Biomineralization of Zinc-Phosphate-Based Nano Needles by Living Microalgae

Up to now, chemical synthesis routes only provide restricted opportunities for the formation of structured nano particles. In contrast, living microorganisms generate nano materials of well defined shapes by the precise control of biomineralization. Here we reveal new principles for the generation of functional nano materials through the process of biomineralization. We used the detoxification mechanism of the unicellular alga Scenedesmus obliquus to generate a techno logically interesting zinc-phosphate-based nano material. The algae were incubated in media with a sublethal zinc concentration (6.53 mg Zn dm-3) for 4 weeks. Using BF-and ADF-STEM imaging combined with analytical XEDS we could show that nano needles containing phosphorus and zinc were formed inside the living cells. Further more, the cells incubated with zinc show a strong fluorescence. Our findings indicate that the algae used polyphosphate bodies for detoxification of the zinc ions, leading to the generation of intracellular zinc-phosphate-based nano needles. Beside the technological application of this material, the fluorescent cells can be used for labeling of e.g. biological probes. This new experimental protocol for the production of an inorganic functional material can be applied also for other substances.

TREATMENT OF 42 CASES OF ALOPECIA AREATA WITH PLUM-BLOSSOM NEEDLE

In the present study, 42 cases of alopecia areata were treated by tapping the locus with plum-blossom needle and rubbing the local skin with fresh ginger. After 1 - 3 courses of treatment, 41 cases were cured, with the cure rate being 97. 62%.

THIRTY-SIX CASES OF NEURITIS OF LATERAL CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THIGH TREATED BY MAGNETIC ROUND PLUM-BLOSSOM NEEDLE PLUS INFRARED RADIATION

Thirty-six cases of neuritis of lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh were treated by mag-netic round plum-blossom needle plus infrared radiation and it was compared with simpleacupuncture treatment.Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference in thetheraPeutic effects between the two methods,but magnetic round Plum-blossom needle Plus in-frared radiation had as high therapeutic effect as simple acupuncture treatment and with themethod pateints suffered less without infection and it was easily to be accepted by patients.

OBSERVATION ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF PLUM-BLOSSOM NEEDLE TAPPING PLUS MEDICATION FOR HERPES ZOSTER

Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect of plum-blossom needle tapping combined with intravenous drip of Acyclovir for herpes zoster. Methods; A total of 40 herpes zceter patients were randomized into acupuncture plus medication group （ n = 21 ） and medication group （ n = 19） which were treated respectively with topical plum-blossom needle tapping in the focus region combined with intravenous drip of Acyclovir （250 rng＋250 mL normal saline, twice daily） and simple intravenous drip of Acyclovir. Results： After treatment, of the 21 and 19 cases in acupuncture plus medication and medication groups, 18 （85.7%） and 10 （52.6%） were cured, 3 （ 14.3% ） and 7 （36.8%） had marked improvement, 0 （0） and 2 （ 10.5% ） failed, with the effective rates being 100,0% and 89,5% respectively. The cure duration of acupuncture plus medication end medication groups were （2.5± 1.0） days and （4.0±2.3） days separately. The therapeutic effect of the former group was significantly superior to that of the later group （P〈 0.05） and the duration of cure of acupuncture plus medication group was evidently shorter than that of medication group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The therapeutic effect of plum-blossom needle tapping plus Acyclovir is significantly superior to that of simple Acyclovir in relieving pain, promoting scabbing, and shortening the therapeutic duration.

TREATMENT OF 247 CASES OF PROLAPSE OF LUMBAR INTERVERTEBRAL DISC WITH COMPREHENSIVE PLUM-BLOSSOM MAGNETIC NEEDLE THERAPY

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of comprehensive plum-blossom magnetic needle therapy on prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc. Methods: 247 cases of prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc were treated first with manual treatment and then with plum-blossom magnetic needle therapy and effect-increasing pad therapy at specified points and reactive points. Results: After treatment for 2 therapeutic courses,153 cases were cured accounting for 61.94%, 71 cases were markedly effective accounting for 28.75%, 22 cases were improved accounting for 8.91% and the rest one failed,accounting for 0.45%. Conclusion: The comprehensive plum-blossom magnetic needle therapy has a better therapeutic effect on prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc.

Treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy: acupuncture at neck Jiájǐ points and blood-letting puncture with the plum-blossom needle

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture at neck Jiájǐ （EX） points and blood-letting puncture with the plum-blossom needle on cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Methods Sixty cases of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were divided into a treatment group and a control group with 30 cases in each group. Acupuncture at neck Jiájǐ （EX） points （Extra） and blood-letting puncture with the plum-blossom needle were adopted for the treatment group. And acupuncture at neck Jiájǐ （EX） points was adopted for the control group. The therapeutic effect, visual analogue scale （VAS） and the numbness score were observed after 2 treatment courses. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 86.7% （26/30）, while the rate of the control group was 83.3% （25/30）. Comparison of the differences of the two groups was without statistic significance （P0.05）. The VAS scores of the two groups after treatment were both improved （both P0.01）, but without statistic significance between the two groups （P0.05）. The numbness scores of the two groups after treatment were both better than those before treatment （P0.01）. The therapeutic effect on numbness of the extremities of the treatment group was better than that of the control group （P0.05）. Conclusion Blood-letting puncture with the plum flower needle has a satisfactory effect on treatment of numbness of the extremities of patient with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.

Efficacy observation on cervical spondylosis of nerve root type treated by the warm needling at Jiájǐ(夹脊EX-B 2) and tapping with plum-blossom needle

Objective To observe the clinical effect on cervical spondylosis of nerve root type treated by warm needling therapy at Jiáj （夹脊 EX-B 2） and plum-blossom needle therapy. Methods According to the random number table, 150 cases of cervical spondylosis of nerve root type were randomized into an acupuncture-moxibustion group （75 cases） and a control group （75 cases）. In the acupuncture-moxibustion group, the warm needling at EX-B 2 and tapping with plum-blossom needle were applied. EX-B 2 on the affected segments were selected and stimulated with warm needling technique for 20– 30 min. Afterward, the plum-blossom needle was used to tap the skin around the acupoints, for 3 min on each site. The treatment was given once every day. Seven treatments made one session. The interval between two sessions was 1 day. In the control group, the medication was used in combination with traction therapy. The intravenous drip with 5% glucose 250 mL and compound salvia miltiorrhiza injection 40 mL was used, once a day. In traction treatment, the patient was in a sitting position, neck anteflexion at 15°–30°, traction force at 10%–20% of the body mass, for 20–30 min in each time. The treatment was given once every day. The appointed person evaluated therapeutic effects after the three sessions of treatment in the two groups. Results The clinical curative rate was 49.3% （37/75） and the total effective rate was 94.7% （71/75） in the acupuncture-moxibustion group and those were 24.0% （18/75） and 81.3% （61/75） respectively in the control group. The total effective rate and clinical curative rate in the acupuncture-moxibustion group were superior to the control group （both P0.05）. In the comparison of the duration of treatment and effect in the cured patients between the two groups, the curative rate in the 1st session of treatment in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was higher than that in the control group （P0.05）. In the comparison of the 6-month follow-up visit in the cured patients between the two groups, the effect in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was much more stable （P0.05）. Conclusion The warm needling therapy at EX-B 2 and tapping therapy with plum-blossom needle achieve the significant effect on cervical spondylosis of nerve root type.

Thin cotton moxibustion combined with plum-blossom needle in treatment of herpes zoster:a controlled trial

Objective To compare the difference of clinical efficacy of thin cotton moxibustion combined with plum-blossom needle and western medication in treatment of herpes zoster.Method Eighty patients with herpes zoster were divided into thin cotton moxibustion group（group A,n=40） and western medication group（group B,n=40） according to the sequence of admission.Patients in group A received thin cotton moxibustion that the colton was used as thin as a cicada＇s wings,combined with plum-blossom needle,and patients in group B received intravenous infusion with 0.25 g of acyclovir once a day,and acyclovir ointment application on affected part for 3-5 times per day.Five days were considered as a course of treatment.Analgesic effect and the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia were observed after two consecutive courses.Result The total effective rate was 97.5%（39/40） in group A,and80.0%（32/40） in group B（P〈0.05）;it was shown from the comparison of course between two groups that the cure rate after one in group A was markedly higher than that in group B（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）;the differences in effectual time and analgesic time between group A and group B were statistically significant（P〈0.05）;after treatment,the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia in group A was markedly lower than that in group B（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Thin cotton moxibustion combined with plum-blossom needle in treatment of herpes zoster can obviously shorten the time of therapy,effectively control pain,and reduce the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia.

Observation on the therapeutic effect of scalp acupuncture, plum-blossom needle combined with speech rehabilitation training on aphasia of ischemic apoplexy

Objective To compare clinical therapeutic effects of scalp acupuncture, plum-blossom needles tapping the head area combined with speech training and simple speech training on aphasia of ischemic apoplexy. Methods Sixty cases of aphasia of ischemic apoplexy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The patients in the control group received speech training, and in the observation group, on the basis of speech training, acupuncture was given at the anterior oblique line of vertex temporal, the posterior oblique line of vertex temporal and the middle line of vertex, and after withdrawal of the needles, the area enclosed by the 4 lines of the anterior oblique line of vertex temporal, the middle line of vertex, the posterior oblique line of vertex temporal, and connective line of Qǔbìn （曲鬓 GB 7） with Xuánlí（悬厘 GB 6） was tapped 2-3 times with plum-blossom needles. The assessment criteria in Chinese Aphasia Set Tests were used for comparison of scores of all the sub-items between the two groups. Results After treatment, scores of information amount, fluency, retelling, naming of words, naming of colors, naming of response, answer to yes or no question, hearing and recognizing, executing an order, etc. were signif icantly increased in both the two groups （all P0.05）, and the scores of all the above items in the observation group were more significantly increased as compared with those in the control group （all P0.05）. Conclusion Scalp acupuncture, plum-blossom needle tapping combined with speech training has a significant therapeutic effect on aphasia of ischemic apoplexy, which is better than that of simple speech training.

NiCoTe_(2)电极材料制备及其电化学性能研究

采用二次水热合成方法,以硝酸钴、硝酸镍、氟化铵,尿素为原材料,二氧化碲为碲源,泡沫镍为基底制备NiCoTe_(2)电极材料。利用XRD、SEM分别对材料结构和形貌进行了表征,并使用循环伏安测试、恒流充放电测试和交流阻抗测试进行了材料的电化学性能研究。结果表明,随着水热温度的增加,电极材料的纳米针/棒状形貌直径变大,并且有纳米颗粒附着表面,增加了电极材料与电解液接触的表面积和活性位点的暴露;当水热温度为140℃时制备的材料电化学性能最佳,电极材料内阻为0.63Ω,当电流密度为1 A/g时,质量比电容可达到781.5 F/g。

Effect of plum-blossom needle tapping with different stimulation intensities on hair regrowth in hair removal mice

Objective： To determine the role of intensity of plum-blossom needle tapping in treating alopecia areata. Methods： The BALB/c mice were randomized into a normal group, a control group, a roller-needle（RN） group, a mild plum-blossom needle（MP） group, and a heavy plum-blossom needle（HP） group. An area of hair was removed by external application of 8% sodium sulfide on BALB/c mice. The hair regrowth, hair follicle changes, and local inflammatory factor changes after cutaneous acupuncture were observed. Results： After treated with sodium sulfide, the hair was completely removed, the local hair follicles reached the catagen phase, and the expressions of interleukin（IL）-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α, interferon（IFN）-γ, and IL-17 were increased. Mice intervened by RN achieved the same hair growth rating as the controls but with thicker hair shafts; mice in the MP group had incomplete and uneven hair growth but thicker hair shafts; mice in the HP group didn＇t show hair growth. Pathological analysis revealed significant inflammatory infiltration into the local follicle bulbs and increased catagen-phase follicles in the control group, while RN and MP groups showed significantly increased anagen-phase follicles, coarser individual hairs, and obvious hair shafts. Meanwhile, most of the hair follicles in the HP group were in telogen phase and showed obvious surrounding inflammatory infiltration. RN, MP, and HP significantly down-regulated the increased IL-2, IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels（P〈0.05）, but didn＇t notably affect the increased CD34 expression（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Cutaneous acupuncture with heavy stimulation intensity can inhibit hair growth in hair removal mice, while RN, with the lightest stimulation intensity, is unlikely to affect hair growth but may make hair shafts thicker and follicles larger.

针灸领域应用纳米技术的现状及思考

此文阐明纳米技术在针灸中目前的应用和未来的潜力,分别从纳米技术结合针灸针、穴位贴敷与穴位注射、穴位埋线3个方面进行论述。首先,纳米技术与针具制作方面相结合研制出的纳米针灸传感针在实时检测活体活性分子方面提供了新的解决方案;其次,纳米中药与穴位注射、穴位贴敷等针灸特色疗法上的结合也具有很大的潜力;最后,依据纳米技术研发的高抗菌力、低过敏性的纳米银线,应用于临床,为临床穴位埋线治疗疾病提供更优的材料。但从纳米技术在针灸领域的应用现状来看,仍存在着一些待解决的问题,我们需要在不断思考中进一步探索,从而为今后临床治疗提供更多的选择。

Clinical study on abdominal acupuncture plus plum-blossom needle tapping for primary insomnia

Objective： To investigate the clinical efficacy and action mechanism of abdominal acupuncture plus plum-blossom needle tapping for primary insomnia. Methods： A total of 66 eligible cases were randomly allocated into an observation group（n=33） and a control group（n=33）. Cases in the observation group received abdominal acupuncture plus plum-blossom needle tapping, whereas cases in the control group received abdominal acupuncture alone. After 2, 6 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks after end of treatment, the patients in both groups were evaluated using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI） and measure your medical outcome profile（MYMOP） based on the patients＇ self-report. Results： After 2 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate was 90.9% in the observation group, versus 63.6% in the control group, showing a statistical difference（P〈0.05）. After 6 weeks of treatment, there were no between-group statistical differences in total effective rate（P〈0.05）. After 6 weeks, the sleep quality and efficiency scores in the observation group were better than those in the control group. Four weeks after end of treatment, the scores of sleep quality and MYMOP in the observation group were better than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Abdominal acupuncture plus plum-blossom needle tapping can obtain fast, accurate effect for primary insomnia and improve patients＇ sleep quality and efficiency.

Thirty Cases of Infantile Anorexia Treated by Acupuncture and Tapping with Plum-blossom Needle

Objective： To explore the effects of acupuncture therapy on mtantlle Anorexia. Method： Sixty cases were randomly allocated into treatment and control groups. In the treatment group, patients were managed by acupuncture Sifeng （Ex-UE 10） in combination with plum-blossom blood-letting puncture on Back-Shu and Zusanli （ST 36） acupoints, while multienzyme tablets and motilium suspension were administered to patients in the control group. Results： The cure rate and efficient rate in the treatment group were 83.3% and 96.6% respectively, while 26.7% and 90.0% in the control group, the treatment group has a better curative effect （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The combination of needle puncture with plum-blossom blood-letting puncture employed for children with Anorexia is of positive effects with no adverse reactions.

External Application of Chinese Medicine following Tapping Using a Plum-blossom Needle for Allergic Rhinitis

Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of external application of Chinese medicine following tapping using a plum-blossom needle for allergic rhinitis. Methods： All 328 cases were randomized into an observation group of 206 cases, Chinese medicine group of 70 cases and point application group of 52 cases. Results： The differences between the observation and Chinese medicine groups （P〈0.01） and between the observation and point application group （P〈0.05） were both of statistical meaning. The cases in the observation obtained the best effect, the point application group obtained a moderate effect and the Chinese medicine group obtained the least effect. A younger age and an increased number of treatments contributed to a better effect. Conclusion： External application of Chinese medicine following tapping using a plum-blossom needle is safe and effective for allergic rhinitis.

针状纳米碳酸钙的制备研究

采用鼓泡碳化法 ,以无机酸A为添加剂 ,通过对反应温度、反应物浓度、气体流量和气体分布板孔径大小等各影响因素的控制 ,得到制备针状纳米碳酸钙的优化工艺条件 ,最终制得了平均粒径为 2 0nm ,长径比约为 18,且分散性能良好的纳米碳酸钙 ,并用TEM和XRD对产物粒子进行了表征。

低温水热合成异形TiO_2纳米晶及其表征

70℃下在钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)水热合成TiO2过程中,加入油酸,控制TiO2颗粒的生长方向,无需热处理,直接得到针状和纺锤形锐钛矿TiO2纳米晶.应用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪对TiO2纳米晶进行了形貌观察和晶体结构的测定.红外光谱分析表明,油酸分子以静电作用吸附于针状TiO2纳米晶的表面.根据UV-Vis吸收峰,计算了TiO2纳米晶的禁带宽度.纺锤形TiO2纳米晶具有较高的光催化活性,60min内催化降解了90%的罗丹明B.

纳米羟基磷灰石的常压合成与表征

以乙二醇为氢氧化钙的溶剂在常压下合成了一种纳米羟基磷灰石晶体。分析结果表明,以乙二醇为氢氧化钙(Ca(OH)2)的溶剂反应合成的羟基磷灰石为细针状的纳米晶体,具有弱结晶结构,为非化学计量,其钙磷摩尔比约为1.66。这种纳米磷灰石晶体和自然骨中的磷灰石晶体在很多方面有相似之处。

针形纳米碳酸钙的表面改性及在PVC中的应用

对自制直径为30 nm^40 nm,长径比10~15的针形纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性后,将其应用于聚氯乙烯(PVC)的改性研究中,考察了改性针形纳米碳酸钙/PVC复合材料的力学性能。与未填充的PVC相比,纳米碳酸钙填充量为2.69%(体积分数)时,复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了5.7%、11.3%和33.7%。改性后的纳米碳酸钙与PVC之间的界面作用与未改性碳酸钙相比有所减弱。扫描电镜照片(SEM)显示,添加了改性针形碳酸钙的聚氯乙烯断裂为韧性断裂,冲击断面呈现明显的拉丝现象。

冲击电压下3种纳米改性变压器油击穿特性的比较和分析

为了提高变压器油绝缘性能,研究了不同导电性能纳米材料添加改性对变压器油冲击击穿特性的影响。选取铁磁性导电纳米粒子Fe3O4、半导体纳米粒子Ti O2和非导电纳米粒子Al2O3,经不同的表面改性剂处理后,分散于变压器油中,制得纳米改性变压器油,并证实了3种纳米改性变压器油的稳定性。通过操作冲击击穿试验,对比研究了不同浓度纳米改性变压器油的宏观击穿特性,得出3种纳米改性变压器油的最佳质量浓度分别为0.03g/L、0.01 g/L和0.02 g/L。在最佳浓度下进行雷电冲击击穿试验,结果表明:除负极性雷电冲击情况外,纳米改性变压器油的冲击击穿特性较之纯净变压器油均有较大程度的提高,其中操作正极性击穿电压提高幅度较大,可达44.1%、33.3%和35.5%。基于针–板模型的极性效应,结合空间电荷分布分析及结合极化理论,认为纳米改性变压器油冲击击穿特性的改善与添加纳米粒子捕获电子并改变原有空间电场分布相关,而3种纳米改性变压器油击穿特性的不同是由纳米粒子表面极化特性的不同导致。