Synthesis and Luminescent Property of Polycarbazole/Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Nanocomposites

Polyvinylcarbazole（PVK） composites containing organic-inorganic hybrid polyhedral oligomeric silse-squioxane（POSS） PVK-POSS were prepared by free radical polymerization. POSS monomers reacted with vinylcarbazole and were completely dispersed at molecular level in PVK matrix and PVK-POSS nanocomposites display higher glass transition temperature（Tg） in comparison with neat PVK. Optical properties of PVK/POSS nanocomposites were investigated by UV-spectrum and PL-spectrum and the results show that the PVK-POSS nanoparticles have a good interface effect and improve color purity effectively. The maximum absorption wavelength bathochromically shifts gradually with the increasing of the content of POSS. The luminescent intensity becomes higher and higher with the increase of POSS content, and reaches its maximum luminescent intensity when the POSS content is 3% （mass fraction）, while some POSS-rich nanoparticles are present in matrix when contents of POSS are beyond 5%.

Ratio of In-Sphere Volume to Polyhedron Volume of the Great Pyramid Compared to Selected Convex Polyhedral Solids

The architecture of the Great Pyramid at Giza is based on fascinating golden mean geometry. Recently the ratio of the in-sphere volume to the pyramid volume was calculated. One yields as result RV = π ⋅ φ5, where is the golden mean. It is important that the number φ5 is a fundamental constant of nature describing phase transition from microscopic to cosmic scale. In this contribution the relatively small volume ratio of the Great Pyramid was compared to that of selected convex polyhedral solids such as the Platonic solids respectively the face-rich truncated icosahedron (bucky ball) as one of Archimedes’ solids leading to effective filling of the polyhedron by its in-sphere and therefore the highest volume ratio of the selected examples. The smallest ratio was found for the Great Pyramid. A regression analysis delivers the highly reliable volume ratio relation , where nF represents the number of polyhedron faces and b approximates the silver mean. For less-symmetrical solids with a unique axis (tetragonal pyramids) the in-sphere can be replaced by a biaxial ellipsoid of maximum volume to adjust the RV relation more reliably.

Delay-dependent robust H_∞control of convex polyhedral uncertain fuzzy systems

The robust H∞ control problem for a class of uncertain Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy systems with timevarying state delays is studied. The uncertain parameters are supposed to reside in a polytope. Based on the delay-dependent Lyapunov functional method, a new delay-dependent robust H∞ fuzzy controller, which depends on the size of the delays and the derivative of the delays, is presented in term of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）. For all admissible uncertainties and delays, the controller guarantees not only the asymptotic stability of the system but also the prescribed H∞ attenuation level. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed design method is demonstrated by a numerical example.

Vertically aligned NiS nano-flakes derived from hydrothermally prepared Ni(OH)2 for high performance supercapacitor

In present work,the vertically aligned Ni S nano-flakes composed thin film is prepared by anionic exchange process in which hydrothermally prepared Ni（OH）2is used as a parent thin film and Na2S as a sulfide ion source.This synthesis process produced fully transformed and shape-controlled nano-flakes of Ni S from nano-flowers of Ni（OH）2.The electrochemical supercapacitor properties of Ni S electrode are studied with cyclic voltammetry（CV）,galvonostatic charge discharge（GCD）and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）techniques.Highly porous surface area（85 m^2/g）of Ni S nano-flakes makes large material contribution in electrochemical reaction stretching specific capacitance（Cs）of 880 F/g at scan rate of 5 m V/s and 90%electrochemical stability up to 4000 CV cycles in 2 M KOH electrolyte.Further,the flexible solid-state symmetric supercapacitor device（Ni S/PVA–Li ClO4/Ni S）has been fabricated using Ni S electrodes with polyvinyl alcohol（PVA）–lithium perchlorate（Li ClO4）gel electrolyte.The Ni S/PVA–Li ClO4/Ni S device exhibits specific capacitance of 56 F/g with specific energy of 14.98 Wh/kg and excellent cycling stability after 2000 cycles.In addition,the Ni S/PVA–Li ClO4/Ni S device demonstrates illumination of red light emitting diode（LED）for 60 s,which confirms the practical applicability of Ni S/PVA–Li ClO4/Ni S device in energy storage.

Gregory Solid Construction for Polyhedral Volume Parameterization by Sparse Optimization

In isogeometric analysis,it is frequently required to handle the geometric models enclosed by four-sided or non-four-sided boundary patches,such as trimmed surfaces.In this paper,we develop a Gregory solid based method to parameterize those models.First,we extend the Gregory patch representation to the trivariate Gregory solid representation.Second,the trivariate Gregory solid representation is employed to interpolate the boundary patches of a geometric model,thus generating the polyhedral volume parametrization.To improve the regularity of the polyhedral volume parametrization,we formulate the construction of the trivariate Gregory solid as a sparse optimization problem,where the optimization objective function is a linear combination of some terms,including a sparse term aiming to reduce the negative Jacobian area of the Gregory solid.Then,the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)is used to solve the sparse optimization problem.Lots of experimental examples illustrated in this paper demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the developed method.

Synthesis and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane)hybrid nanocomposites

A novel poly（methyl methacrylate-co-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane） hybrid nanocomposite was synthesized by free radical polymerization and characterized by 1H NMR, 29Si NMR, and TGA technologies. Compared with PMMA homopolymer, the nanocomposite has better thermal stability.

Synthesis and Characterization of a New Titanium-silicate Material Containing Cage-like Polyhedral Oligosilsesquioxane

A new titanium-silicate material was synthesized with cubic cage-like tetramethylammonium octasilicate and TiCl4 ethanol solution as precursors. The product was characterized by FTIR, ^29Si NMR, UV-Vis, and XRD. Struc-tural and ingrediental analyses suggest that this material has a layered structure with cubic cage-like polyhedral oligo-silsesquioxane as building blocks and titanium as bridging atoms.

Study of Flame Retardation of Polycarbonate Modified by Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane and Caged Bicyclic Phosphate

The flame-retarded polycarbonate（PC） has been made with octaphenyl polyhedral silsesquioxane（OPS） and/or caged bicyclic phosphate（Trimer）.Thermal gravimetric analysis（TGA）,Fourier-transform infrared（FTIR）,TGA-FTIR,limiting oxygen index（LOI）,and mechanical tests have been employed to characterize the modified PC.The additives of OPS and Trimer in PC have been proved to be effective flame-retardants because of the synergistic interaction between the elements of P and Si.The role of OPS and Trimer in PC degradation are different：OPS participates in the charring of PC,while Trimer makes PC degrade in advance.In addition,OPS and Trimer induced obvious differences in the mechanical properties of PC.

Polyhedral symmetry and quantum mechanics

A thorough study of regular and quasi-regular polyhedra shows that the symmetries of these polyhedra identically describe the quantization of orbital angular momentum, of spin, and of total angular momentum, a fact which permits one to assign quantum states at the vertices of these polyhedra assumed as the average particle positions. Furthermore, if the particles are fermions, their wave function is anti-symmetric and its maxima are identically the same as those of repulsive particles, e.g., on a sphere like the spherical shape of closed shells, which implies equilibrium of these particles having average positions at the aforementioned maxima. Such equilibria on a sphere are solely satisfied at the vertices of regular and quasi-regular polyhedra which can be associated with the most probable forms of shells both in Nuclear Physics and in Atomic Cluster Physics when the constituent atoms possess half integer spins. If the average sizes of the constituent particles are known, then the average sizes of the resulting shells become known as well. This association of Symmetry with Quantum Mechanics leads to many applications and excellent results.

A Geometric Method for Generating Discrete Trace Transition System of a Polyhedral Invariant Hybrid Automaton

Supervisory control and fault diagnosis of hybrid systems need to have complete information about the discrete states transitions of the underling system. From this point of view, the hybrid system should be abstracted to a Discrete Trace Transition System (DTTS) and represented by a discrete mode transition graph. In this paper an effective method is proposed for generating discrete mode transition graph of a hybrid system. This method can be used for a general class of industrial hybrid plants which are defined by Polyhedral Invariant Hybrid Automata (PIHA). In these automata there are no resetting maps, while invariant sets are defined by linear inequalities. Therefore, based on the continuity property of the state trajectories in a PIHA, the problem is reduced to finding possible transitions between all two adjacent discrete modes. In the presented method, the possibility and the direction of such transitions are detected only by computing the angle between the vector field and the normal vector of the switching surfaces. Thus, unlike the most other reachability methods, there is no need to solve differential equations and to do mapping computations. In addition, the proposed method, with some modifications can be applied for extracting Stochastic or Timed Discrete Trace Transition Systems.

Modeling calving process of glacier with dilated polyhedral discrete element method

Mass loss caused by glacier calving is one of the direct contributors to global sea level rise.Reliable calving laws are required for accurate modelling of ice sheet mass balance.Both continuous and discontinuous methods have been used for glacial calving simulations.In this study,the discrete element method(DEM)based on dilated polyhedral elements is introduced to simulate the calving process of a tidewater glacier.Dilated polyhedrons can be obtained from the Minkowski sum of a sphere and a core polyhedron.These elements can be utilized to generate a continuum ice material,where the interaction force between adjacent elements is modeled by constructing bonds at the joints of the common faces.A hybrid fracture model considering fracture energy is introduced.The viscous creep behavior of glaciers on long-term scales is not considered.By applying buoyancy and gravity to the modelled glacier,DEM results show that the calving process is caused by cracks which are initialized at the top of the glacier and spread to the bottom.The results demonstrate the feasibility of using the dilated polyhedral DEM method in glacier simulations,additionally allowing the fragment size of the breaking fragments to be counted.The relationship between crack propagation and internal stress in the glacier is analyzed during calving process.Through the analysis of the Mises stress and the normal stress between the elements,it is found that geometric changes caused by the glacier calving lead to the redistribution of the stress.The tensile stress between the elements is the main influencing factor of glacier ice failure.In addition,the element shape,glacier base friction and buoyancy are studied,the results show that the glacier model based on the dilated polyhedral DEM is sensitive to the above conditions.

双小行星系统表面动力学环境分析

双小行星系统在太阳系中普遍存在,具有独特的探测价值,揭示其表面动力学环境是实现表面巡游探测的关键。相比于单小行星,双星系统成员间的摄动作用对表面动力学环境存在影响,需要加以专门的分析和研究。以近地双小行星系统(66391)Moshup为例,主、次星均采用多面体引力场模型,通过推导质点在主、次星表面附近的动力学方程,计算出主、次星的表面等效重力和表面坡度,以及表面各点处的最小和最大起飞速度,分析分布规律和成因,特别关注次星对高速旋转主星的周期性潮汐力的影响。在此研究结果的基础上,针对主星和次星分析适合探测器着陆和表面巡游的区域。结果表明:由于旋转离心力的影响,主、次星表面的等效重力分布有随纬度减小而降低的趋势,而坡度主要与局部地形相关,主星的北极高纬度区域和次星南北纬80°以上的区域坡度小,且等效重力较大,适合作为探测器的着陆点或开展表面巡游;次星潮汐力对主星表面重力存在周期性影响;主星表面大部分区域的最小起飞速度小于0.3 m/s,次星表面大部分区域的最小起飞速度在0.10~0.25 m/s之间。由于自转影响,主、次星的最小起飞速度方向几乎全部朝东。

基于多面体重叠网格的多体分离计算分析

分离问题在航空航天领域频繁出现,对各类运载火箭、飞行器等完成任务使命至关重要,并事关主体/分离体的安全。基于带边界层加密的多面体网格、重叠网格和刚体六自由度运动方程,利用CFD数值模拟方法,对某标模外形开展了多体分离数值模拟,研究了不同初始弹射力对多体分离安全性的影响,从纵向和横航向两方面分析了标模的分离特性及与弹射力的关系,对工程研究有一定的参考作用。

甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒颗粒剂制备及其抗逆性能评价

甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(SeNPV)具有专一性和高效性,可以有效控制甜菜夜蛾种群,而且对环境和生态安全。为了提高甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒的稳定性,以海藻酸钠为包埋材料,通过优化载体用量和进料速率等条件,采用喷雾法制备了病毒颗粒剂,并对其相关性能进行了表征和评价。结果表明:海藻酸钠质量浓度为1%,进料速率为13mL/min时制备的病毒颗粒剂呈不规则形状,颗粒剂产率79.4%,病毒含量1.0×10^(6)PIB/g,D_(50)在130μm左右。经颗粒剂海藻酸钠包埋的甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒具有良好的热稳定性和抗紫外性能,同时不会影响其对甜菜夜蛾幼虫的致病力。

左旋氨氯地平分子印迹聚合物的合成及性能研究

采用烯丙基DESs和有机-无机杂化纳米材料POSS作为功能单体,利用两者的协同作用成功制备了氨氯地平分子印迹聚合物。通过优化DESs和POSS的比例,对S-AML的吸附量达到12.8μg/mg,以及印迹因子为6.95。并分别使用Langmuir模型和Freundlich模型对吸附等温线进行拟合,发现MIP的吸附过程更符合Langmuir模型。评价了MIP对血浆加标样品的固相萃取性能,对S-AML的最高回收率可达92.9%。实验结果表明,DESs和POSS的联合使用提高了印迹聚合物对S-AML的选择性和吸附性能。

一种三维Poisson-Nernst-Planck方程的虚单元计算

利用虚单元方法在多面体网格上求解一种三维稳态Poisson-Nernst-Planck(PNP)方程,并给出PNP方程的虚单元离散形式,推导电势方程及离子浓度方程的刚度矩阵与荷载向量的矩阵表达式.数值实验结果表明,在3种不同的多面体网格下实现了PNP方程的虚单元计算,数值解在L^(2)和H^(1)范数下均达到最优阶.

本征抗原子氧聚酰亚胺超细纤维膜的制备与性能研究

为应对空间探索活动对本征抗原子氧聚酰亚胺超细纤维膜的需求,文章将Si元素与P元素引入到聚酰亚胺分子结构中,采用静电纺丝技术制备了本征抗原子氧聚酰亚胺超细纤维膜。系统研究了Si元素与P元素的引入对超细纤维的化学结构、微观形貌、光学性能、热性能以及抗原子氧侵蚀性能的影响。结果表明:分子结构中引入Si元素和P元素的聚酰亚胺超细纤维膜表面光滑,微观结构呈现连续的纤维状;玻璃化转变温度(T_(g))大于290℃,450℃以下时均表现出良好的热稳定性;且由于引入了Si元素和P元素,在经积分通量为2.0×10^(21) atom/cm^(2)的原子氧辐照后,聚酰亚胺超细纤维膜的原子氧侵蚀速率与Kapton®相比降低了1个数量级。

POSS基两亲性嵌段共聚物的合成及自组装行为

用不同结构三乙氧基硅烷为原料,通过水解缩合和环氧化的方法合成了环氧基苯基低聚笼型倍半硅氧烷,再利用胺基和环氧开环反应与聚醚胺反应合成POSS基嵌段共聚物(PEA-POSS),最后将苯基结构羧酸化合成两亲性嵌段共聚物(PEA-POSS-COOH)。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)表征了PEA-POSS-COOH的化学结构。采用溶剂挥发诱导法促使PEA-POSS-COOH自组装,形成以疏水POSS为核、亲水PEA链为壳的球形胶束。利用扫面电子显微镜(SEM)、能量分散型X射线光谱(EDS)、动态激光光散射(DLS)、小角X射线散射仪(XRD)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)表征了组装体的形貌与结构性能。结果表明,POSS基两亲性嵌段聚合物可组装成粒径约1.14μm的球形胶束,且POSS结构中的π-π堆叠作用使得球形胶束具有较为稳定结构,熔点提高。

基于数据驱动多面体集合的交直流混合配电网鲁棒调度方法

针对现有配电网鲁棒调度方法缺乏对不确定参数相关性问题的考虑,提出了一种基于数据驱动多面体集合的交直流混合配电网鲁棒调度方法。首先,构建分布式光伏出力的传统多面体集合,利用历史数据驱动形成了相关性包络图,通过弯曲多面体集合边界,建立了相关性多面体集合模型。然后,在此基础上,针对相关性多面体集合存在鲁棒性差和保守性大的问题,建立了数据驱动的多面体集合模型。进一步,建立了基于数据驱动多面体集合的交直流混合配电网鲁棒调度模型,并采用列与约束生成(column and constraint generation,CCG)算法对鲁棒调度模型进行求解。最后,改进的IEEE33节点系统仿真结果表明,基于数据驱动多面体集合的交直流混合配电网鲁棒调度方法可以减少优化结果的保守性,提高其鲁棒性,证明了所提出方法的有效性。