Microbial molecular ecology approaches were used to the effects of Bar-transgenic rice on Intestinal Micro-flora of the Mice (Mus musculus). Kunming mice (Mus musculus) of 100 SPF-grade (20 g ± 2 g), half of whic...Microbial molecular ecology approaches were used to the effects of Bar-transgenic rice on Intestinal Micro-flora of the Mice (Mus musculus). Kunming mice (Mus musculus) of 100 SPF-grade (20 g ± 2 g), half of which were male and the other half female, were randomly divided into five groups with four replications per group and five mice per replication to assess the safety of Bar-transgenic rice. Five diets meetinging or exceeding the minimum nutrient requirement were fed for 180 days. After 90 days, parental generation (P) was bred to produce the first filial generation (F1). Each generation was fed for 180 days. On the 180th day, five mice from each group were randomly sampled, and their intestinal contents were collected for DNA isolation. The V3 region of the 16S rDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The resulting PCR-DGGE band number (bacterial species) was counted, and the banding patterns were analyzed by calculating the Sorenson’s pairwise similarity coefficients (Cs), an index used to measure bacterial species found among all samples. The sequence analysis of bands was performed to identify the intestinal predominant microflora of the mice. The intergroup Cs values of the samples across all groups did not differ (P > 0.05) from each other. The effect of Bar-transgenic rice on the intestinal microflora of the mice was considered insignificant.展开更多
Objective: To identify the effects of the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners on memory retention and on the histology of the hippocampus.Methods: In this study, 20 mice were used to determine if there is an effec...Objective: To identify the effects of the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners on memory retention and on the histology of the hippocampus.Methods: In this study, 20 mice were used to determine if there is an effect of consuming the maximum allowable dose of the non-nutritive sweeteners on the memory retention and on the histology of the hippocampus. The mice were distributed into four groups and the treatments were given via oral gavage: Group 1(water), Group 2(aspartame: 1 000 mg/kg), Group 3(stevia: 1 000 mg/kg) and Group 4(sucralose:16 000 mg/kg). Treatments were administered to the different experimental groups for 32 days, after which memory retention was tested using the two-day water maze protocol.After the tests, the mice were sacrificed and the brain was analyzed histologically for neurotrophic effects.Results: Based on the results of the two-day water maze protocol, there were no differences between the non-nutritive sweeteners and the control group. However, stevia showed high cellular apoptosis followed by aspartame, sucralose and control group.Conclusions: There was no significant effect on the memory of the mice. It showed histologically however, that stevia had a significant neurotropic effect compared to the other sweeteners.展开更多
AIM: To research the two homologous predicted proline -rich protein genes, Mus musculus predicted gene 4736 (MP4) and proline-rich protein BstNI subfamily 1 (Prb1) which were significantly upregulated in cultured corn...AIM: To research the two homologous predicted proline -rich protein genes, Mus musculus predicted gene 4736 (MP4) and proline-rich protein BstNI subfamily 1 (Prb1) which were significantly upregulated in cultured corneal organs when encountering fungal pathogen preparations. This study was to confirm the expression and potential functions of these two genes in ocular surface. METHODS: A Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis model was established in Balb/c mice. One day post infection, mRNA level of MP4 was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and MP4 protein detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or Western blot using a customized polyclonal anti -MP4 antibody preparation. Lacrimal glands from normal mice were also subjected to IHC staining for MP4. An online bioinformatics program, BioGPS, was utilized to screen public data to determine other potential locations of MP4. RESULTS: One day after keratitis induction, MP4 was upregulated in the corneas at both mRNA level as measured using real -time PCR and protein levels as measured using Western blot and IHC. BioGPS analysis of public data suggested that the MP4 gene was most abundantly expressed in the lacrimal glands, and IHC revealed that normal murine lacrimal glands were positive for MP4 staining. CONCLUSION: MP4 and Prb1 are closely related with the physiology and pathological processes of the ocular surface. Considering the significance of ocular surface abnormalities like dry eye, we propose that MP4 and Prb1 contribute to homeostasis of ocular surface, and deserve more extensive functional and disease correlation studies.展开更多
PCV2 is considered the main pathogen of porcine circovirus diseases and porcine circovirus-associated diseases(PCVD/PCVAD). However, the exact mechanism underlying PCVD/PCVAD is currently unknown. Mouse models of PCV2...PCV2 is considered the main pathogen of porcine circovirus diseases and porcine circovirus-associated diseases(PCVD/PCVAD). However, the exact mechanism underlying PCVD/PCVAD is currently unknown. Mouse models of PCV2 are valuable experimental tools that can shed light on the pathogenesis of infection and will enable the evaluation of antiviral agents and vaccine candidates. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge of mouse models used in PCV2 research that has been performed to date, highlighting their strengths and limitations, as well as prospects for future PCV2 studies.展开更多
Objective: To report the renal histological lesions in synanthropic rodents, Mus musculus and Rattus rattus, naturally infected with Leptospira spp., captured in a rural community in Yucatan, Mexico. Methods: Kidney s...Objective: To report the renal histological lesions in synanthropic rodents, Mus musculus and Rattus rattus, naturally infected with Leptospira spp., captured in a rural community in Yucatan, Mexico. Methods: Kidney samples of synanthropic rodents were collected from a rural community in Yucatan, Mexico. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect Leptospira spp. infection. Tissue kidney was fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed according to the usual techniques for paraffin inclusion, cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined using a conventional electronic microscope. Results: A total of 187 rodents were captured. Nine individuals(4.8%) were positive for Leptospira spp. in the molecular analysis. All renal lesions observed in the histopathological study had been reported previously for Leptospira spp. infection. Conclusions: The histopathological lesions are present in the kidneys, plus the results of the polymerase chain reaction confirm that these rodents are true carriers of Leptospira spp.展开更多
In recent years,we adoptedtopographic multiple needling in the treat-ment of almost a thousand patients ofrheumatic arthritis,osteoarthritis,rheumaticmyositis,tennis elbow,inflammation of theinfrapatellar fat pad,musc...In recent years,we adoptedtopographic multiple needling in the treat-ment of almost a thousand patients ofrheumatic arthritis,osteoarthritis,rheumaticmyositis,tennis elbow,inflammation of theinfrapatellar fat pad,muscular strain,myotenositis,tenosynovitis,periarthritis ofthe shoulder,the musculus piriformissyndrome,and sciatica.展开更多
Coroban (Chlorpyrifos) and Nuvacron (Monocrotophos)are organophosphorus pesticides used in agriculture,In view of the extensive use of these pesticidesin our country,it was thought desirable to assesstheir mutagenic a...Coroban (Chlorpyrifos) and Nuvacron (Monocrotophos)are organophosphorus pesticides used in agriculture,In view of the extensive use of these pesticidesin our country,it was thought desirable to assesstheir mutagenic and teratogenic effect.Mouse(Mus musculus) of Swiss albino strain,aboutthree months old,was employed as the in vivosvstem for the test.展开更多
Bartonella are known to be important causes ofzooanthroponotic diseases. The range of human infection varies from mild lymphadenopathy and asymptomatic bacteremia to life-threatening systemic disease in immunocompromi...Bartonella are known to be important causes ofzooanthroponotic diseases. The range of human infection varies from mild lymphadenopathy and asymptomatic bacteremia to life-threatening systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Microbiological improvements in isolation methods and PCR amplification of organism-specific DNA sequences have resulted in a dramatic increase in reports describing human patients with bartonellosis. Nevertheless, clearly and successful isolation ofBartonella spp. from bacteremic animals and human patients remains an ongoing challenge. Technology of experimental bartonellosis due to intraperitoneal introduction of biological material samples containing causative agents to laboratory animals is presented in the article. White nonlinear mice with the artificially cyclophosphamide formed immunodeficient state may be used as an experimental model for further investigation of the biological alterations responsible for angiomatosis. On the other hand, we believe that this new method will enhance the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity needed to achieve a diagnosis of bartonellosis.展开更多
The Portuguese island of Selvagem Grande(Great Salvage)in Macaronesia is an important seabird breeding station in the eastern Atlantic.Significant populations of Cory’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea(Scopoli,1769),B...The Portuguese island of Selvagem Grande(Great Salvage)in Macaronesia is an important seabird breeding station in the eastern Atlantic.Significant populations of Cory’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea(Scopoli,1769),Bulwer’s petrel Bulweria bulweria(Jardine&Selby,1828)and little shearwater Puffinus assimilis baroli(Bonaparte,1857)are present,and white-faced storm-petrel Pelagodroma marina(Latham,1790)and Madeiran storm-petrel Oceanodroma castro(Harcourt,1851)populations are of global significance.Selvagem Grande also provides diverse habitats for an extensive flora,including 11 endemic species.The 270-ha island was also inhabited by two alien invasive mammals:the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus(Linnaeus,1758)and the house mouse Mus musculus(Linnaeus,1758).Both are known to have had adverse impacts on breeding seabirds and island vegetation.In 2002,the Natural Park of Madeira conducted a program using brodifacoum bait formulations aimed at rabbit and mouse eradication.Approximately 17000 individual baiting points were established on a 12.5×12.5 m grid.Baits were also applied by hand“seeding”on steep slopes and cliffs where bait stations could not be placed.Rabbits were removed after a month.However,mice persisted for considerably longer and strategic bait applications against them continued for a further six months.Subsequent assessments by trapping,bait takes and systematic observa-tion of signs over three years,has confirmed the removal of both alien invasive species.This paper presents information on these operations,on measures adopted to mitigate adverse impacts of the eradication program on important vertebrate non-target species,including Berthelot’s pipit Anthus berthelotii Bolle,1862 and a species of gecko Tarentola bischoffi Joger,1984 and on the initial response of the island’s ecosystem to the eradication of rabbits and mice.展开更多
The attractiveness and efficacy of four anonymous anticoagulant-free alternative rodenticides(active ingredients cellulose or plaster)were tested on wild strain groups of house mice(Mus musculus Linnaeus)and brown rat...The attractiveness and efficacy of four anonymous anticoagulant-free alternative rodenticides(active ingredients cellulose or plaster)were tested on wild strain groups of house mice(Mus musculus Linnaeus)and brown rats(Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout)in laboratory choice and no-choice experiments.In no-choice tests,the rodenticide product was offered ad libitum to the animals for 21 days(mice)and 10 days(rats),respectively.In choice tests,the rodenticide product and non-poisoned food were offered for 28 days(mice)and 14 days(rats).Two products with cellulose(C1 and C2)as the active ingredient were tested against both mice and rats.In two no-choice tests with mice,all animals died within 14 days(C1)and 21 days(C2);in a third no-choice test,11%(2/18)of mice survived(C1:21 days).In all three tests,numerous incidents of cannibalism were observed.The attractiveness of cellulose baits was tested for one product(C1)in three trials against normal food pellets.In all trials,bait consumption was low and all mice survived(15-34 days).Two no-choice trials with cellulose baits(C1)were conducted on groups of Rattus norvegicus;11 of 12 rats survived the bait feeding period and no cannibalism or sign of aggression between conspecifics was observed.Two plaster-based(CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O)products(P1 and P2)were tested against both mice and rats;in no-choice tests,only one mouse(n=20)and no rats(n=8)were killed,although the baits proved to be attractive for rats and mice in choice tests.The results of these experiments suggest that neither cellulose-based nor plaster-based rodenticides are suitable agents for the control of Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus.展开更多
Introduced rodents have been eradicated from large numbers of offshore islands using toxic baits;however, toxicbaits have been linked with negative impacts on non-target species. The present study assessed the bait ta...Introduced rodents have been eradicated from large numbers of offshore islands using toxic baits;however, toxicbaits have been linked with negative impacts on non-target species. The present study assessed the bait take oftarget (house mouse, Mus musculus) and non-target (buff banded rail, Rallus philippensis) animals on Northwestand Heron Islands in the Great Barrier Reef. Three non-toxic bait formulations (wax block, pellet and grain) weretested and each was applied at 1 kg ha–1 in six treatment grids. The tracks of animals visiting the baits were identifiedusing 30 tracking stations per treatment grid. A tracking station consisted of a track-board placed in the centre of asand-pad. Mean bait take differed significantly between the formulations: birds took more grain bait than wax blockbait;mice took more wax block than grain bait. Both mice and birds were equally selective of pellet bait. Thus, thefindings indicate that wax blocks are the most suitable formulation for future baiting programs to eradicate mice onthese and other islands.展开更多
In this study,we examined the effect of synanthropic house mouse(Mus musculus)urine odor on catching probability of small mammals to live traps.We conducted a series of field experiments in August 2016 and 2017 in a n...In this study,we examined the effect of synanthropic house mouse(Mus musculus)urine odor on catching probability of small mammals to live traps.We conducted a series of field experiments in August 2016 and 2017 in a natural forests of the northwestern Moscow Region(Russia).Small mammals were trapped at two 4-ha fields using capture-mark-recapture technique by setting 200 live traps(100 points,2 traps per point)within each field.One trap in each pair was odorless(control)with bait only,whereas the other one was odor-baited with 20μL of the urine of a synanthropic house mouse.Further analysis was based on the data collected from 2 rodent species(bank vole Myodes glareolus,herb field mouse Apodemus uralensis)and 3 shrew species(common shrew Sorex araneus,Laxmann’s shrew Sorex caecutiens,and Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus).As a result,only bank voles significantly avoided odor-baited live traps.Using generalized linear mixed models,we showed that the choice of a trap by bank voles depended on their age,whereas the probability of repeated capture to a certain live trap was related to their prior experience.We discuss the possible role of components of synanthropic house mouse urine in the population management of exoanthropic small mammals.展开更多
文摘Microbial molecular ecology approaches were used to the effects of Bar-transgenic rice on Intestinal Micro-flora of the Mice (Mus musculus). Kunming mice (Mus musculus) of 100 SPF-grade (20 g ± 2 g), half of which were male and the other half female, were randomly divided into five groups with four replications per group and five mice per replication to assess the safety of Bar-transgenic rice. Five diets meetinging or exceeding the minimum nutrient requirement were fed for 180 days. After 90 days, parental generation (P) was bred to produce the first filial generation (F1). Each generation was fed for 180 days. On the 180th day, five mice from each group were randomly sampled, and their intestinal contents were collected for DNA isolation. The V3 region of the 16S rDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The resulting PCR-DGGE band number (bacterial species) was counted, and the banding patterns were analyzed by calculating the Sorenson’s pairwise similarity coefficients (Cs), an index used to measure bacterial species found among all samples. The sequence analysis of bands was performed to identify the intestinal predominant microflora of the mice. The intergroup Cs values of the samples across all groups did not differ (P > 0.05) from each other. The effect of Bar-transgenic rice on the intestinal microflora of the mice was considered insignificant.
文摘Objective: To identify the effects of the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners on memory retention and on the histology of the hippocampus.Methods: In this study, 20 mice were used to determine if there is an effect of consuming the maximum allowable dose of the non-nutritive sweeteners on the memory retention and on the histology of the hippocampus. The mice were distributed into four groups and the treatments were given via oral gavage: Group 1(water), Group 2(aspartame: 1 000 mg/kg), Group 3(stevia: 1 000 mg/kg) and Group 4(sucralose:16 000 mg/kg). Treatments were administered to the different experimental groups for 32 days, after which memory retention was tested using the two-day water maze protocol.After the tests, the mice were sacrificed and the brain was analyzed histologically for neurotrophic effects.Results: Based on the results of the two-day water maze protocol, there were no differences between the non-nutritive sweeteners and the control group. However, stevia showed high cellular apoptosis followed by aspartame, sucralose and control group.Conclusions: There was no significant effect on the memory of the mice. It showed histologically however, that stevia had a significant neurotropic effect compared to the other sweeteners.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81271050)
文摘AIM: To research the two homologous predicted proline -rich protein genes, Mus musculus predicted gene 4736 (MP4) and proline-rich protein BstNI subfamily 1 (Prb1) which were significantly upregulated in cultured corneal organs when encountering fungal pathogen preparations. This study was to confirm the expression and potential functions of these two genes in ocular surface. METHODS: A Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis model was established in Balb/c mice. One day post infection, mRNA level of MP4 was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and MP4 protein detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or Western blot using a customized polyclonal anti -MP4 antibody preparation. Lacrimal glands from normal mice were also subjected to IHC staining for MP4. An online bioinformatics program, BioGPS, was utilized to screen public data to determine other potential locations of MP4. RESULTS: One day after keratitis induction, MP4 was upregulated in the corneas at both mRNA level as measured using real -time PCR and protein levels as measured using Western blot and IHC. BioGPS analysis of public data suggested that the MP4 gene was most abundantly expressed in the lacrimal glands, and IHC revealed that normal murine lacrimal glands were positive for MP4 staining. CONCLUSION: MP4 and Prb1 are closely related with the physiology and pathological processes of the ocular surface. Considering the significance of ocular surface abnormalities like dry eye, we propose that MP4 and Prb1 contribute to homeostasis of ocular surface, and deserve more extensive functional and disease correlation studies.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFD0500103National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:31772747,31272385+3 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Projects,Grant/Award Number:20150204077NYGraduate Innovation Fund of Jilin Universitythe Program for Changjiang Scholarsthe University Innovative Research Team,Grant/Award Number:IRT1248
文摘PCV2 is considered the main pathogen of porcine circovirus diseases and porcine circovirus-associated diseases(PCVD/PCVAD). However, the exact mechanism underlying PCVD/PCVAD is currently unknown. Mouse models of PCV2 are valuable experimental tools that can shed light on the pathogenesis of infection and will enable the evaluation of antiviral agents and vaccine candidates. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge of mouse models used in PCV2 research that has been performed to date, highlighting their strengths and limitations, as well as prospects for future PCV2 studies.
基金supported by PROMEP-México-Proyecto 103.5/09/1258(Red Epidemiológica de Enfermedades Zoonóticas y Transmitidas por Vector de Importancia en Salud Pública)Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México(No.grant320021)
文摘Objective: To report the renal histological lesions in synanthropic rodents, Mus musculus and Rattus rattus, naturally infected with Leptospira spp., captured in a rural community in Yucatan, Mexico. Methods: Kidney samples of synanthropic rodents were collected from a rural community in Yucatan, Mexico. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect Leptospira spp. infection. Tissue kidney was fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed according to the usual techniques for paraffin inclusion, cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined using a conventional electronic microscope. Results: A total of 187 rodents were captured. Nine individuals(4.8%) were positive for Leptospira spp. in the molecular analysis. All renal lesions observed in the histopathological study had been reported previously for Leptospira spp. infection. Conclusions: The histopathological lesions are present in the kidneys, plus the results of the polymerase chain reaction confirm that these rodents are true carriers of Leptospira spp.
文摘In recent years,we adoptedtopographic multiple needling in the treat-ment of almost a thousand patients ofrheumatic arthritis,osteoarthritis,rheumaticmyositis,tennis elbow,inflammation of theinfrapatellar fat pad,muscular strain,myotenositis,tenosynovitis,periarthritis ofthe shoulder,the musculus piriformissyndrome,and sciatica.
文摘Coroban (Chlorpyrifos) and Nuvacron (Monocrotophos)are organophosphorus pesticides used in agriculture,In view of the extensive use of these pesticidesin our country,it was thought desirable to assesstheir mutagenic and teratogenic effect.Mouse(Mus musculus) of Swiss albino strain,aboutthree months old,was employed as the in vivosvstem for the test.
文摘Bartonella are known to be important causes ofzooanthroponotic diseases. The range of human infection varies from mild lymphadenopathy and asymptomatic bacteremia to life-threatening systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Microbiological improvements in isolation methods and PCR amplification of organism-specific DNA sequences have resulted in a dramatic increase in reports describing human patients with bartonellosis. Nevertheless, clearly and successful isolation ofBartonella spp. from bacteremic animals and human patients remains an ongoing challenge. Technology of experimental bartonellosis due to intraperitoneal introduction of biological material samples containing causative agents to laboratory animals is presented in the article. White nonlinear mice with the artificially cyclophosphamide formed immunodeficient state may be used as an experimental model for further investigation of the biological alterations responsible for angiomatosis. On the other hand, we believe that this new method will enhance the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity needed to achieve a diagnosis of bartonellosis.
文摘The Portuguese island of Selvagem Grande(Great Salvage)in Macaronesia is an important seabird breeding station in the eastern Atlantic.Significant populations of Cory’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea(Scopoli,1769),Bulwer’s petrel Bulweria bulweria(Jardine&Selby,1828)and little shearwater Puffinus assimilis baroli(Bonaparte,1857)are present,and white-faced storm-petrel Pelagodroma marina(Latham,1790)and Madeiran storm-petrel Oceanodroma castro(Harcourt,1851)populations are of global significance.Selvagem Grande also provides diverse habitats for an extensive flora,including 11 endemic species.The 270-ha island was also inhabited by two alien invasive mammals:the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus(Linnaeus,1758)and the house mouse Mus musculus(Linnaeus,1758).Both are known to have had adverse impacts on breeding seabirds and island vegetation.In 2002,the Natural Park of Madeira conducted a program using brodifacoum bait formulations aimed at rabbit and mouse eradication.Approximately 17000 individual baiting points were established on a 12.5×12.5 m grid.Baits were also applied by hand“seeding”on steep slopes and cliffs where bait stations could not be placed.Rabbits were removed after a month.However,mice persisted for considerably longer and strategic bait applications against them continued for a further six months.Subsequent assessments by trapping,bait takes and systematic observa-tion of signs over three years,has confirmed the removal of both alien invasive species.This paper presents information on these operations,on measures adopted to mitigate adverse impacts of the eradication program on important vertebrate non-target species,including Berthelot’s pipit Anthus berthelotii Bolle,1862 and a species of gecko Tarentola bischoffi Joger,1984 and on the initial response of the island’s ecosystem to the eradication of rabbits and mice.
文摘The attractiveness and efficacy of four anonymous anticoagulant-free alternative rodenticides(active ingredients cellulose or plaster)were tested on wild strain groups of house mice(Mus musculus Linnaeus)and brown rats(Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout)in laboratory choice and no-choice experiments.In no-choice tests,the rodenticide product was offered ad libitum to the animals for 21 days(mice)and 10 days(rats),respectively.In choice tests,the rodenticide product and non-poisoned food were offered for 28 days(mice)and 14 days(rats).Two products with cellulose(C1 and C2)as the active ingredient were tested against both mice and rats.In two no-choice tests with mice,all animals died within 14 days(C1)and 21 days(C2);in a third no-choice test,11%(2/18)of mice survived(C1:21 days).In all three tests,numerous incidents of cannibalism were observed.The attractiveness of cellulose baits was tested for one product(C1)in three trials against normal food pellets.In all trials,bait consumption was low and all mice survived(15-34 days).Two no-choice trials with cellulose baits(C1)were conducted on groups of Rattus norvegicus;11 of 12 rats survived the bait feeding period and no cannibalism or sign of aggression between conspecifics was observed.Two plaster-based(CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O)products(P1 and P2)were tested against both mice and rats;in no-choice tests,only one mouse(n=20)and no rats(n=8)were killed,although the baits proved to be attractive for rats and mice in choice tests.The results of these experiments suggest that neither cellulose-based nor plaster-based rodenticides are suitable agents for the control of Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus.
基金conducted under Animal Ethics Approval Number SAS/340/06,which was granted by the University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee.Queensland Parks and Wildlife Services gave us permission to conduct this research on the Coral Cay National Park under research permit number WITK03717006。
文摘Introduced rodents have been eradicated from large numbers of offshore islands using toxic baits;however, toxicbaits have been linked with negative impacts on non-target species. The present study assessed the bait take oftarget (house mouse, Mus musculus) and non-target (buff banded rail, Rallus philippensis) animals on Northwestand Heron Islands in the Great Barrier Reef. Three non-toxic bait formulations (wax block, pellet and grain) weretested and each was applied at 1 kg ha–1 in six treatment grids. The tracks of animals visiting the baits were identifiedusing 30 tracking stations per treatment grid. A tracking station consisted of a track-board placed in the centre of asand-pad. Mean bait take differed significantly between the formulations: birds took more grain bait than wax blockbait;mice took more wax block than grain bait. Both mice and birds were equally selective of pellet bait. Thus, thefindings indicate that wax blocks are the most suitable formulation for future baiting programs to eradicate mice onthese and other islands.
基金This research was partly supported by the project AAAA-A18-118042690110-1“Ecological and evolution-ary aspects of animal behavior and commul hication”of the.Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.
文摘In this study,we examined the effect of synanthropic house mouse(Mus musculus)urine odor on catching probability of small mammals to live traps.We conducted a series of field experiments in August 2016 and 2017 in a natural forests of the northwestern Moscow Region(Russia).Small mammals were trapped at two 4-ha fields using capture-mark-recapture technique by setting 200 live traps(100 points,2 traps per point)within each field.One trap in each pair was odorless(control)with bait only,whereas the other one was odor-baited with 20μL of the urine of a synanthropic house mouse.Further analysis was based on the data collected from 2 rodent species(bank vole Myodes glareolus,herb field mouse Apodemus uralensis)and 3 shrew species(common shrew Sorex araneus,Laxmann’s shrew Sorex caecutiens,and Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus).As a result,only bank voles significantly avoided odor-baited live traps.Using generalized linear mixed models,we showed that the choice of a trap by bank voles depended on their age,whereas the probability of repeated capture to a certain live trap was related to their prior experience.We discuss the possible role of components of synanthropic house mouse urine in the population management of exoanthropic small mammals.
