The surface of nano-TiO_2 was encapsulated with hydroxyl-propyl-methyl cellulose(HPMC),and then cograftedwith acrylates.Conditions of absorbing and grafting have been studied.Modified nano-TiO_2 particles were charact...The surface of nano-TiO_2 was encapsulated with hydroxyl-propyl-methyl cellulose(HPMC),and then cograftedwith acrylates.Conditions of absorbing and grafting have been studied.Modified nano-TiO_2 particles were characterized byFT-IR spectra,TEM and TG analysis.It was convinced from FT-IR studies that both methyl methacrylate(MMA)and butyl-methacrylate(BMA)were co-grafted onto the surface of nano-TiO_2 particles.TEM images show that the surface of nano-TiO_2 particles was successfully modified by a thick layer of film-like polymer.TG results demonstrate that the decompositiontemperature of HPMC-g-PMMA/PBMA,which has been grafted onto the surface of nano-TiO_2,is 56.9 K higher than that ofHPMC-g-PMMA/PBMA.展开更多
The nano-TiO_2 particles were prepared by liquid hydrolysis method and characterized using XRD. Its antibacterial activity against two representative bacterial, Escherichia eoli and Staphylococcus aureus, was also stu...The nano-TiO_2 particles were prepared by liquid hydrolysis method and characterized using XRD. Its antibacterial activity against two representative bacterial, Escherichia eoli and Staphylococcus aureus, was also studied. The experimental results showed that the nano-TiO_2 caleinated at 600-700℃ contained the obvious anatase phase and exerted exeeUent antibacterial activity. The feature of antibacterial activity of nano- TiO_2 was non-strains specificity and exerted best antibacterial activity at concentration of 0.8 g/L.展开更多
Nano-F-/Ce3+/TiO2 particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in a mixed CF3COOH-Ce(NO3)3-H2O solution. The photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in aqueous solution was used to evaluate thei...Nano-F-/Ce3+/TiO2 particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in a mixed CF3COOH-Ce(NO3)3-H2O solution. The photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in aqueous solution was used to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectrum (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The results showed that F- and Ce3+ were doped into TiO2. The appropriate content of fluorine and cerium were 2.0% and 1.0% (atom fraction) respectively. The codoped nano-F-/Ce3+/TiO2 particles had higher BET specific surface area, smaller crystallite size and higher photocatalytic activity than those of undoped TiO2 particles.展开更多
Nanoparticles have been widely used in polymer gel systems in recent years to improve gelation performance under high-temperature reservoir conditions. However, different types of nanoparticles have different effects ...Nanoparticles have been widely used in polymer gel systems in recent years to improve gelation performance under high-temperature reservoir conditions. However, different types of nanoparticles have different effects on their gelation performance, which has been little researched. In this study, the high-temperature gelation performance, chemical structure, and microstructure of polymer gels prepared from two nanomaterials (i.e., nano-SiO_(2) and nano-TiO_(2)) were measured. The conventional HPAM/PEI polymer gel system was employed as the control sample. Results showed that the addition of nano-TiO_(2) could significantly enhance the gel strength of HPAM/PEI gel at 80 ℃. The gel strength of the enhanced HPAM/PEI gel with 0.1 wt% nano-TiO_(2) could reach grade I. The system also had excellent high-temperature stability at 150 ℃. The enhanced HPAM/PEI gel with 0.02 wt% nano-TiO_(2) reached the maximum gel strength at 150 ℃ with a storage modulus (G′) of 15 Pa, which can meet the need for efficient plugging. However, the nano-SiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI polymer gel system showed weaker gel strength than that with nano-TiO_(2) at both 80 and 150 ℃ with G′ lower than 5 Pa. Microstructures showed that the nano-TiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI gel had denser three-dimensional (3D) mesh structures, which makes the nano-TiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI gel more firmly bound to water. The FT-IR results also confirmed that the chemical structure of the nano-TiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI gel was more thermally stable than nano-SiO_(2) since there was a large amount of –OH groups on the structure surface. Therefore, nano-TiO_(2) was more suitable as the reinforcing material for HPAM/PEI gels for high-temperature petroleum reservoir conformance improvement.展开更多
A new kind of porous nano-'IiO_2 composite films was prepared on the glasssubstrate with the water glass as binders and the sodium fluorosilicate as solidifying reagent. Themorphologies of the films were studied b...A new kind of porous nano-'IiO_2 composite films was prepared on the glasssubstrate with the water glass as binders and the sodium fluorosilicate as solidifying reagent. Themorphologies of the films were studied by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The UV-Visspcctiophotometer was also used to investigate the absorption of the films. The gas-phasephotocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen oxides on the composite film was carried out in Ti0_2/UVsystem, and some important factors affecting the photocatalytic oxidation were also studied such asthe catalyst concentration, vapor pressure and the presence of oxygen. The results showed theconversion of NO_x reached 97.5% alter 2 h UV-irradiation. The final product of photo-oxidation wasdetected to be HNO_3 by FT-IR. The way of photocatalytic oxidation of NO_x was possibly useful inthe practical application.展开更多
In this work, microarc oxidation(MAO) technology was used to form oxide ceramic coating on the surface of aluminum alloy. The combined additives nano-TiOand nano-ZnO were added into the silicate electrolyte, and the e...In this work, microarc oxidation(MAO) technology was used to form oxide ceramic coating on the surface of aluminum alloy. The combined additives nano-TiOand nano-ZnO were added into the silicate electrolyte, and the effect of the compound nano-additive on microstructure and properties of MAO coating was investigated. The results show that compared with those of the nano-additive-free coating formed on aluminum alloy, the thickness, hardness, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of the nano-additive-containing coating are obviously improved. The surface of coating with nanoadditive becomes smooth, dense, and there are less porosities and microcracks. Moreover, the content of crystal phase a-AlOand y-AlOincreases visibly on the nano-additive-containing MAO coatings, and new phases AlTi and ZnTiare detected in the coatings, which are mainly contributed to the excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance of the film. When the contents of nano-TiOand nano-ZnO are, respectively, 4 and 2 g-L, the film has better comprehensive performance, the thickness and hardness of the film could reach 52 μm and HV 692,respectively.展开更多
Carbon-based adsorption and TiO_(2)-based photocatalysis are both safe and low-cost ways of pollutant pu-rification.Constructing C-TiO_(2)architectures can effectively improve removal efficiency.However,most of those ...Carbon-based adsorption and TiO_(2)-based photocatalysis are both safe and low-cost ways of pollutant pu-rification.Constructing C-TiO_(2)architectures can effectively improve removal efficiency.However,most of those carbon frames only acted as supporting substrates,exhibiting rather limited synergistic action from TiO_(2)and carbon.Herein,Fe/N co-doped nano-TiO_(2)wrapped on mesoporous carbon spheres with a core-shell structure was designed.The Fe,N co-doped carbon sphere with a hierarchical structure im-proved the synergy of adsorption and transfer during the photocatalytic process.Without extra dopant,the Fe and N partly exposed on the surface realized the in-situ migrating into the TiO_(2)shell to en-hance the interface effect,which significantly promoted the photocatalytic efficiency of the composite.Furthermore,the photocatalytic efficiency of the composite was investigated through two typical pollu-tants under visible-light irradiation.The degradation efficiencies for rhodamine B and paraxylene were 96.2%in 60 min and 94.1%in 20 min,respectively,with the apparent rate constant of 0.045 min^(-1)and 0.049 min^(-1),8.3 and 11.4 times of that for bare TiO_(2).The composite is likely advantageous for treating diverse environmental pollutants.展开更多
Nano-TiO_2 as an eco-friendly and efficient nanocatalyst was applied for quinoxaline preparation with improved yield.In this protocol,diketones and 1,2-diamines were condensed in the presence of catalyst at room tempe...Nano-TiO_2 as an eco-friendly and efficient nanocatalyst was applied for quinoxaline preparation with improved yield.In this protocol,diketones and 1,2-diamines were condensed in the presence of catalyst at room temperature.展开更多
Alkyd coatings embedded with nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO pigments were prepared. The effects of nano pigments on anticorrosion performance of alkyd coatings were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectrum （EIS...Alkyd coatings embedded with nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO pigments were prepared. The effects of nano pigments on anticorrosion performance of alkyd coatings were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectrum （EIS）. For the sake of comparison, the corrosion protection of alkyd coatings with conventional TiO2 and ZnO was also studied. It was found that nano-TiO2 pigment improved the corrosion resistance as well as the hardness of alkyd coatings. The optimal amount of nano-TiO2 in a colored coating for corrosion resistance was 1%. The viscosities of alkyd coatings with nanometer TiO2 and ZnO and conventional TiO2 and ZnO pigments were measured and the relation between viscosity and anticorrosion performance was discussed.展开更多
TiO_(2) nanoparticles(nano-TiO_(2))are widely used in the world,and a considerable amount of nano-TiO_(2) is released into the environment,with toxic effects on organisms.In the various species of higher plants,growth...TiO_(2) nanoparticles(nano-TiO_(2))are widely used in the world,and a considerable amount of nano-TiO_(2) is released into the environment,with toxic effects on organisms.In the various species of higher plants,growth,including seed germination,root elongation,and biomass accumulation,is affected by nano-TiO_(2).However,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated.In this study,we observed that nano-TiO_(2) promoted root elongation in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,we found that nano-TiO_(2) elevated auxin accumulation in the root tips of the auxin marker lines DII-VENUS and DR5::GUS,and,correspondingly,quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that nano-TiO_(2) increased the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis-and transport-related genes.GFP fluorescence observation using transgenic PIN2-GFP indicated that nano-TiO_(2) promoted root growth by inducing PIN2 accumulation.Thus,we propose that nano-TiO_(2) promote root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana by altering the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis-and transport-related genes.展开更多
In the work,the surface of the titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))nano particles were modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH550)first.And the ANFs were loaded with the different nano TiO_(2) assisted via the ultrasonic p...In the work,the surface of the titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))nano particles were modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH550)first.And the ANFs were loaded with the different nano TiO_(2) assisted via the ultrasonic process.Then the organic and inorganic hybrid membrane were fabrication by vacuum assisted flocculation(VAF).Ethanol as a proton donor can realize the flocculation of ANFs.The results of the nanocomposites were characterized by Transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The SEM results indicated that the agglomeration of nanoparticles on ANF were reduced obviously,Through the preparation of aramid nanofiber membrane with the proton donor of ethanol,it is observed that the interlaced network structures of the membrane surface were constructed.The result of the UV data is that the addition of nano-titanium dioxide improves the UV absorption capacity of the fiber membrane.展开更多
The previous works commonly adjust the carrier concentration through acceptor doping,but at the same time,the decrease of the Seebeck coefficient limits the further improvement of electrical properties in Cu_(3)SbSe_(...The previous works commonly adjust the carrier concentration through acceptor doping,but at the same time,the decrease of the Seebeck coefficient limits the further improvement of electrical properties in Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)-based materials.In this work,a microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis method was used to synthesize Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)/TiO_(2) hollow microspheres.Part of TiO_(2) participates in the reaction,replaces the Sb site of Cu_(3)SbSe_(4) to form holes,and the rest is dispersed in the matrix in the form of the second phase.The first-principles calculations reveal that the doping of Ti significantly changes the band structure and phonon spectrum,thereby regulating carrier concentration while increasing phonon scattering.In addition,experimental results show that the energy filtering effect generated by the extra-mixed TiO_(2) nano particles,which suppresses the decrease of Seebeck coefficient by acceptor doping.Consequently,the highest average power factor 897.5 mW m^(-1) K^(-2) and the zT peak value of 0.70 can be obtained in Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)/6%TiO_(2) sample at 298e623 K.This work provides a new sight to improve the thermoelectric properties in Cu_(3)SbSe_(4) through carrier concentration regulation and nano-phase composition.展开更多
基金This work was funded by the Natural Science Fund of Anhui Educational Committeethe Youth Fund of Anhui Normal University.
文摘The surface of nano-TiO_2 was encapsulated with hydroxyl-propyl-methyl cellulose(HPMC),and then cograftedwith acrylates.Conditions of absorbing and grafting have been studied.Modified nano-TiO_2 particles were characterized byFT-IR spectra,TEM and TG analysis.It was convinced from FT-IR studies that both methyl methacrylate(MMA)and butyl-methacrylate(BMA)were co-grafted onto the surface of nano-TiO_2 particles.TEM images show that the surface of nano-TiO_2 particles was successfully modified by a thick layer of film-like polymer.TG results demonstrate that the decompositiontemperature of HPMC-g-PMMA/PBMA,which has been grafted onto the surface of nano-TiO_2,is 56.9 K higher than that ofHPMC-g-PMMA/PBMA.
基金Funded by the Research Fund of Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province(No.AE201037the Foundation for Talent Recruitment of Yancheng Institute of Technology(No.XKR2011007)
文摘The nano-TiO_2 particles were prepared by liquid hydrolysis method and characterized using XRD. Its antibacterial activity against two representative bacterial, Escherichia eoli and Staphylococcus aureus, was also studied. The experimental results showed that the nano-TiO_2 caleinated at 600-700℃ contained the obvious anatase phase and exerted exeeUent antibacterial activity. The feature of antibacterial activity of nano- TiO_2 was non-strains specificity and exerted best antibacterial activity at concentration of 0.8 g/L.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (203364)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei University of Science and Technology (XL2006038)
文摘Nano-F-/Ce3+/TiO2 particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in a mixed CF3COOH-Ce(NO3)3-H2O solution. The photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue in aqueous solution was used to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectrum (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The results showed that F- and Ce3+ were doped into TiO2. The appropriate content of fluorine and cerium were 2.0% and 1.0% (atom fraction) respectively. The codoped nano-F-/Ce3+/TiO2 particles had higher BET specific surface area, smaller crystallite size and higher photocatalytic activity than those of undoped TiO2 particles.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(No.2022D01A250)the CNPC Strategic Cooperation Science and Technology Project(ZLZX2020-01-04-04).
文摘Nanoparticles have been widely used in polymer gel systems in recent years to improve gelation performance under high-temperature reservoir conditions. However, different types of nanoparticles have different effects on their gelation performance, which has been little researched. In this study, the high-temperature gelation performance, chemical structure, and microstructure of polymer gels prepared from two nanomaterials (i.e., nano-SiO_(2) and nano-TiO_(2)) were measured. The conventional HPAM/PEI polymer gel system was employed as the control sample. Results showed that the addition of nano-TiO_(2) could significantly enhance the gel strength of HPAM/PEI gel at 80 ℃. The gel strength of the enhanced HPAM/PEI gel with 0.1 wt% nano-TiO_(2) could reach grade I. The system also had excellent high-temperature stability at 150 ℃. The enhanced HPAM/PEI gel with 0.02 wt% nano-TiO_(2) reached the maximum gel strength at 150 ℃ with a storage modulus (G′) of 15 Pa, which can meet the need for efficient plugging. However, the nano-SiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI polymer gel system showed weaker gel strength than that with nano-TiO_(2) at both 80 and 150 ℃ with G′ lower than 5 Pa. Microstructures showed that the nano-TiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI gel had denser three-dimensional (3D) mesh structures, which makes the nano-TiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI gel more firmly bound to water. The FT-IR results also confirmed that the chemical structure of the nano-TiO_(2) enhanced HPAM/PEI gel was more thermally stable than nano-SiO_(2) since there was a large amount of –OH groups on the structure surface. Therefore, nano-TiO_(2) was more suitable as the reinforcing material for HPAM/PEI gels for high-temperature petroleum reservoir conformance improvement.
基金Supported by the Key Technologies Research and Development Programme of the Ninth Five year Plan of China (96 554 03 01)
文摘A new kind of porous nano-'IiO_2 composite films was prepared on the glasssubstrate with the water glass as binders and the sodium fluorosilicate as solidifying reagent. Themorphologies of the films were studied by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The UV-Visspcctiophotometer was also used to investigate the absorption of the films. The gas-phasephotocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen oxides on the composite film was carried out in Ti0_2/UVsystem, and some important factors affecting the photocatalytic oxidation were also studied such asthe catalyst concentration, vapor pressure and the presence of oxygen. The results showed theconversion of NO_x reached 97.5% alter 2 h UV-irradiation. The final product of photo-oxidation wasdetected to be HNO_3 by FT-IR. The way of photocatalytic oxidation of NO_x was possibly useful inthe practical application.
基金financially supported by the International Technology Cooperation Plan in Guizhou Province (No.2012-7001)
文摘In this work, microarc oxidation(MAO) technology was used to form oxide ceramic coating on the surface of aluminum alloy. The combined additives nano-TiOand nano-ZnO were added into the silicate electrolyte, and the effect of the compound nano-additive on microstructure and properties of MAO coating was investigated. The results show that compared with those of the nano-additive-free coating formed on aluminum alloy, the thickness, hardness, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of the nano-additive-containing coating are obviously improved. The surface of coating with nanoadditive becomes smooth, dense, and there are less porosities and microcracks. Moreover, the content of crystal phase a-AlOand y-AlOincreases visibly on the nano-additive-containing MAO coatings, and new phases AlTi and ZnTiare detected in the coatings, which are mainly contributed to the excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance of the film. When the contents of nano-TiOand nano-ZnO are, respectively, 4 and 2 g-L, the film has better comprehensive performance, the thickness and hardness of the film could reach 52 μm and HV 692,respectively.
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(No.21974057).
文摘Carbon-based adsorption and TiO_(2)-based photocatalysis are both safe and low-cost ways of pollutant pu-rification.Constructing C-TiO_(2)architectures can effectively improve removal efficiency.However,most of those carbon frames only acted as supporting substrates,exhibiting rather limited synergistic action from TiO_(2)and carbon.Herein,Fe/N co-doped nano-TiO_(2)wrapped on mesoporous carbon spheres with a core-shell structure was designed.The Fe,N co-doped carbon sphere with a hierarchical structure im-proved the synergy of adsorption and transfer during the photocatalytic process.Without extra dopant,the Fe and N partly exposed on the surface realized the in-situ migrating into the TiO_(2)shell to en-hance the interface effect,which significantly promoted the photocatalytic efficiency of the composite.Furthermore,the photocatalytic efficiency of the composite was investigated through two typical pollu-tants under visible-light irradiation.The degradation efficiencies for rhodamine B and paraxylene were 96.2%in 60 min and 94.1%in 20 min,respectively,with the apparent rate constant of 0.045 min^(-1)and 0.049 min^(-1),8.3 and 11.4 times of that for bare TiO_(2).The composite is likely advantageous for treating diverse environmental pollutants.
基金Financial support for this work by the Research Council of Yazd University is gratefully acknowledged
文摘Nano-TiO_2 as an eco-friendly and efficient nanocatalyst was applied for quinoxaline preparation with improved yield.In this protocol,diketones and 1,2-diamines were condensed in the presence of catalyst at room temperature.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50499334).
文摘Alkyd coatings embedded with nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO pigments were prepared. The effects of nano pigments on anticorrosion performance of alkyd coatings were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectrum （EIS）. For the sake of comparison, the corrosion protection of alkyd coatings with conventional TiO2 and ZnO was also studied. It was found that nano-TiO2 pigment improved the corrosion resistance as well as the hardness of alkyd coatings. The optimal amount of nano-TiO2 in a colored coating for corrosion resistance was 1%. The viscosities of alkyd coatings with nanometer TiO2 and ZnO and conventional TiO2 and ZnO pigments were measured and the relation between viscosity and anticorrosion performance was discussed.
基金This work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.31970289).
文摘TiO_(2) nanoparticles(nano-TiO_(2))are widely used in the world,and a considerable amount of nano-TiO_(2) is released into the environment,with toxic effects on organisms.In the various species of higher plants,growth,including seed germination,root elongation,and biomass accumulation,is affected by nano-TiO_(2).However,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated.In this study,we observed that nano-TiO_(2) promoted root elongation in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,we found that nano-TiO_(2) elevated auxin accumulation in the root tips of the auxin marker lines DII-VENUS and DR5::GUS,and,correspondingly,quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that nano-TiO_(2) increased the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis-and transport-related genes.GFP fluorescence observation using transgenic PIN2-GFP indicated that nano-TiO_(2) promoted root growth by inducing PIN2 accumulation.Thus,we propose that nano-TiO_(2) promote root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana by altering the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis-and transport-related genes.
基金supported by the Guizhou Province"100-level"Innovative Talents Project,Qianke Union platform talent(NO.[2016]5653).
文摘In the work,the surface of the titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))nano particles were modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH550)first.And the ANFs were loaded with the different nano TiO_(2) assisted via the ultrasonic process.Then the organic and inorganic hybrid membrane were fabrication by vacuum assisted flocculation(VAF).Ethanol as a proton donor can realize the flocculation of ANFs.The results of the nanocomposites were characterized by Transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The SEM results indicated that the agglomeration of nanoparticles on ANF were reduced obviously,Through the preparation of aramid nanofiber membrane with the proton donor of ethanol,it is observed that the interlaced network structures of the membrane surface were constructed.The result of the UV data is that the addition of nano-titanium dioxide improves the UV absorption capacity of the fiber membrane.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51871240).The calculations were carried out at the National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen(Shenzhen Cloud Computing Center).
文摘The previous works commonly adjust the carrier concentration through acceptor doping,but at the same time,the decrease of the Seebeck coefficient limits the further improvement of electrical properties in Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)-based materials.In this work,a microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis method was used to synthesize Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)/TiO_(2) hollow microspheres.Part of TiO_(2) participates in the reaction,replaces the Sb site of Cu_(3)SbSe_(4) to form holes,and the rest is dispersed in the matrix in the form of the second phase.The first-principles calculations reveal that the doping of Ti significantly changes the band structure and phonon spectrum,thereby regulating carrier concentration while increasing phonon scattering.In addition,experimental results show that the energy filtering effect generated by the extra-mixed TiO_(2) nano particles,which suppresses the decrease of Seebeck coefficient by acceptor doping.Consequently,the highest average power factor 897.5 mW m^(-1) K^(-2) and the zT peak value of 0.70 can be obtained in Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)/6%TiO_(2) sample at 298e623 K.This work provides a new sight to improve the thermoelectric properties in Cu_(3)SbSe_(4) through carrier concentration regulation and nano-phase composition.
