Social determinants of health(SDOH)affect quality of life.We investigated SDOH impacts on self-perceived resilience among people with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD).Secondary analysis of data from two com-plemen...Social determinants of health(SDOH)affect quality of life.We investigated SDOH impacts on self-perceived resilience among people with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD).Secondary analysis of data from two com-plementary studies:a survey study conducted May 2021–June 2022 and a qualitative study conducted June 2020–August 2021.Resilience was assessed through CD-RISC10 score(range 0–40,higher scores reflect greater self-perceived resilience)and interview responses.Sociodemographic and SDOH(education,employment,living situa-tion,monetary stability,financial dependency,area deprivation index)data were collected by healthcare record review and self-report.We used linear regression with robust standard errors to analyze survey data and performed a thematic analysis of interview data.Survey participants(N=127)mean age was 42±14 years;51%were female,87%white.ACHD was moderate(75%)or complex(25%);41%functional class C or D.Resilience(mean 30±7)varied by monetary stability:compared to people with difficulty paying bills,resilience was 15.0 points higher(95%CI:6.9–23.1,p<0.001)for people reporting having enough money and 14.2 points higher(95%CI:5.9–22.4,p=0.001)for those reporting just enough money.Interview participants’(N=25)mean age was 32 years(range 22–44);52%were female,72%white.ACHD was moderate(56%)or complex(44%);76%functional class C or D.Participants discussed factors affecting resilience aligned with each of the major SDOH,prominently,economic stability and healthcare access and quality.Financial stability may be important for supporting self-perceived resi-lience in ACHD.This knowledge can inform the development of resilience interventions for this population.展开更多
By constructing a multi-sector DSGE model embedded with tax wedge, housing mortgage fi nancing constraints and bank supervision constraints, this paper investigates the long-term impact of two types of real estate tax...By constructing a multi-sector DSGE model embedded with tax wedge, housing mortgage fi nancing constraints and bank supervision constraints, this paper investigates the long-term impact of two types of real estate tax policies on economic growth and fi nancial stability, which are the unifi ed tax base assessment ratio and differential tax base assessment ratio for two major housing owners (household and enterprises). It also compares and analyzes the short-term impact of the above two types of real estate tax reform schemes on economic fl uctuations and fi nancial risks under the background of potential fi nancial risks facing China’s economy. The results show that: in the long run, the real estate tax will help economic growth, boost household consumption, and effectively suppress the excessive increase in household leverage and asset bubble risk through the “suppression effect” of housing prices and the “redistribution effect” on housing. In the short run, the real estate tax will not intensify the impact of systemic fi nancial risks, so it will not have an adverse impact on the maintenance of fi nancial stability. Different real estate tax policies have different impact on economic growth and fi nancial stability. Compared with the real estate tax with unifi ed tax base assessment ratio, the real estate tax with differential tax base assessment ratio is better for the coordinated development of financial activities and the real economy in the long term and play a stronger role in economic growth, which contributes to the unity of “stable growth”, “risk prevention” and “reform”.展开更多
At present,China is in the period of large-scale tax and fee cuts and external pandemic shocks.Local governments’fi nancial pressure has intensifi ed.There is a lack of existing studies on how it will aff ect local c...At present,China is in the period of large-scale tax and fee cuts and external pandemic shocks.Local governments’fi nancial pressure has intensifi ed.There is a lack of existing studies on how it will aff ect local carbon emissions.This paper uses the quasi-natural experiment of the 2010 educational authority reform to measure exogenous changes in fi nancial pressure.It adopts the continuous double diff erential method to empirically investigate the impact of local fi nancial pressure on carbon emissions.The results of the paper are as follows.First,the financial pressure generated by the educational authority reform has significantly increased local carbon emission intensity.This indicates that local governments will address carbon emissions in other ways when they feel fi nancial pressure.Second,to ease fi nancial pressure,local governments will regulate high energy-consuming enterprises and utilize their high production value and strong tax-generating ability to scale up their production capacity and obtain more tax revenues,which will lead to a large amount of carbon emissions.This study is of important reference significance for how to deal with fi nancial pressure from now on and how to well handle the relationship between local fi nance and carbon emissions.展开更多
基金This study is supported by K23HL15180(NIH/NHLBI,Steiner)a grant from the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
文摘Social determinants of health(SDOH)affect quality of life.We investigated SDOH impacts on self-perceived resilience among people with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD).Secondary analysis of data from two com-plementary studies:a survey study conducted May 2021–June 2022 and a qualitative study conducted June 2020–August 2021.Resilience was assessed through CD-RISC10 score(range 0–40,higher scores reflect greater self-perceived resilience)and interview responses.Sociodemographic and SDOH(education,employment,living situa-tion,monetary stability,financial dependency,area deprivation index)data were collected by healthcare record review and self-report.We used linear regression with robust standard errors to analyze survey data and performed a thematic analysis of interview data.Survey participants(N=127)mean age was 42±14 years;51%were female,87%white.ACHD was moderate(75%)or complex(25%);41%functional class C or D.Resilience(mean 30±7)varied by monetary stability:compared to people with difficulty paying bills,resilience was 15.0 points higher(95%CI:6.9–23.1,p<0.001)for people reporting having enough money and 14.2 points higher(95%CI:5.9–22.4,p=0.001)for those reporting just enough money.Interview participants’(N=25)mean age was 32 years(range 22–44);52%were female,72%white.ACHD was moderate(56%)or complex(44%);76%functional class C or D.Participants discussed factors affecting resilience aligned with each of the major SDOH,prominently,economic stability and healthcare access and quality.Financial stability may be important for supporting self-perceived resi-lience in ACHD.This knowledge can inform the development of resilience interventions for this population.
基金“Impact and Mechanism of Central Bank Digital Currency on Monetary Policy Transmission”project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72103084)“Mechanism and Impact Analysis of Central Bank Digital Currency,Financial Intermediary and Monetary Policy Transmission”project in humanities and social sciences supported by the MOE of China(21YJC790167)“Financial Risk Prevention for Real Estate Fluctuations under Downward Economy and COVID-19 Shock”project in humanities and social sciences of institutions of higher learning supported by Jiangxi Province(JJ20215).
文摘By constructing a multi-sector DSGE model embedded with tax wedge, housing mortgage fi nancing constraints and bank supervision constraints, this paper investigates the long-term impact of two types of real estate tax policies on economic growth and fi nancial stability, which are the unifi ed tax base assessment ratio and differential tax base assessment ratio for two major housing owners (household and enterprises). It also compares and analyzes the short-term impact of the above two types of real estate tax reform schemes on economic fl uctuations and fi nancial risks under the background of potential fi nancial risks facing China’s economy. The results show that: in the long run, the real estate tax will help economic growth, boost household consumption, and effectively suppress the excessive increase in household leverage and asset bubble risk through the “suppression effect” of housing prices and the “redistribution effect” on housing. In the short run, the real estate tax will not intensify the impact of systemic fi nancial risks, so it will not have an adverse impact on the maintenance of fi nancial stability. Different real estate tax policies have different impact on economic growth and fi nancial stability. Compared with the real estate tax with unifi ed tax base assessment ratio, the real estate tax with differential tax base assessment ratio is better for the coordinated development of financial activities and the real economy in the long term and play a stronger role in economic growth, which contributes to the unity of “stable growth”, “risk prevention” and “reform”.
基金supported by the General Project of“China’s Feedback Cycle of Fiscal and Financial Risks and Its Collaborative Governance Research”in China’s National Social Sciences Planning(21BJY003)the“Research on the Mutualization of Fiscal and Financial Risks and the Chinese Government’s Control of Hidden Contingent Debt”in Shandong Science&Technology Support Program for Higher Education Youth Innovation(2020RWE007).
文摘At present,China is in the period of large-scale tax and fee cuts and external pandemic shocks.Local governments’fi nancial pressure has intensifi ed.There is a lack of existing studies on how it will aff ect local carbon emissions.This paper uses the quasi-natural experiment of the 2010 educational authority reform to measure exogenous changes in fi nancial pressure.It adopts the continuous double diff erential method to empirically investigate the impact of local fi nancial pressure on carbon emissions.The results of the paper are as follows.First,the financial pressure generated by the educational authority reform has significantly increased local carbon emission intensity.This indicates that local governments will address carbon emissions in other ways when they feel fi nancial pressure.Second,to ease fi nancial pressure,local governments will regulate high energy-consuming enterprises and utilize their high production value and strong tax-generating ability to scale up their production capacity and obtain more tax revenues,which will lead to a large amount of carbon emissions.This study is of important reference significance for how to deal with fi nancial pressure from now on and how to well handle the relationship between local fi nance and carbon emissions.
