目的:探究膀胱癌中N6-甲基腺苷(N6-methyladenosine,m6A)相关长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)及其与患者预后的关系。方法:通过癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库获取转录、突变和临床数据,获得m6A相关的lnc...目的:探究膀胱癌中N6-甲基腺苷(N6-methyladenosine,m6A)相关长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)及其与患者预后的关系。方法:通过癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库获取转录、突变和临床数据,获得m6A相关的lncRNA表达数据,采用共表达网络分析、Cox回归分析和最小绝对收缩和选择算法(least absolute shrinkage and se-lection operator,LASSO)回归分析鉴定与m6A相关的lncRNA,并构建风险预后模型和对其进行验证。然后,本研究还构建了列线图来预测膀胱癌患者的预后。通过基因本体(gene ontology,GO)、京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)研究生物学功能的差异。使用ESTIMATE算法计算基质、免疫评分。采用单样本基因集富集分析(single sample gene set enrichment analysis,ssGSEA)算法定量分析免疫细胞浸润和免疫功能。采用oncoPredict算法预测潜在治疗药物。结果:本课题组确定了1739个m6A相关lncRNA,其中14个与预后相关。再通过LASSO回归分析筛选了5个m6A相关的lncRNA(GRK5-IT1、AC008883.2、AC145207.5、AC103746.1、AC104564.3)来构建预后预测模型。Kaplan-Meier和受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线显示,该特征在训练集、验证集和全集中具有良好的预测能力。与其他临床特征相比,m6A相关lncRNA模型具有更高的诊断效率。免疫细胞浸润和ssGSEA分析进一步证实,特征lncRNA与膀胱癌患者的免疫状态显著相关。此外,高风险组对多种药物的治疗反应与低风险组存在显著差异。结论:5个m6A相关的特征ln-cRNA可能有助于评估膀胱癌患者的预后和免疫特征,并指导个性化治疗方案的制定。展开更多
The development of modern agriculture requires the reduction of water and chemical N fertilizer inputs.Increasing the planting density can maintain higher yields,but also consumes more of these restrictive resources.H...The development of modern agriculture requires the reduction of water and chemical N fertilizer inputs.Increasing the planting density can maintain higher yields,but also consumes more of these restrictive resources.However,whether an increased maize density can compensate for the negative effects of reduced water and N supply on grain yield and N uptake in the arid irrigated areas remains unknown.This study is part of a long-term positioning trial that started in 2016.A split-split plot field experiment of maize was implemented in the arid irrigated area of northwestern China in 2020 to 2021.The treatments included two irrigation levels:local conventional irrigation reduced by 20%(W1,3,240 m^(3)ha^(-1))and local conventional irrigation(W2,4,050 m^(3)ha^(-1));two N application rates:local conventional N reduced by 25%(N1,270 kg ha^(-1))and local conventional N(360 kg ha^(-1));and three planting densities:local conventional density(D1,75,000 plants ha^(-1)),density increased by 30%(D2,97,500 plants ha-1),and density increased by 60%(D3,120,000 plants ha^(-1)).Our results showed that the grain yield and aboveground N accumulation of maize were lower under the reduced water and N inputs,but increasing the maize density by 30% can compensate for the reductions of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation caused by the reduced water and N supply.When water was reduced while the N application rate remained unchanged,increasing the planting density by 30% enhanced grain yield by 13.9% and aboveground N accumulation by 15.3%.Under reduced water and N inputs,increasing the maize density by 30% enhanced N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity,and it also compensated for the N harvest index and N metabolic related enzyme activities.Compared with W2N2D1,the N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity increased by 28.6 and 17.6%under W1N1D2.W1N2D2 had 8.4% higher N uptake efficiency and 13.9% higher N partial factor productivity than W2N2D1.W1N2D2 improved urease activity and nitrate reductase activity by 5.4% at the R2(blister)stage and 19.6% at the V6(6th leaf)stage,and increased net income and the benefit:cost ratio by 22.1 and 16.7%,respectively.W1N1D2 and W1N2D2 reduced the nitrate nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen contents at the R6 stage in the 40-100 cm soil layer,compared with W2N2D1.In summary,increasing the planting density by 30% can compensate for the loss of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation under reduced water and N inputs.Meanwhile,increasing the maize density by 30% improved grain yield and aboveground N accumulation when water was reduced by 20% while the N application rate remained constant in arid irrigation areas.展开更多
文摘目的:探究膀胱癌中N6-甲基腺苷(N6-methyladenosine,m6A)相关长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)及其与患者预后的关系。方法:通过癌症基因组图谱(the cancer genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库获取转录、突变和临床数据,获得m6A相关的lncRNA表达数据,采用共表达网络分析、Cox回归分析和最小绝对收缩和选择算法(least absolute shrinkage and se-lection operator,LASSO)回归分析鉴定与m6A相关的lncRNA,并构建风险预后模型和对其进行验证。然后,本研究还构建了列线图来预测膀胱癌患者的预后。通过基因本体(gene ontology,GO)、京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)研究生物学功能的差异。使用ESTIMATE算法计算基质、免疫评分。采用单样本基因集富集分析(single sample gene set enrichment analysis,ssGSEA)算法定量分析免疫细胞浸润和免疫功能。采用oncoPredict算法预测潜在治疗药物。结果:本课题组确定了1739个m6A相关lncRNA,其中14个与预后相关。再通过LASSO回归分析筛选了5个m6A相关的lncRNA(GRK5-IT1、AC008883.2、AC145207.5、AC103746.1、AC104564.3)来构建预后预测模型。Kaplan-Meier和受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线显示,该特征在训练集、验证集和全集中具有良好的预测能力。与其他临床特征相比,m6A相关lncRNA模型具有更高的诊断效率。免疫细胞浸润和ssGSEA分析进一步证实,特征lncRNA与膀胱癌患者的免疫状态显著相关。此外,高风险组对多种药物的治疗反应与低风险组存在显著差异。结论:5个m6A相关的特征ln-cRNA可能有助于评估膀胱癌患者的预后和免疫特征,并指导个性化治疗方案的制定。
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20218 and 32101857)the‘Double First-Class’Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department in Gansu Province,China(GSSYLXM-02)+1 种基金the Fuxi Young Talents Fund of Gansu Agricultural University,China(Gaufx03Y10)the“Innovation Star”Program of Graduate Students in 2023 of Gansu Province,China(2023CXZX681)。
文摘The development of modern agriculture requires the reduction of water and chemical N fertilizer inputs.Increasing the planting density can maintain higher yields,but also consumes more of these restrictive resources.However,whether an increased maize density can compensate for the negative effects of reduced water and N supply on grain yield and N uptake in the arid irrigated areas remains unknown.This study is part of a long-term positioning trial that started in 2016.A split-split plot field experiment of maize was implemented in the arid irrigated area of northwestern China in 2020 to 2021.The treatments included two irrigation levels:local conventional irrigation reduced by 20%(W1,3,240 m^(3)ha^(-1))and local conventional irrigation(W2,4,050 m^(3)ha^(-1));two N application rates:local conventional N reduced by 25%(N1,270 kg ha^(-1))and local conventional N(360 kg ha^(-1));and three planting densities:local conventional density(D1,75,000 plants ha^(-1)),density increased by 30%(D2,97,500 plants ha-1),and density increased by 60%(D3,120,000 plants ha^(-1)).Our results showed that the grain yield and aboveground N accumulation of maize were lower under the reduced water and N inputs,but increasing the maize density by 30% can compensate for the reductions of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation caused by the reduced water and N supply.When water was reduced while the N application rate remained unchanged,increasing the planting density by 30% enhanced grain yield by 13.9% and aboveground N accumulation by 15.3%.Under reduced water and N inputs,increasing the maize density by 30% enhanced N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity,and it also compensated for the N harvest index and N metabolic related enzyme activities.Compared with W2N2D1,the N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity increased by 28.6 and 17.6%under W1N1D2.W1N2D2 had 8.4% higher N uptake efficiency and 13.9% higher N partial factor productivity than W2N2D1.W1N2D2 improved urease activity and nitrate reductase activity by 5.4% at the R2(blister)stage and 19.6% at the V6(6th leaf)stage,and increased net income and the benefit:cost ratio by 22.1 and 16.7%,respectively.W1N1D2 and W1N2D2 reduced the nitrate nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen contents at the R6 stage in the 40-100 cm soil layer,compared with W2N2D1.In summary,increasing the planting density by 30% can compensate for the loss of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation under reduced water and N inputs.Meanwhile,increasing the maize density by 30% improved grain yield and aboveground N accumulation when water was reduced by 20% while the N application rate remained constant in arid irrigation areas.
