Resistance Profile of Urogenital Mycoplasmas to Antibiotics: Comparative Study between the Mycoplasma IST2 and Mycoplasma IST3

Acquired resistance of mycoplasmas to antibiotics constitutes a major health problem in the world in general and in Africa in particular. Despite the diversity of kits marketed, several of them evaluating the sensitivity of mycoplasmas to antibiotics continue to present resistance, in this case, the Mycoplasma IST2. In order to overcome this resistance, a new kit (Mycoplasma IST3) has been developed in accordance with the new Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) recommendations. The objective of the study was to determine the resistance profile of urogenital Mycoplasmas to antibiotics using this new kit and to highlight cases of co-infections in comparison with the Mycoplasma IST2. Over a period of four mo nths, one hundred and one (101) samples of urogenital secretions were collected (from sexually active men and women) and analyzed. Culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed in a liquid medium using the Mycoplasma IST2 and Mycoplasma IST3 Tests according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Among the different samples analyzed, we noted a mycoplasma positivity rate of 71.29% with a predominance of infection in women, i.e. 86.12% compared to men 13.88%. Ureaplasma spp was the most encountered germ with a rate of 62.50% followed by cases of co-infections at 33.33% (Uspp/Mh) and the least encountered was Mycoplasma hominis with a rate of 2.79%. We analyzed 25 samples, among which we had 4 co-infections, simultaneously using the two kits in the same patients. The distribution of cases between the two kits was equivalent. We noted a significant rate of resistance to erythromycin 100% using Mycoplasma IST2. However, no resistance was observed in erythromycin with Mycoplasma IST3. Mycoplasma IST2 also showed resistance to fluoroquinolones, which was not the case for Mycoplasma IST3 which did not show any resistance to fluoroquinolones. Both kits showed resistance to tetracycline. The antibiotic sensitivity test using the Mycoplasma IST3 revealed a high rate of resistance to tetracycline, i.e. 57.14% and 91.67% for Ureaplasma spp and Mycoplasma hominis respectively. Resistance rates to other antibiotics were less than 25%. This study was able to demonstrate that Mycoplasma IST3 constitutes a better therapeutic choice compared to its predecessor Mycoplasma IST2, because it eliminated the biggest shortcoming of its predecessor.

The Predictive Value of NLR, IL-6, CRP, and PCT in Mycoplasmal Pneumonia with Complicated Myocardial Injury

Objective:To evaluate the dynamic changes in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),interleukin-6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)levels in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)complicated by myocardial injury and to determine their predictive value both individually and in combination.Methods:150 children diagnosed with MPP at Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between June 2023 and June 2024 were selected.Patients were divided into the myocardial damage group(MD group,n=65)and the non-myocardial damage group(non-MD group,n=85),based on the presence of myocardial injury.Ninety hospitalized children without MPP served as the control group(Con group).Myocardial enzyme profile indicators,including lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(α-HBDH),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I(hs-cTnI),creatine kinase(CK),and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay analyzer.Serum NLR,IL-6,CRP,and PCT levels were determined using appropriate analyzers.The correlation between these markers and myocardial enzyme indicators was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis.Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify risk factors for myocardial injury in MPP patients.Results:Serum levels of NLR,IL-6,CRP,and PCT in the MD and non-MD groups were significantly higher than in the Con group(P<0.05),with the MD group showing higher levels than the non-MD group(P<0.05).These markers were positively correlated with myocardial enzyme indicators.Logistic regression identified elevated NLR,IL-6,CRP,PCT,LDH,α-HBDH,AST,hs-cTnI,CK,and CK-MB as risk factors for myocardial injury in MPP patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:Elevated levels of NLR,IL-6,CRP,PCT,and myocardial enzymes are significant risk factors for myocardial injury in children with MPP,offering valuable insights for prevention and prognosis.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae)is a common pathogen that causes community-acquired pneumonia in children.The clinical presentation of this pathogen can range from mild self-limiting illness to severe and refractory cases.Complications may occur,such as necrotizing pneumonia and respiratory failure.Extrapulmonary complications,including encephalitis,myocarditis,nephritis,hepatitis,or even multiple organ failure,can also arise.In this editorial,we dis-cuss the clinical implications of the significant findings from the article"Serum inflammatory markers in children with M.pneumoniae pneumonia and their predictive value for mycoplasma severity"published by Wang et al.They reported that measuring lactic dehydrogenase,interleukin-6 levels,and D-dimer effectively predicts refractory M.pneumoniae pneumonia cases.

Development and Application of a Quantitative Competitive PCR Assay for Detecting Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

[Objective] This study aimed to develop a quantitative competitive assay for detecting Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in culture. [Method] One pair of Mhp-specific primers was designed for detecting Mhp in culture. Another pair of primers was designed based on the conserved gene sequences of Mycoplasma. The competitive template, which carried the same primer binding site with the target fragment, was constructed using enzyme digestion method. [Result] The logarithm of concentration of competitive template was treated as the abscissa（X-axis）, and the logarithm of corrected optical density ratio between amplification products by competitive template and target template was treated as the ordinate（Y-axis）. Thus the standard curve was drawn, and the regression equation was also obtained. When Y was assigned as 0, the concentration of the competitive plate was calculated, and then the concentration of Mhp was deduced. The logarithms of Color change unit（CCU） were treated as the abscissa（X-axis）, and the copy numbers of Mhp were treated as the ordinate（Y-axis）, so the standard curve was generated. It was found that the copy number of Mhp was highly correlated to CCU. [Conclusion] A quantitative competitive PCR assay was successfully established for the rapid detection of Mhp in culture.

Comparative Analysis for the Detection and Monitoring of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Infection by Nested PCR(n-PCR) and Real time PCR(q-PCR) from Field Swine Herds

[Objective] 303 nasal swabs samples were collected from pigs in farms located in Taizhou city, Jiangsu Province, China from March to December 2012 for the purpose of detecting the presence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the primary agent of Enzootic porcine pneumonia （EPP） in pig herds using the nested PCR and Real time PCR techniques. [Method] Nasal swabs were collected from pigs of different ages＇ i.e. 7, 14, 21, 28, 30 and 35 days old, soaked in sterile 1 xPBS overnight at 4 ℃ and DNA extracted using the TIANamp（R） bacterial DNA kit. The DNA samples underwent amplification under the Mhyo 183 q-PCR and P36 primer Nested PCR systems. [Result] With the Nested PCR assay, 38 （12.5%） out of 303 samples tested positive for the presence of M. hyopneumoniae; with the real time PCR assay 152 （50.2%） tested positive for M. hyopneumoniae. The two assays matched to positively detect Mhyo in 22 （7.3%） samples and again matched in 127 （41.9%） samples negative for Mhyo infection. The pattern of infection in both assays was similar where 7- and 35-day-old piglets in both assays had the highest rates of infection i.e. 15.6% and 18.4% for n-PCR and 53.1% and 56.6% for q-PCR for 7- and 35-day-old piglets respectively. [Conclusion] The results highlight the suitability of both PCR assays in establishing the herd infection status of pigs in field conditions.

MPS型磨煤机制粉系统动态模型与瞬态运行优化控制研究

为提升MPS型磨煤机制粉系统变出力过程关键参数的控制精度,该文建立并验证制粉系统动态模型,开展控制策略优化研究。在原逻辑基础上,提出考虑煤质水分信息的前馈磨煤机入口一次风温控制回路,以优化控制策略。开展煤质水分增加、给煤速率增加、磨煤机变出力等瞬态过程模拟研究,获得制粉系统关键参数瞬态特征和能耗特性,验证所提出策略的优越性。结果表明:采用优化的控制逻辑后,系统在应对煤质水分突变、煤量突变等扰动时的响应速率增加、磨煤机出口风粉温度波动范围减小50%以上、瞬态能耗下降2.4%。磨煤机在变出力过程中,稳态能耗可降低100 kW以上,制粉过程能耗降低6.82%,瞬态过程中磨煤机出口风温的波动幅度下降50%、响应时间缩短10%以上、可实现瞬态节能5.43%,保障制粉系统的运行安全并降低能耗。在燃煤发电机组中应用提出的制粉系统优化控制逻辑,可降低燃煤发电机组变负荷瞬态过程中负荷率、主汽压力等关键参数的运行偏差,提高机组的运行灵活性。

Noah-MP陆面模式对干旱区不同下垫面水热通量模拟评估

基于干旱区张掖国家气候观象台2021年1月-2022年6月和大满灌区绿洲农田站2020年1-12月的观测数据,评估Noah-MP模式对干旱区荒漠和农田两种下垫面的水热通量的模拟性能。结果表明:Noah-MP模式模拟的干旱区荒漠下垫面辐射与观测值的相关系数均>0.98,泰勒评分>0.93。感热的泰勒评分(0.809)>潜热的泰勒评分(0.504),对辐射及湍流通量的变化特征、峰谷值与观测值总体一致,模拟效果较好。模拟的5 cm土壤湿度对降水过程有明显的响应,表现出明显的冷暖季差异,但其模拟性能仍有待改进。Noah-MP模式模拟的干旱区农田下垫面辐射通量及各层土壤温度的相关系数均>0.98,泰勒评分>0.58,模拟效果较理想。但模拟的潜热通量及各层土壤湿度较观测值偏低,尤其在生长季模拟性能不理想。Noah-MP模式对干旱区荒漠下垫面水热通量的模拟性能优于农田下垫面,优化和发展模式水文过程的参数化方案,在模式中考虑人为作用,是提高干旱区陆面过程模式模拟能力的重要方向。

Susceptibility of Mixed Infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum and Mycoplasma Hominis to Seven Antimicrobial Agents and Comparison with that of Ureaplasma Urealyticum Infection

In order to investigate the susceptibility of mixed infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma Hominis (MH) to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents and comparison with that of UU infection in NGU patients, the in vitro susceptibility was determined by using microdilution method. The positive results were analyzed. The results showed that the sequence of susceptibility to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents for both UU infection group and UU-MH mixed infection group was almost the same from the highest susceptibility to the lowest accordingly: Josamycin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Sparfloxacin, Roxithromycin, Ofloxacin and Azithromycin. The total drug resistance rate for UU-MH mixed infection group (97. 67 %) was significantly higher than that for UU infection group (44. 67 %, P<.0. 01). The highest drug resistance rate in UU group and UU-MH mixed infection group was 31. 33 % (Ofloxacin) and 90. 48 % (Azithromycin) respectively. UU-MH mixed infection showed an increased drug resistance and changes of drug resistance spectrum.

Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Strain NM2010, Which Was Isolated from a Sheep in China

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, a kind of mycoplasma bacteria, commonly infects the respiratory tract causing respiratory disease in sheep and goats worldwide. Here, the complete genome sequence of M. ovipneumoniae strain NM2010 isolated from a sheep in China was reported for the ifrst time.

支气管镜介入治疗对RMPP患儿的疗效及其对外周血CRP、SF、IL-8水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值的影响

目的探讨支气管镜介入治疗对难治性肺炎支原体肺炎(RMPP)患儿的疗效及其对外周血C反应蛋白(CRP)、铁蛋白(SF)、白细胞介素(IL)-8水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值的影响。方法选取2020年12月至2022年12月河北省儿童医院收治的195例确诊为RMPP患儿作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和介入组(病程≥14 d归为晚期介入组、病程<14 d归为早期介入组)。根据临床疗效将130例接受支气管镜介入治疗的患儿分为有效组和无效组。对照组进行常规治疗,晚期介入组和早期介入组在对照组的基础上实施支气管镜介入治疗。比较对照组、晚期介入组和早期介入组临床疗效、临床症状与体征改善情况;检测并比较对照组、晚期介入组和早期介入组外周血CRP、SF、IL-8水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值;比较对照组、晚期介入组和早期介入组不良反应发生率;比较有效组和无效组外周血CRP、SF、IL-8水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析外周血CRP、SF、IL-8、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值对支气管镜介入治疗RMPP疗效的预测价值。结果早期介入组总有效率高于对照组和晚期介入组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组和晚期介入组总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。早期介入组咳嗽持续时间、发热持续时间、住院时间均短于对照组和晚期介入组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组、晚期介入组和早期介入组治疗后外周血CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值均高于治疗前,CRP、SF、IL-8水平均低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);早期介入组治疗后外周血CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值均高于对照组和晚期介入组,CRP、SF、IL-8水平均低于对照组和晚期介入组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早期介入组出现不良反应8例,晚期介入组出现不良反应10例,均暂停灌洗操作后很快恢复。对照组未出现上述不良反应。无效组外周血CRP、SF、IL-8水平均高于有效组,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值低于有效组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,CRP、SF、IL-8、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值联合检测预测支气管镜介入治疗RMPP无效的曲线下面积、灵敏度、特异度分别为0.871、81.81%、83.80%。结论早期应用支气管镜介入治疗对RMPP的疗效较好,可改善患儿外周血CRP、SF、IL-8水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值,且外周血CRP、SF、IL-8、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值联合检测有助于预测支气管镜介入治疗RMPP的疗效。

贵州地区急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童TPMT、NUDT15基因多态性与6-MP耐受性分析

目的观察贵州地区ALL儿童TPMT、NUDT15基因多态性,探讨其与6-MP耐受性的关系。方法收集贵阳市儿童医院血液科住院的贵州地区ALL儿童。Sanger法检测患者NUDT15c.415C>T和TPMT*2、TPMT*3A、TPMT*3B、TPMT*3C基因型。所有ALL儿童均按CCLG-2008方案化疗,每周1次监测血常规及肝肾功能。根据2016新编WHO化疗药物毒性反应分度标准,出现Ⅲ~Ⅳ度与6-MP相关的毒性反应,称为6-MP不耐受(除外感染、其他药物影响)。分析TPMT、NUDT15基因多态性与6-MP不耐受的相关性。结果共纳入患者60例,检测到TPMT突变(中间代谢型)3例(5%),正常代谢型57例(95%)。NUDT15基因CT型12例(20%),TT型1例(1.7%),CC型(野生型)47例(78.3%)。NUDT15基因突变率21.7%(13/60)显著高于TPMT基因突变率5%(3/60),差异有统计学意义(P=0.007)。TPMT突变型3例均发生6-MP不耐受(100%),NUDT15突变型13例中11例发生6-MP不耐受(84.6%)。结论TPMT、NUDT15基因突变与6-MP不耐受相关(P<0.05),联合检测TPMT、NUDT15基因对调整6-MP使用,减少6-MP不良反应提供依据。

Mycoplasma leachii causes bovine mastitis: Evidence from clinical symptoms,histopathology and immunohistochemistry

Twelve quarters of six lactating cows were inoculated with Mycoplasma leachii strain GN407 through intramammary ductal infusion; another 12 quarters were inoculated with heat-inactivated M.leachii culture medium as negative controls.Multidisciplinary procedures,including clinical assessment,etiology assessment,pathology and immunohistochemistry(IHC),were used to elucidate the pathogenicity of M.leachii in bovine mastitis.From post-inoculation days(PIDs) 3 to 9,12 inoculated quarters developed mild to severe clinical mastitis and mammary tissue histopathological changes,including inflammatory cell infiltration and architectural destruction of mammary gland ducts.The M.leachii antigen was also detected by IHC in the mammary gland epithelial cells of the inoculated quarters as a weak signal on PID 6 and as a strong signal on PID 9.The control quarters also developed mild mastitis and histopathological changes on PID 9,and M.leachii was also detected by IHC.Throughout the experimental period,the quarters of the negative control cow were clinically and pathologically normal,and the M.leachii antigen was not detected.In conclusion,direct histological and immunohistochemical evidence confirmed that M.leachii causes clinical bovine mastitis through histopathological lesions induced by invasion of the pathogen into mammary gland cells and through inflammatory cell infiltration.

不同时期RMPP患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液SPA表达及与肺功能的关系

目的探讨不同时期难治性支原体肺炎(refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,RMPP)患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液中表面活性物质相关蛋白-A(surfactant protein A,SPA)的表达水平及与肺功能的关系。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月南通市第一人民医院收治的62例RMPP患儿为对象,以同期行支气管镜异物取出术且无肺部感染的50例患儿为对照组。RMPP患儿于急性期、恢复期行支气管肺泡灌洗液中SPA检测以及肺功能指标检测[第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、FEV_(1)/FVC],对照组同样如此。比较三者检测结果差异,使用Pearson分析RMPP患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液中SPA水平与肺功能指标的相关性。结果RMPP患儿肺泡灌洗液中的SPA急性期(59.82±12.64)μg/L、恢复期(129.91±24.86)μg/L高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RMPP急性期、RMPP恢复期的FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC(80.95±6.88)%、(88.41±5.75)%较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);RMPP患儿于急性期时肺泡灌洗液中的SPA较恢复期低,FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC较恢复期低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);RMPP患儿肺泡灌洗液中SPA水平与FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论RMPP患儿病情处于急性发展阶段的情况下其支气管肺泡灌洗液中的SPA表达相较病情恢复阶段更低,同时RMPP患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液中SPA水平与其肺功能指标呈正相关性。

Kawasaki disease, <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>infection and anaplastic large cell lymphoma: An uncommon association

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile systemic vasculitis occurring predominantly in young children less than 5 years of age. Although imperfectly known, the aetiopathogenesis of KD would be secondary to immunological abnormalities that could constitute a favourable terrain for neoplasms. We report on a case in a 2-year-old girl who presented clinical manifestations compatible with Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary aneurysm. Aetiopathological investigations revealed M. pneumoniae infection as specific IgM were present in the serum (Elisa). The patient was initially treated by intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) and aspirin to anti-inflammatory dose. Following a few days of desquamation, resolution of the symptomatology occurred. Four weeks later she developed disseminated tumorous syndrome. Lymph node biopsy revealed massive infiltration by large cells lymphomatous proliferation. Histologic and immunophenotypic findings were characteristic of ALK-1+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Four weeks later, the patient died from a severe nosocomial infection complicated by septic shock. Our observation is the first cases describing the association between anaplastic large cell lymphoma, KD and M. pneumoniae. Immunologic disorder due to KD and M. pneumoniae infection may play probably a central role for malignancy.

Lymph-node-first presentation of Kawasaki disease in a 12-year-old girl with cervical lymphadenitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae:A case report

BACKGROUND To the best of our knowledge,cases of Kawasaki disease(KD)occurring at the age of 12 are rare,even in Asia where the incidence of KD is high.We report a case of lymph-node-first presentation of KD(NFKD)in a 12-year-old girl with Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae)infection who presented with prolonged fever and lymphadenitis refractory to macrolide antibiotics.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 12-year-old girl presented with fever,myalgia,sore throat,swelling,and tenderness on the right side of the neck.She was initially diagnosed with lymphadenitis caused by M.pneumoniae refractory to macrolide antibiotics.She had elevated brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels.Finally,the patient was diagnosed with KD.After receiving intravenous immunoglobulin,the fever resolved,and her symptoms improved.CONCLUSION NFKD should be differentiated from adolescent lymphadenitis presenting with prolonged fever by checking the BNP level early.

铜基漆酶模拟酶Cu-MP的制备及活性研究

天然漆酶的催化活性和稳定性易受外界环境因素的不良影响,受天然漆酶活性中心和电子转移的启发,利用6-巯基嘌呤与铜离子的配位反应合成一种新型漆酶模拟酶(Cu-MP),并采用SEM-EDS、BET、FTIR、XRD、XPS对其性能进行表征并分析。结果表明:Cu-MP呈珊瑚状多孔网状结构,可为催化反应提供较大的比表面积;6-MP主要通过硫和碱基氮(N7)与铜离子配位合成Cu-MP。催化机理推测,模拟酶Cu-MP通过铜离子从底物获取电子后,按照S-C_(6)-C_(5)-N_(7)通道实现电子转移;与相同质量浓度下的天然漆酶相比,Cu-MP对底物的亲和力更佳,其最大反应速度v_(max)是天然漆酶的4.7倍;在25℃下储存7 d后,Cu-MP的酶活保留率达84.03%;经过9轮循环利用,酶活保留率在70%以上;甚至在高盐或有机溶液中,Cu-MP仍能保持相对稳定的催化活性。因此,Cu-MP可以取代天然漆酶,尤其在一些极端条件下,用于处理酚类等环境污染物,是一种具有发展和应用前景的环境催化剂。

非特殊型浸润性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后RCB分级与MP分级在预后分析中的比较研究

目的 分析新辅助化疗后非特殊型浸润性乳腺癌患者的临床病理学相关因素对残余肿瘤负荷(residual cancer burden, RCB)分级系统和Miller-Payne(MP)分级系统的影响,并探讨两种分级系统对患者生存的预测价值。方法 收集术前穿刺确诊为非特殊型浸润性乳腺癌,并施行新辅助化疗的177例患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。分别研究RCB分级系统及MP分级系统与无病生存期(disease-free survival, DFS)和总生存期(overall survival, OS)的关系,分析比较两者对预后判断的价值。结果 RCB分级与月经状态、治疗前组织学分级、治疗后淋巴结转移情况相关,而MP分级与治疗前组织学分级、治疗后淋巴结转移情况、治疗前分子分型相关。通过观察复发与生存的ROC曲线图,比较曲线下面积(AUC),可以得出RCB分级系统对于复发和生存的预测优于MP分级系统。单因素及多因素生存分析显示治疗前临床分期、治疗后淋巴结转移情况及RCB分级为DFS的独立影响因素,治疗前临床分期、治疗前分子分型、RCB分级为OS的独立影响因素,而MP分级不是DFS及OS的独立影响因素。结论 RCB分级系统较MP分级系统对患者生存的预测价值更高,推荐将RCB分级评估系统作为非特殊型浸润性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后的首选评估体系。

Preventive Effects of Five Drugs on Mycoplasma Pneumonia of Swine (MPS)

The paper was to explore the preventive effects of five drugs on mycoplasma pneumonia of swine （MPS） and to provide reference for clinical medication of pig farms in Hainan Province. A total of 444 health piglets were randomly divided into 6 groups, including five medication groups （72 piglets in group A, 74 pig- lets in group B, 72 piglets in group C, 76 piglets in group D, 76 piglets in group E） and one control group （74 piglets）. The piglets in experimental groups were treated drugs once a day for successive 5 days at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 of age. The piglets in control group were free of medication. At 70 and 140 days of age, 15 piglets of each group were randomly selected to collect their blood sermn. The Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae （M-Hyo） antibodies in serum were measured by en- zyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. During the experiment, the incidence rates of respiratory disease, lung lesion, feed conversion rate, average daily gain （ADG）, and mortality rate of pigs were also observed and recorded. The results showed that the five drugs had significant difference in preventative effects. Group C （Zhiyuanjing group） received the best preventive effect and the highest economic benefits. Compared with control group, the ADG and feed conversion rate in group C were increased by 7.53% and 9.09%, respectively; the incidence rate of respiratory disease was reduced by 13.44% and lung lesion was alleviated by 81.43% ; and the earnings of each pig could rise by 132.70 yuan. The preventative effect and economic benefit of the drugs was sequenced by Chansu Kechuanling and Bingchan Kechuanwang. Wante Feilin and amoxicillin had weaker preventive effects against MPS but greatly influenced growth performance of pigs, so they should be used alternatively with other drugs.

Curative effect of singulair combined with methylprednisolone in treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia and the effect on inflammatory response and peripheral blood lymphocyte subset content

Objective:To study the effect of Singulair combined with methylprednisolone treatment on inflammatory response and peripheral blood lymphocyte subset content in children with mycoplasma pneumonia.Methods:74 children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia who were treated in Huai'an Second People's Hospital between June 2014 and October 2016 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, the intervention group received routine treatment combined with Singulair and methylprednisolone, and control group received routine treatment. Before and after treatment, serum was collected to detect the contents of inflammatory cytokines and corresponding cytokines of T lymphocyte subsets, and peripheral blood was collected to determine the contents of T cell subsets.Results:3 d and 7 d after treatment, serum MCP-1, PCT, ICAM-1, CXCL8, CRP, IFN-γ and IL-17 contents as well as peripheral blood Th1 and Th17 contents of both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment while serum IL-4 and TGF-β contents as well as peripheral blood Treg and Th2 contents were significantly higher than those before treatment, and serum MCP-1, PCT, ICAM-1, CXCL8, CRP, IFN-γ and IL-17 contents as well as peripheral blood Th1 and Th17 contents of intervention group were significantly lower than those of control group while serum IL-4 and TGF-β contents as well as peripheral blood Treg and Th2 contents were significantly higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Singulair combined with methylprednisolone treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia can inhibit the inflammatory response and regulate the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells.

Isolation and Progeny Transmission of Non-Temperature-Sensitive MS-H Vaccine Strains of Mycoplasma synoviae from Temperature-Sensitive MS-H-Vaccinated Laying Breeder Hens

This pilot study reports the vertical transmission and reverse thermosensitivity of the MS-H vaccine strain of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) by RAPD in commercial breeders and their progeny. At two weeks of age, breeders were vaccinated with the ts+ MS-H strain. At 9 weeks of age, an outbreak of infectious synovitis (IS) was detected in the progeny. Tracheal swab samples were collected from breeders at 24, 39, 48, and 70 weeks of age. At 9 weeks, pullets swab from the elbow joints were collected. RAPD was performed on the isolates at 39.5°C, and the same ts- MS-H strains were identified in the breeder hens and their progeny. Tracheal swabs from breeder hens were negative to MS isolation at 37°C and 39.5°C at 24- and 39-weeks. MS isolation was recovered from tracheal swabs from 9/10 and 10/10 breeders at 48- and 70- week. At 9 weeks of age in the progeny, MS was isolated from tracheal swabs of 10/10 from non-IS pullets. MS was isolated from 9/10 joints samples. The isolates from breeder hens and their progeny showed non-significant differences in five antimycoplasmic MIC100 values;otherwise, enrofloxacin presented a significant difference in MIC100 value (p < 0.05). This investigation demonstrated the reversal of the thermosensitivity, pathogenicity, and vertical transmission of the MS-H strain. Consequently, it is crucial to contemplate the danger of reversing pathogenicity and transmission to progeny when applying the MS-H vaccine strain.