Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Based Waveform for Fifth Generation Communication

Fifth generation(5G)wireless networks must meet the needs of emerging technologies like the Internet of Things(IoT),Vehicle-to-everything(V2X),Video on Demand(VoD)services,Device to Device communication(D2D)and many other bandwidth-hungry multimedia applications that connect a huge number of devices.5G wireless networks demand better bandwidth efficiency,high data rates,low latency,and reduced spectral leakage.To meet these requirements,a suitable 5G waveform must be designed.In this work,a waveform namely Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(SOQPSK-OFDM)is proposed for 5G to provide bandwidth efficiency,reduced spectral leakage,and Bit Error Rate(BER).The proposed work is evaluated using a real-time Software Defined Radio(SDR)testbed-Wireless open Access Research Platform(WARP).Experimental and simulation results show that the proposed 5G waveform exhibits better BER performance and reduced Out of Band(OOB)radia-tion when compared with other waveforms like Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Key-ing(OQPSK)and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying(QPSK)based OFDM and a 5G waveform candidate Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing(GFDM).BER analysis shows that the proposed SOQPSK-OFDM waveform attains a Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR)gain of 7.2 dB at a BER of 10�3,when compared with GFDM in a real-time indoor environment.An SNR gain of 8 and 6 dB is achieved by the proposed work for a BER of 10�4 when compared with QPSK-OFDM and OQPSK-OFDM signals,respectively.A significant reduction in OOB of nearly 15 dB is achieved by the proposed work SOQPSK-OFDM when compared to 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation(QAM)mapped OFDM.

Interactive Kalman Filtering for Differential and Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying Modulation with Application in Bluetooth

Some applications are constrained only to implement low cost receivers. In this case, designers are required to use less complex and non-expensive modulation techniques. Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (DQPSK) and Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) can be non-coherently demodulated with simple algorithms. However, these types of demodulation are not robust and suffer from poor performance. This paper proposes a new method to enhance the performance of DQPSK and GFSK using Interactive Kalman Filtering (IKF) technique, in which a one Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and two Kalman Filters (KF) are coupled to optimize the demodulated signals. This method consists of simple but very effective algorithms without adding complexity to the demodulators comparing to other very complex methods. UKF is used in this method due to its superiority in approximating and estimating nonlinear systems and its ability to handle non-Gaussian noise environments. The proposed method has been validated by creating a MATLAB/SIMULINK Bluetooth system model, in which the IKF is integrated into the receiver, which implement both DQPSK and GFSK, and run simulation in Gaussian and Non-Gaussian noise environments. Results have shown the effectiveness of this method in optimizing the received signals, and that the UKF outperforms the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF).

PLL DEMODULATION TECHNIQUE FOR M-RAY POSITION PHASE SHIFT KEYING

The paper presents a kind of transmission system which employs M-ary Position Phase Shift Keying(MPPSK) to send data and Phase Locked Loop(PLL) based techniques for data retrieve.With a single PLL, MPPSK demodulation is achieved, as well as carrier recovery and symbol synchronization.Firstly, MPPSK modulation method is briefly introduced.2PPSK's PSD expression is given with its optimization result.Orthogonal Phase Detector(PD) and static threshold are used for the purpose of wider phase range and simplicity in demodulation.The data rate is alterable, which is 4.65 kbps for 2PPSK and 9.3 kbps for 4PPSK in the paper.Then some indicative comparisons in Signal to Noise Ratio Symbol Error Rate(SNR-SER) are made among 2PPSK, 3PPSK and 4PPSK, of which 4PPSK has proved to be optimal in ten slots each symbol conditions.And finally, it is demonstrated by system simulations that lower than 10-4 Symbol Error Rate(SER) performance can be obtained at 13 dB symbol SNR.

Performance Analysis of AF Relaying Aided Space Shift Keying System with Imperfect Channel Estimation

Space shift keying (SSK) is a spectrally efficient and low-complexity technique that only uses antenna index to convey information.Combining SSK with cooperative communication,the transmission reliability of SSK system can be improved effectively.In this paper,considering imperfect channel information,the performance of cooperative SSK system with amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying protocol is investigated,and the effect of estimation error on the performance is analyzed.According to the performance analysis,the probability density function and moment generating function of effective signal-to-noise ratio are derived,respectively.Using these results,the closed-form expression of average bit error rate (BER) can be achieved.Meanwhile,the asymptotically approximated BER and the corresponding diversity order analysis are presented for the performance evaluation.By computer simulations,the validness of the presented theoretical analysis is verified,and the theoretical BERs with different estimation errors are shown to be close to those of the corresponding simulations.

Multiple phase detector of M-ary phase shift keying symbols in code division multiple access systems

A novel iterative technique,the phase descent search(PDS) algorithm,for M-ary phase shift keying(M-PSK) symbols detection was proposed.This technique constrained the solution to have a unit magnitude and it was based on coordinate descent iterations where coordinates were the unknown symbol phases.The PDS algorithm,together with a descent local search(also implemented as a version of the PDS algorithm),was used multiple times with different initializations in a proposed multiple phase detector;the solution with the minimum cost was then chosen as the final solution.The simulation results show that for highly loaded multiuser scenarios,the proposed technique has a detection performance that is close to the single-user bound.The results also show that the multiple phase detector allows detection in highly overloaded scenarios and it exhibits near-far resistance.In particular,the detector has a performance that is significantly better,and complexity that is significantly lower,than that of the detector based on semi-definite relaxation.

Semiconductor optical amplifier used as regenerator for degraded differential phase-shift keying signals

Phase and amplitude regeneration are necessary for degraded differential phase-shift keying communication sys- tems. This paper proposes a regenerator based on semiconductor optical amplifier for differential phase-shift keying signals. The key regeneration mechanism is theoretically analysed. The effectiveness of semiconductor optical amplifier based regenerator is demonstrated by comparing the bit error rate and eye diagrams before and after regeneration for 40-Cbit/s differential phase-shift keying 1080-km transmission systems. The results show that regeneration effects are very well. Bit error rate is tess than 10-12 with the regenerator.

Analysis of the differential-phase-shift-keying protocol in the quantum-key-distribution system

The analysis is based on the error rate and the secure communication rate as functions of distance for three quantum-key-distribution （QKD） protocols： the Bennett-Brassard 1984, the Bennett Brassard Mermin 1992, and the coherent differential-phase-shift keying （DPSK） protocols. We consider the secure communication rate of the DPSK protocol against an arbitrary individual attack, including the most commonly considered intercept-resend and photonnumber splitting attacks, and concluded that the simple and efficient differential-phase-shift-keying protocol allows for more than 200 km of secure communication distance with high communication rates.

Adaptive Mapping Generalized Space Shift Keying Modulation

Generalized Space Shift Keying (GSSK) modulation is a low-complexity spatial multiplexing technique for multiple-antenna wireless systems. However, effective transmit antenna combinations have to be preselected, and there exist redundant antenna combinations which are not used in GSSK. In this paper, a novel adaptive mapping scheme for GSSK modulation, named as Adaptive Mapping Generalized Space Shift Keying (AMGSSK), is presented. Compared with GSSK, the antenna combinations are updated adaptively according to the Channel State Information (CSI) in the proposed AMGSSK system, and the performance of average Symbol Error Rate (SER) is reduced considerably. In the proposed scheme, two algorithms for selecting the optimum antenna combinations are described. The SER performance of AMGSSK is analyzed theoretically, and validated by Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown that the proposed AMGSSK scheme has good performance in SER and spectral efficiency.

BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION OF SPACE-TIME FREQUENCY-SHIFT KEYING

The decoupled coherent Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection algorithm presented in this letter can sharply reduce the complexity of the receiver as well as provide better error performance under the precondition that channel should be estimated first. Considering the bandwidth inefficiency of Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), the acquisition of channel state information through training sequences will further decrease the transmission efficiency. This letter presents a blind channel estimation algorithm based on noise subspace theory which can acquire channel information without any training symbols. The simulation shows that the algorithm brings about fewer channel estimation errors while the frequency efficiency can be increased.

基于部分能量耦合线圈的无线能量与信号同步传输方法研究

针对无线电能传输系统中能量发送端与接收端进行全双工通信的需求,提出一种基于部分能量耦合线圈的无线能量与信号同步传输方法。利用能量耦合线圈的内侧和外侧部分线圈分别作为信号正反向传输耦合机构,并在信号接收回路中采用LC并联支路抑制同侧信号载波的串扰。通过构建系统模型,分析能量传输与信号传输的增益以及系统传输干扰,得到系统参数对传输特性影响规律。为提高信号传输增益以及减小信号正反向传输之间的串扰,优化了耦合机构线圈布置方案。最后,搭建了传输功率为20 W的无线能量与信号全双工同步传输平台,实验结果表明,在电能传输不受影响的同时,实现了正向传输速率200 kbps、反向传输速率400 kbps的信号全双工同步传输,验证了所提方法的可靠性和有效性。

双模三维索引调制差分混沌移位键控系统的设计及性能分析

针对传统差分混沌移位键控系统速率低、误码性能差的问题,提出了一种双模三维索引调制差分混沌移位键控系统。该系统利用时隙、正交码和顺序索引,在选中与未选中的时隙上均传输信息比特。在接收端,通过采用降噪技术,减小了噪声的方差,提升了系统误码性能。推导了在加性白高斯噪声信道和多径瑞利衰落信道下的比特差错率公式。仿真结果显示,与相似的混沌键控系统相比,所提系统具备更高的数据速率和更为优越的误码性能。

星间链路通信收发一体化系统设计

随着卫星制造发射成本的降低以及全球通信需求的增加,低轨星间链路技术成为研究热点;星间链路可将多颗卫星互联,建立具有导航和通信功能的自主运行系统,可靠的通信技术是当前的研究重点;为了适应外太空具有较大多普勒频移的高动态环境,设计了星间链路通信收发一体化系统;发射端采用UQPSK直接序列扩频技术,双通道架构可同时完成不同速率的导航与通信数据的发射,再运用LDPC编码技术提升数据发射速率与稳定性;接收端采用改进的PMF-FFT分段捕获算法与归一化最小和LDPC译码算法,以快速准确捕获星间信息;在FPGA硬件平台经过多次测试,该系统均可在高动态环境下,正确快速捕获到多普勒频移高达±341 kHz的信号,捕获算法时间均可保持在200 ms以内,符合实际应用中的性能需求。

高速置换索引差分混沌移位键控通信系统

为了提高置换索引差分混沌移位键控系统的数据传输速率和能量效率,提出了高速置换索引差分混沌移位键控通信系统。该系统采用置换矩阵索引多元信息,并携带一个调制位。发射端将参考信号复制P次作为信息承载信号,通过希尔伯特变换,每个信息时隙中多传输N个用户的信息,将信号级联到正交频分复用系统进行正交载波调制,大大提高了系统的数据传输速率;同时推导了该系统在高斯白噪声信道和多径瑞利衰落信道下的误码率表达式。理论分析及仿真结果证明,该系统相比其他置换索引类系统具有高速率、低误码率的良好特性,有更好的应用前景。

基于深度学习的多进制相移键控信号调制识别研究

国内外众多的学者针对信号的调制识别做了许多深入的研究,并不断地研究出各种调制识别方法。针对多进制相移键控信号(multiple phase shift keying, MPSK)的识别效果不理想,给出了基于深度学习的识别模型,利用信号的时频图和星座图相关特征进行MPSK调制信号类型的识别,并基于时频图和星座图的识别结果进行决策融合,对比3种方法的识别效果,实现对MPSK信号识别效果的有效提升。

基于单PD直接检测Twin-SSB-QPSK信号的光纤通信系统

针对孪生单边带正交相移键控(Twin-SSB-QPSK)信号在光传输过程中的高成本问题,提出了一种在接收端采用单光电探测器(PD)直接检测Twin-SSB-QPSK信号的光纤通信系统。在接收端不需要采用光带通滤波器(OBPF)对Twin-SSB-QPSK信号的两路光单边带信号进行分离,而是利用直接检测的拍频效应,通过单PD直接检测孪生的两路光单边带QPSK信号产生相干叠加的单路16阶正交幅度调制(16QAM)信号。仿真演示了两路56 Gbit/s的QPSK信号叠加为一路112 Gbit/s的16QAM信号,并与传统的单路16QAM信号传输方案进行了仿真对比。仿真结果表明,该方案在降低系统器件要求和部署成本的同时并没有带来额外的功率代价。

针对电力线通信信道下脉冲噪声的鲁棒混沌传输系统优化设计综述

随着用户的剧增,现有的无线资源已经难以为继。因此,电力线通信(PLC)的重新启用引起了各大研究单位及工业界的关注。PLC由于信道环境复杂,现有处理方案复杂度及成本较高,因而导致其发展缓慢。其中针对脉冲噪声的研究工作最为广泛,如何在低成本情况下针对脉冲噪声实现数据传输的鲁棒性尤为重要。该文首先介绍PLC环境中几种主流噪声以及分类,而后描述具有低成本低复杂度的差分混沌键控(DCSK)及多元DCSK(MDCSK)调制技术。分别介绍与分析该系统在PLC中的特性,以及针对各种脉冲噪声种类存在的优势以及改进方式。其次该文将介绍一些相关编码调制新方案以便于提高带限环境下的传输质量。结果表明这些优化工作显著地改善了系统性能,针对PLC整体信道特性系统参数的调制及编码调制传输优化方案将成为未来工作的研究热点。

基于功率控制环扰动的DC-DC变换器能量信息一体化研究

针对实现DC-DC变换器之间的信息交互较为复杂的问题,提出了一种基于功率控制环扰动实现其能量信息一体化的方法。通过在DC-DC变换器的传统功率控制环中叠加二进制频移键控(binary frequency shift keying,2FSK)信号作为扰动,将数据信息叠加到传统脉冲宽度调制(pulse-width modulation,PWM)信号中,使得该PWM信号同时包含数据信息,实现能量信息一体化。首先,给出基于2FSK的功率/数据双载波调制以及实时的滑动离散傅里叶变换(sliding discrete Fourier transform,SDFT)解调方案。然后,通过对Buck变换器的能量信息一体化模型进行小信号建模与分析可知,降低输入阻抗可提升通信的信噪比。最后搭建一个由两个Buck变换器并联的实验装置进行验证。实验结果表明在稳态和负载突变的工况下均可实现3 kb/s的稳定通信,验证了所提方法的可行性。该方法使得DC-DC变换器能同时进行功率变换和数据传输,提升数字化和智能化水平。

一种M进制短参考置换索引的差分混沌移位键控系统

为解决置换索引的差分混沌移位键控(PI-DCSK)通信系统存在能量效率低的问题,结合短参考技术,提出了一种M进制短参考置换索引的差分混沌移位键控(SR-PI-DCSK)系统。该系统将参考时隙的混沌序列缩短至小于半个符号周期,信息时隙将参考时隙的置换排列副本进行复制并拼接P次,在不增加PI-DCSK系统结构复杂度及维持相同的恢复比特信息所需能量的情况下,可以有效提高系统能量效率,同时提升系统的误比特率(BER)。然后,分析了SR-PIDCSK系统的能量效率,推导了其在多径瑞利衰落信道环境下的BER表达式,使用蒙特-卡罗模拟仿真验证了该理论推导的正确性。仿真结果表明,在同一条件下,所提出的系统与PI-DCSK系统相比具有更好的性能增益,这能为下一代物联网短距离通信应用提供一种混沌调制方案。

非正交跳频层叠网中JTIDS波形性能仿真及改善

联合战术信息分发系统(Joint Tactical Information Distribution System,JTIDS)作为Link16的通信载体为多军种协同作战提供服务。当前,高精尖武器装备的数量激增,进而JTIDS终端增多,导致非正交跳频层叠网间的邻频干扰和同频干扰发生的概率很大。基于此,分析了改用高斯最小频移键控(Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying,GMSK)调制后,JTIDS的频谱特征。同时,仿真分析了改进系统对于互干扰和同频干扰的健壮程度。仿真结果表明,在邻频干扰和同频干扰下,JTIDS误码率显著提高,使用复杂度更高的GMSK解调的JTIDS性能比原系统更好。