of a severe burn completely blocks the resorptive bone loss and has the added advantage of appearing to preserve muscle protein from excessive breakdown. The mechanism for the protective effect on muscle is not currently known. However, if the effect of bisphosphonates on muscle can be confirmed, it raises the possibility that bone communicates with muscle.

Administration of soluble activin receptor 2B increases bone and muscle mass in a mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta

Osteogenesis imperfecta（OI） comprises a group of heritable connective tissue disorders generally defined by recurrent fractures, low bone mass, short stature and skeletal fragility. Beyond the skeletal complications of OI,many patients also report intolerance to physical activity, fatigue and muscle weakness. Indeed, recent studies have demonstrated that skeletal muscle is also negatively affected by OI, both directly and indirectly. Given the well-established interdependence of bone and skeletal muscle in both physiology and pathophysiology and the observations of skeletal muscle pathology in patients with OI, we investigated the therapeutic potential of simultaneous anabolic targeting of both bone and skeletal muscle using a soluble activin receptor 2B（ACVR2B） in a mouse model of type Ⅲ OI（oim）. Treatment of 12-week-old oim mice with ACVR2 B for 4 weeks resulted in significant increases in both bone and muscle that were similar to those observed in healthy,wild-type littermates. This proof of concept study provides encouraging evidence for a holistic approach to treating the deleterious consequences of OI in the musculoskeletal system.

Role of autophagy in bone and muscle biology

Autophagy in eukaryotic cells is a constitutive process and functions as a homeostatic mechanism; it is up-regulated in response to specific stress stimuli such as starvation, hypoxia and as oxidative stress. In addition to playing a crucial role in adaptive responses to different stimuli, autophagy is also required for intracellular quality control. This second aspect is important to prevent the activation of pathological processes. Autophagy also plays a central role in cellular development and differentiation because it is involved in the regulation of energetic balance. This final aspect is critical for maintaining proper bone and muscle function as well as to prevent any pathological changes. Therefore, identifying new molecular targets involved in autophagy is critical to assure a good quality of life.

Assessment of the muscle injury, inflammatory response and bone metabolism after paravertebral muscle space and minimally invasive percutaneous approach surgeries for thoracolumbar fracture

Objective: To study the muscle injury, inflammatory response and bone metabolism after paravertebral muscle space and minimally invasive percutaneous approach surgeries for thoracolumbar fracture. Methods: A total of 92 patients with thoracolumbar fractures who were treated in Baoji Central Hospital between May 2015 and January 2017 were selected and randomly divided into paravertebral group and minimally invasive percutaneous group who accepted pedicle screw fixation under different approaches. Before operation as well as 1 d and 3 d after operation, serum was collected to determine the contents of creatase, inflammatory reaction molecules and bone metabolism indexes. Results: Serum Myo, CK, LDH, TNF-α, MCP-1, HMGB-1, CRP, IL-1β, OC, OPG, PICP and PINP levels of both groups 1 d and 3 d after operation were significantly higher than those before operation while TRACP5b, RANKL, CTX and NTX levels were significantly lower than those before operation, and serum Myo, CK, LDH, TNF-α, MCP-1, HMGB-1, CRP, IL-1β, TRACP5b, RANKL, CTX and NTX levels of paravertebral group 1 d and 3 d after operation were significantly lower than those of minimally invasive percutaneous group while OC, OPG, PICP and PINP levels were significantly higher than those of minimally invasive percutaneous group. Conclusion:Paravertebral muscle space surgery for thoracolumbar fracture is more effective than minimally invasive percutaneous surgery in reducing muscle injury and inflammatory response, and improving bone metabolism.

Relationship between Muscle Strength, Muscle Mass and BMD in Postmenopausal Female of Zhuang in Guangxi Province of China

Objective: To explore the correlation between muscle strength, muscle mass and bone mineral density (BMD) in Zhuang female population, body composition analysis and grip strength, and to analyze the possible influencing factors of BMD. Methods: 182 postmenopausal women were selected from Guangxi Province of China. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was used to evaluate BMD. Grip dynamometer to assess muscle strength. Height, weight and muscle mass of each part were measured by body composition measuring instrument. Body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and limb skeletal muscle mass (SM) were calculated according to the measurement results. Results: BUA, grip strength and SMI in postmenopausal women of Zhuang nationality showed a decreasing trend with age (p p p r = 0.305, p Conclusion: With the increase of age, the decline rate of muscle strength of postmenopausal Zhuang women in Guangxi is slower than that of BMD and muscle mass. SM can better reflect the BMD level of the body than SMI, and the LSM is the main influencing factor of BMD.

Quantitative Evaluation of Fat Composition in Lumbar Vertebral Body and Paraspinal Muscle by Proton Density Fat Fraction with MRI

Purpose: Bone marrow and muscle adiposity have been considered to correlate with osteoporosis and Sarcopenia. Proton Density Fat Fraction (PDFF) can be measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The purpose of the present study was to measure PDFF in the lumbar spine, paraspinal muscle and subcutaneous fat tissue. Methods: Participants were comprised of 30 patients (18 males, 12 females;age range, 14 - 87 years) who underwent MRI due to low back symptoms. PDFFs for the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4), paraspinal muscle, and subcutaneous fat were measured. Results: PDFFs of the vertebral body and subcutaneous fat were significantly higher than that of paraspinal muscle (p < 0.001). PDFF was significantly higher for subcutaneous fat than for the vertebral body (p < 0.001). Although no significant differences in PDFF of the vertebral body, paraspinal muscle, and subcutaneous fat between females and males, PDFFs of the vertebral body and paraspinal muscle were significantly higher in older subjects (>63 years) than in younger subjects (Conclusions: PDFF of the vertebral body was significantly higher than that of paraspinal muscle. PDFFs of the vertebral body and paraspinal muscle were significantly lower in younger subjects than in older subjects.

The Origin of Neointimal Smooth Muscle Cells in Transplant Arteriosclerosis from Recipient Bone-marrow Cells in Rat Aortic Allograft

In order to investigate the origin of neointimal smooth muscle cells in transplant arterio- sclerosis in rat aortic allograft, sex-mismatched bone marrow transplantation was performed from male Wistar rats to female Wistar rats. Four weeks after transplantation, the aortic transplant model was established by means of micro-surgery in rats. The recipients were divided into 4 groups: female Wistar-female Wistar aortic isografts, female SD-female Wistar aortic allografts, male SD-male Wis- tar aortic allografts, female SD-chimera Wistar aortic allografts. Eight weeks after transplantation, aortic grafts were removed at autopsy and processed for histological evaluation and immunohisto- chemistry. The results indicated that excessive accumulation of α-SMA-positive smooth muscle cells resulted in significant neointima formation and vascular lumen stricture in rat aortic allografts. Neointima assay revealed that the neointimal area and NIA/MA ratio of transplanted artery were sig- nificantly increased in all of aortic allograft groups as compared with those in aortic isograft group (P<0.01). Neointimal smooth muscle cells were harvested from cryostat sections of aortic allograft by microdissection method. The Sry gene-specific PCR was performed, and the result showed that a dis- tinct DNA band of 225 bp emerged in the male-male aortic allograft group and chimera aortic al- lograft group respectively, but not in the female-female aortic allograft group. It was suggested that recipient bone-marrow cells, as the origin of neointimal smooth muscle cells, contributed to the pathological neointimal hyperplasia of aortic allograft and transplant arteriosclerosis.

基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法治疗椎动脉型颈椎病的临床观察

目的浅析椎动脉型颈椎病(cervical spondylotic vertebral arteriopathy,CSA)患者实施基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法对其中医症状积分、颈性眩晕症状与功能评估量表(cervical vertigo symptom and function assessment scale,ESCV)评分、颈椎曲度及脑血流参数的影响。方法选择该院2019年12月—2021年12月就诊的CSA患者86例实施研究,随机数字表法分作观察组与对照组,各43例;其中对照组脱落2例,剔除1例,共完成40例;观察组脱落1例,剔除1例,共完成41例;对照组予以常规牵引疗法,观察组予以基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法;比较两组治疗前与治疗后中医症状积分、ESCV评分、颈椎曲度及脑血流参数的变化,并对比两组疗效。结果治疗后,观察组中医症状积分皆显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组ESCV评分和颈椎曲度皆明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组椎底动脉及左、右椎动脉的Vs与Vd水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率显著高于对照组[95.12%(39/41)vs 80.00%(32/40),P<0.05]。结论基于“筋骨平衡”理论针刺推拿疗法对CSA患者疗效显著,有效改善中医症状积分、ESCV评分以及颈椎曲度,增强脑血流参数。

理筋正骨手法与Maitland关节松动技术治疗神经根型颈椎病的疗效对比

目的探讨理筋正骨手法与Maitland关节松动技术治疗神经根型颈椎病的疗效差异.方法选取2022年1—8月杨浦区中医医院收治的神经根型颈椎病患者62例,随机将其分为理筋正骨组(n=31)和关节松动组(n=31).两组患者均进行颈椎牵引,理筋正骨组在颈椎牵引的基础上给予理筋正骨手法治疗,关节松动组在颈椎牵引的基础上给予Maitland关节松动技术治疗.两组干预时间均为2周.比较两组田中靖久评分和疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分.结果治疗前,两组患者的田中靖久评分和VAS评分相比,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗2周后,理筋正骨组的田中靖久评分(14.50±1.46)分高于关节松动组的(13.67±1.63)分,VAS评分(1.73±0.64)分低于关节松动组的(2.03±0.49)分,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论理筋正骨手法与Maitland关节松动技术均可有效改善神经根型颈椎病患者的临床症状,而理筋正骨手法可做到"筋骨并重",疗效优于Maitland关节松动技术.

艾灸对去卵巢大鼠肌肉功能及骨密度的研究

目的观察艾灸“肝俞”“肾俞”对去卵巢大鼠腰部肌群杨氏模量值、后肢步态参数和骨密度的影响,基于“筋骨互用”理论探讨艾灸在改善去卵巢大鼠肌肉功能中的作用。方法将32只SD大鼠随机分为4组:假手术组、模型组、艾灸组、雌激素组,每组8只。模型组、艾灸组和雌激素组均去势,艾灸组穴取双侧“肝俞”“肾俞”,每次15 min,隔日1次,每周3次,共12周。干预结束后采用实时剪切波超声弹性成像技术(SWE)测定大鼠腰部肌群杨氏模量值;步态分析系统WalkAnalysator VTX记录后肢支撑时长(s)、摆动时长(s)、摆动速度(cm/s)和步宽(cm);Miro-CT检测右侧股骨骨密度(BMD)、骨体积分数(BV/TV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)和骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp)。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠腰部肌群杨氏模量值下降(P<0.01),后肢支撑时长、摆动时长、步宽增大(P<0.05,P<0.01),摆动速度减小(P<0.01),右侧股骨BMD、Tb.Th、BV/TV降低(P<0.01),Tb.Sp增大(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,艾灸组和雌激素组大鼠腰部肌群杨氏模量值上升(P<0.05),后肢支撑时长、摆动时长、步宽缩短(P<0.05,P<0.01),摆动速度增大(P<0.01),右侧股骨BMD、Tb.Th、BV/TV增加(P<0.01),Tb.Sp减小(P<0.01)。结论艾灸“肝俞”“肾俞”可提升去卵巢大鼠的腰部肌群杨氏模量值,影响后肢步态参数,从而改善肌肉功能以提高骨密度,从“筋骨互用”的角度为防治骨质疏松症提供中医方案。

腰椎手法配合电针治疗急性非特异性下腰痛临床观察

目的评价基于“筋骨并举”思想指导的腰椎手法配合电针治疗急性非特异性下腰痛的疗效。方法68例患者随机分为两组各34例。观察组采用腰椎手法配合电针治疗,对照组单纯采用电针治疗。治疗前和治疗2周后评价疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、日本骨科协会评分量表(JOABPEQ)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、指地距离(FFD)、Schober试验距离。结果治疗后,两组患者VAS、JOABPEQ、ODI的评分及FFD、Schober试验距离均较治疗前改善(P<0.05),且观察组各项评分更优(P<0.05)。结论基于“筋骨并举”思想指导的腰椎手法配合电针治疗能更加有效地治疗急性非特异性下腰痛,值得推广。

双能量CT联合肌骨超声鉴别诊断焦磷酸钙沉积病与痛风性关节炎的价值

目的 探究双能量CT联合肌骨超声鉴别诊断焦磷酸钙沉积病与痛风性关节炎的价值。方法 回顾性分析痛风性关节炎102例和焦磷酸钙沉积病102例患者的病历资料,分别记为痛风组和钙沉积组。所有患者均行双能量CT和肌骨超声检查,并以关节滑液或关节腔内晶体物质的穿刺结果作为金标准。评估双能量CT、肌骨超声诊断焦磷酸钙沉积病与痛风性关节炎的效能。结果 痛风组患者的男性比例、血尿酸均高于钙沉积组(P <0.05)。痛风组患者中膝关节、第一跖趾关节、踝关节的受累率偏高,钙沉积组患者中膝关节、腕关节、肩关节的受累率偏高。痛风组患者的骨皮质不规则、软骨损伤、半月板退行性变的所占比例均低于钙沉积组(P <0.05)。痛风组患者的双轨征、痛风石、韧带内强回声、肌腱内强回声、骨侵蚀占比高于钙沉积组(P <0.05),软骨钙化低于钙沉积组(P <0.05)。双能量CT、肌骨超声及二者联合诊断焦磷酸钙沉积病和痛风性关节炎的灵敏度分别为86.27%、83.33%、94.12%,特异度分别为89.22%、88.24%、86.27%,阳性预测值分别为88.89%、87.63%、87.27%,阴性预测值分别为86.67%、84.11%、93.63%,准确率分别为87.75%、85.78%、90.20%,一致性Kappa值分别为0.755、0.716、0.804。结论 双能量CT联合肌骨超声在焦磷酸钙沉积病与痛风性关节炎中的诊断效能良好,可用于辅助鉴别诊断两种疾病。

骨肌串扰防治骨肌共减症的作用及机制

骨肌共减症(osteosarcopenia,OS)是一种常见的老年退行性综合症,表现为个体在衰老过程中骨量和肌肉含量同时减少,引起骨质疏松症和肌少症,导致机体平衡能力下降,容易跌倒、骨折,严重威胁老年人的生活质量和生存寿命。由于骨骼和肌肉都属于运动系统,骨质疏松症与肌少症在遗传、内分泌、旁分泌和脂肪浸润方面有共同的致病因素,彼此相互影响、相互调节。因此,本文综述了诱导骨肌共减症的力学串扰、细胞因子串扰、信号通路间相互串扰的分子机制和临床诊断方法,通过运动、营养和药物的干预,对提高老年人的寿命和生存质量,实践“健康老龄化”具有重要的意义。

肌-骨交互视阈下传统功法防治原发性骨质疏松症的思路探讨

原发性骨质疏松症(POP)具有高患病率、高致残率的特点,严重影响老年人的健康和生命质量,寻求有效的防治手段具有现实意义。以肌-骨交互作用为切入点,肌骨交互机制作为传统功法防治POP的新靶点,探讨传统功法防治POP的研究思路,太极拳调养气息,强壮肌肉筋骨;五禽戏调腑通络,提高腰椎稳定性;易筋经动静结合,降低跌倒风险;八段锦形气意同调,补肾强筋壮骨。传统功法一方面可提高骨密度、增强骨强度,另一方面提高肌肉质量和力量,加强机械作用传导促进骨代谢,双向调控肌肉-骨骼并形成闭合式循环回路。

针刀松解联合Mulligan手法治疗中期膝骨关节炎临床观察

目的:观察针刀松解联合Mulligan手法治疗中度膝骨关节炎的临床效果。方法:选取2019年9月至2020年9月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院和上海中医药大学附属龙华医院金山分院门诊收治的KOA患者120例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为针刀组、手法组和联合组,每组40例。针刀组采用单纯针刀治疗,手法组采用Mulligan手法治疗,联合组采用针刀联合Mulligan手法治疗。分别观察2组患者治疗前、治疗后及随访24周骨关节炎指数、疼痛视觉模拟评分变化情况、5次坐立试验情况和2组患者临床疗效情况。结果:与针刀组、手法组比较,联合组在治疗后和随访24周,在疼痛视觉模拟评分、骨关节炎指数评分和5次坐立试验情况改善方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),联合组临床疗效总有效率为97.50%,明显优于针刀组(92.10%)和手法组(75.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:针刀联合Mulligan手法治疗中度膝骨关节炎,在改善患者关节疼痛、僵硬和活动不利等症状在近期与远期疗效方面均效果显著,值得临床推广应用。

骨粘连蛋白促骨髓来源间充质干细胞成骨分化在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸中的作用

目的探究骨骼肌分泌的骨粘连蛋白(Osteonectin)促骨髓来源间充质干细胞(BMSC)成骨分化在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)中的作用。方法纳入30例AIS患者,根据X射线片测量的Cobb角,将其分为轻度AIS组和重度AIS组。比较2组患者腰椎和骨骼肌骨密度(BMD)。收集2组患者BMSC,通过流式细胞术检测CD73和CD90蛋白表达,qRT-PCR检测Runx2、Osterix和Osteocalcin mRNAs表达水平,ELISA检测碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性。收集2组患者骨骼肌,检测Osteonectin mRNA和蛋白表达水平。ELISA检测2组患者血清中Osteonectin水平。体外培养BMSC,分为BMSC组(无特殊处理)和BMSC+Osteonectin组(添加Osteonectin),检测Runx2、Osterix和Osteocalcin mRNAs表达水平及ALP活性。结果与轻度AIS组比较,重度AIS组患者腰椎和骨骼肌BMD降低(P<0.05),BMSC中Runx2、Osterix和Osteocalcin mRNAs表达水平降低(P<0.05),ALP活性降低(P<0.05);骨骼肌中Osteonectin mRNA和蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05);血清中Osteonectin水平降低(P<0.05)。与BMSC组比较,BMSC+Osteonectin组细胞Runx2、Osterix和Osteocalcin mRNAs表达水平升高(P<0.05),ALP活性升高(P<0.05)。结论AIS患者骨骼肌分泌Osteonectin减少,BMSC的成骨分化能力降低。外源性补充Osteonectin可改善BMSC的成骨分化能力,可能有助于AIS病情的恢复。

绝经后女性椎旁肌退化与经皮穿刺椎体成形后再骨折的相关性

背景:目前关于绝经后女性椎旁肌退化程度对经皮穿刺椎体成形后骨质疏松性椎体再骨折的影响研究较少,此次研究旨在揭示二者之间的联系。目的:探讨绝经后女性椎旁肌退化与经皮穿刺椎体成形后骨质疏松性椎体再骨折的关系。方法:回顾性分析2018年5月至2021年3月广州中医药大学第一附属医院收治的81例因骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折住院接受经皮穿刺椎体成形治疗的绝经后女性患者的病历资料,根据患者是否发生经皮穿刺椎体成形后骨质疏松性椎体再骨折分为2组,再发骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折组39例,对照组42例。分析两组患者一般资料、椎体骨矿物密度、椎旁肌的横截面积及平均CT值(Hu)。结果与结论:①单因素分析提示,两组患者的年龄及腰大肌平均CT值相比差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);对照组的体质量指数、椎体骨密度、椎旁肌横截面积及椎后肌群的平均CT值明显高于再发骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);②多因素logistic回归分析提示,低椎体骨矿物密度(OR=0.004,95%CI:0.000-0.555,P<0.05)、低椎后肌群平均CT值(OR=0.940,95%CI:0.894-0.988,P<0.05)是绝经后骨质疏松性再发椎体压缩骨折的独立危险因素;③提示椎旁肌退化会导致经皮穿刺椎体成形后再骨折风险增高,其中椎后肌群平均CT值较低的绝经后女性,行经皮穿刺椎体成形后再发生椎体压缩骨折的风险较高。

从“骨肉不相亲”探讨牛膝活性成分β-蜕皮甾酮论治骨质疏松的研究进展

骨质疏松是骨稳态失衡的一种全身性骨代谢紊乱疾病。临床常用药物如双膦酸盐、地诺单抗及雷奈酸锶等具有胃肠道刺激、肾毒性等不良反应,亟待安全长期有效的新型药物弥补空白。中医学中骨质疏松症属于“骨痿”范畴,牛膝是中医药治疗“骨痿”的常见药物,β-蜕皮甾酮为其主要活性成分。通过β-蜕皮甾酮对于骨质疏松的治疗机制进行系统性综述,并以其对骨骼与肌肉分子调控为切入,结合牛膝中医中药理论及结合现代分子医学及生物学研究,总结出增加成骨细胞活性、促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化、提高肌肉质量以及类雌激素等作用。