The curing behavior of lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin with different contents of nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates (5, 10 ...The curing behavior of lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin with different contents of nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates (5, 10 and 20°C/min) and the bonding property was evaluated by the wet shear strength and wood failure of two-ply plywood panels after soaking in water (48 hours at room temperature and followed by 1-hour boiling). The test results indicated that the NCC content had little influence on the peak temperature, activation energy and the total heat of reaction of LPF resin at 5 and 10°C/min. But at 20°C/min, LPF0.00% (LPF resin without NCC) showed the highest total heat of reaction, while LPF0.25% (LPF resin containing 0.25% NCC content) and LPF0.50% (LPF resin containing 0.50% NCC content) gave the lowest value. The wet shear strength was affected by the NCC content to a certain extent. With regard to the results of one-way analysis of variance, the bonding quality could be improved by NCC and the optimum NCC content ranged from 0.25% to 0.50%. The wood failure was also affected by the NCC content, but the trend with respect to NCC content was not clear.展开更多
This paper gives a brief report of the synthesis of a new kind of solid-solid phase change materials （SSPCMs）, nano-crystalline cellulose/polyethylene glycol （NCC/PEG）. These PCMs have very high ability for energy...This paper gives a brief report of the synthesis of a new kind of solid-solid phase change materials （SSPCMs）, nano-crystalline cellulose/polyethylene glycol （NCC/PEG）. These PCMs have very high ability for energy storage, and their enthalpies reach 103.8 J/g. They are composed of two parts, PEG as functional branches for energy storage, and NCC as skeleton. The flexible polymer PEG was grafted onto the surface of rigid powder of NCC by covalent bonds. The results of DSC, FT-IR were briefly introduced, and some comments were also given.展开更多
Natural cellulose with the crystal form of cellulose Ⅰ, when treated with condensed lye (e.g. 18%NaOH), can change into new crystal form of cellulose Ⅱ. But the nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) can do it when only t...Natural cellulose with the crystal form of cellulose Ⅰ, when treated with condensed lye (e.g. 18%NaOH), can change into new crystal form of cellulose Ⅱ. But the nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) can do it when only treated with dilute lye (e.g. 1%NaOH) at room temperature and even can dissolve into slightly concentrated lye (e.g. 4%NaOH).展开更多
In this study,nanocrystalline celluloses were used to enhance physical,mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of chitosan films for potential food packaging applications.Two different mineral acids(sulfuric and...In this study,nanocrystalline celluloses were used to enhance physical,mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of chitosan films for potential food packaging applications.Two different mineral acids(sulfuric and phosphoric)were used to extract nanocrystalline cellulose from date palm sheath fibers.The influence of cellulose I and cellulose II on the properties of the isolated nanocrystalline celluloses(e.g.,yield,energy and length of intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonds,and degree of substitution)were studied too.The characteristics of chitosan biocomposite film with phosphorylated nanocrystalline cellulose were compared to those with sulfated nanocrystalline cellulose.Results showed that besides cellulose polymorphism,the ionic ester groups on the surface of nanocrystalline cellulose is one of the factors influencing the physical,chemical,mechanical,and water vapor barrier properties in chitosan/nanocrystalline cellulose biocomposites.展开更多
Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by acid hydrolysis.It was observed that the diameter of NCC particles mainly distributed over 30～50 nm by transmission electron micro...Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by acid hydrolysis.It was observed that the diameter of NCC particles mainly distributed over 30～50 nm by transmission electron microscope (TEM).The crystal form and degree of crystallinity were detected by X-Ray diffraction.The results showed that NCC and MCC have the same crystal form of cellulose I,and that the reactions mainly occurred in the amorphous region of MCC during the acid hydrolysis process.The thermal behavior of NCC in different pH conditions was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The consequences indicate that the thermal stability of NCC distinctly decreased by contrast with the thermal stability of MCC,and that the thermal stability of NCCs in alkali conditions was higher than that of NCCs in acid conditions.The specific surface area distinctly increased with sharp decreasing of the particle size of NCC.This induced the end carbons and active groups of surface of NCC to increase sharply,therefore caused the thermal stability of NCC to distinctly abate.That NCC has very strong adsorption affinity is the cause of the obvious difference of thermal behavior of NCC in different pH.In acid conditions the surface of NCC adsorbed a great lot of H^+,which induced the cellulose chains of surface of NCC to decompose at low temperature catalyzed by H^+.When adding sodium hydroxide solution,on one hand the H^+ of surface of NCC was neutralized; on the other hand,the cellulose chains of low molecular weight were dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution and the defects of surface of NCC rearranged and stable structure formed.These factors improved the thermal stability of NCC in alkali conditions.展开更多
阔叶木溶解浆经酸水解制备纳米晶纤维素(NCC),采用高碘酸钠法对NCC进行氧化制备双醛NCC,探讨了高碘酸钠使用量、p H、反应温度和反应时间对双醛NCC醛基含量的影响.结果表明,适宜的氧化反应条件为:高碘酸钠与NCC质量比为2、p H 3、反应温...阔叶木溶解浆经酸水解制备纳米晶纤维素(NCC),采用高碘酸钠法对NCC进行氧化制备双醛NCC,探讨了高碘酸钠使用量、p H、反应温度和反应时间对双醛NCC醛基含量的影响.结果表明,适宜的氧化反应条件为:高碘酸钠与NCC质量比为2、p H 3、反应温度40,℃、反应时间4,h,此时双醛NCC醛基含量为73%,.FTIR、XRD、AFM和聚合度检测表明:双醛NCC已经生成;溶解浆纤维素水解成NCC后的结晶度以及NCC氧化成双醛NCC后的结晶度都发生了变化;NCC呈梭形棒状结构,NCC氧化后粒径变小;聚合度在纤维素水解成NCC后大幅降低,经过高碘酸钠氧化,聚合度进一步下降.展开更多
文摘The curing behavior of lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin with different contents of nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates (5, 10 and 20°C/min) and the bonding property was evaluated by the wet shear strength and wood failure of two-ply plywood panels after soaking in water (48 hours at room temperature and followed by 1-hour boiling). The test results indicated that the NCC content had little influence on the peak temperature, activation energy and the total heat of reaction of LPF resin at 5 and 10°C/min. But at 20°C/min, LPF0.00% (LPF resin without NCC) showed the highest total heat of reaction, while LPF0.25% (LPF resin containing 0.25% NCC content) and LPF0.50% (LPF resin containing 0.50% NCC content) gave the lowest value. The wet shear strength was affected by the NCC content to a certain extent. With regard to the results of one-way analysis of variance, the bonding quality could be improved by NCC and the optimum NCC content ranged from 0.25% to 0.50%. The wood failure was also affected by the NCC content, but the trend with respect to NCC content was not clear.
文摘This paper gives a brief report of the synthesis of a new kind of solid-solid phase change materials （SSPCMs）, nano-crystalline cellulose/polyethylene glycol （NCC/PEG）. These PCMs have very high ability for energy storage, and their enthalpies reach 103.8 J/g. They are composed of two parts, PEG as functional branches for energy storage, and NCC as skeleton. The flexible polymer PEG was grafted onto the surface of rigid powder of NCC by covalent bonds. The results of DSC, FT-IR were briefly introduced, and some comments were also given.
文摘Natural cellulose with the crystal form of cellulose Ⅰ, when treated with condensed lye (e.g. 18%NaOH), can change into new crystal form of cellulose Ⅱ. But the nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) can do it when only treated with dilute lye (e.g. 1%NaOH) at room temperature and even can dissolve into slightly concentrated lye (e.g. 4%NaOH).
文摘In this study,nanocrystalline celluloses were used to enhance physical,mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of chitosan films for potential food packaging applications.Two different mineral acids(sulfuric and phosphoric)were used to extract nanocrystalline cellulose from date palm sheath fibers.The influence of cellulose I and cellulose II on the properties of the isolated nanocrystalline celluloses(e.g.,yield,energy and length of intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonds,and degree of substitution)were studied too.The characteristics of chitosan biocomposite film with phosphorylated nanocrystalline cellulose were compared to those with sulfated nanocrystalline cellulose.Results showed that besides cellulose polymorphism,the ionic ester groups on the surface of nanocrystalline cellulose is one of the factors influencing the physical,chemical,mechanical,and water vapor barrier properties in chitosan/nanocrystalline cellulose biocomposites.
文摘Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by acid hydrolysis.It was observed that the diameter of NCC particles mainly distributed over 30～50 nm by transmission electron microscope (TEM).The crystal form and degree of crystallinity were detected by X-Ray diffraction.The results showed that NCC and MCC have the same crystal form of cellulose I,and that the reactions mainly occurred in the amorphous region of MCC during the acid hydrolysis process.The thermal behavior of NCC in different pH conditions was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The consequences indicate that the thermal stability of NCC distinctly decreased by contrast with the thermal stability of MCC,and that the thermal stability of NCCs in alkali conditions was higher than that of NCCs in acid conditions.The specific surface area distinctly increased with sharp decreasing of the particle size of NCC.This induced the end carbons and active groups of surface of NCC to increase sharply,therefore caused the thermal stability of NCC to distinctly abate.That NCC has very strong adsorption affinity is the cause of the obvious difference of thermal behavior of NCC in different pH.In acid conditions the surface of NCC adsorbed a great lot of H^+,which induced the cellulose chains of surface of NCC to decompose at low temperature catalyzed by H^+.When adding sodium hydroxide solution,on one hand the H^+ of surface of NCC was neutralized; on the other hand,the cellulose chains of low molecular weight were dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution and the defects of surface of NCC rearranged and stable structure formed.These factors improved the thermal stability of NCC in alkali conditions.
文摘阔叶木溶解浆经酸水解制备纳米晶纤维素(NCC),采用高碘酸钠法对NCC进行氧化制备双醛NCC,探讨了高碘酸钠使用量、p H、反应温度和反应时间对双醛NCC醛基含量的影响.结果表明,适宜的氧化反应条件为:高碘酸钠与NCC质量比为2、p H 3、反应温度40,℃、反应时间4,h,此时双醛NCC醛基含量为73%,.FTIR、XRD、AFM和聚合度检测表明:双醛NCC已经生成;溶解浆纤维素水解成NCC后的结晶度以及NCC氧化成双醛NCC后的结晶度都发生了变化;NCC呈梭形棒状结构,NCC氧化后粒径变小;聚合度在纤维素水解成NCC后大幅降低,经过高碘酸钠氧化,聚合度进一步下降.
