Effects of Different Application Methods and Application Rates of Biological Nano-Selenium on the Quality of Passion Fruit

[Objectives]To study the effects of different application methods and application rates of biological nano-selenium on the quality of passion fruit.[Methods]In this experiment,passion fruit Tainong 1 was sprayed with biological nano-selenium.The concentration of spraying refers to the recommended application rate of biological nano-selenium manufacturers.Three treatments with different concentrations were carried out:3,4.5 and 6 L/ha biological nano-selenium was sprayed on 100%root,(50%root+50%leaf surface)and 100%leaf surface of passion fruit,respectively.[Results]From the aspects of economic cost and rational utilization of resources,spraying 3 L/ha selenium fertilizer on the leaves of passion fruit played the best role in improving the quality of passion fruit.[Conclusions]To study the selenium-rich production technology of agricultural products and improve the quality of agricultural products is of great significance for improving human health and producing high-quality agricultural products.

Effect of nano-selenium loaded with lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the proliferation of lens epithelial cells after UVB damage in vitro

AIM:To investigate the effect of nano-selenium loaded with different concentrations of lycium barbarum polysaccharide(LBP-Se NPs)on the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)from UV irradiation.METHODS:LBP-Se NPs were prepared and their particle size was detected.HLECs(SRA01/04)were irradiated with UVB for different time(0,10,20,30,40,50,60 min)to construct a damaged model,the survival rate of cells was determined by methylthiazol tetrazolium(MTT)assay.The 4’,6-Diamidine-2’-phenylindole dihydrochloride(DAPI)staining was used to observe the status of cell nucleus and drug entering cytoplasm through cell membrane in SRA01/04 cells after adding LBP-SENPS loaded with coumarin fluorescence agent 24 h under fluorescence microscope.SRA01/04 normal and UVB-damaged cells were treated with different amounts of LBP-Se NPs at different concentrations,cells proliferation were observed.RESULTS:The particle size of LBP-Se NPs was stable in the range of 150-200 nm.The survival rate changes with time after UVB irradiation were statistically significant.The 10 min of UVB exposure as the time was chosen to construct the cell damage model.With DAPI staining,LBPSe NPs were observed to enter the cytoplasm through the cell membrane under fluorescence inverted microscope.Cytotoxicity of SRA01/04 at different concentrations of LBPSe NPs were measured.Cell survival rate was statistically different compared with the control group.The higher the loading concentration of LBP in nano-Se drugs was,the higher the cell proliferation rate was(P<0.05).The lower the concentration of LBP-Se NPs,the higher the cell proliferation rate,showing a negative growth trend(P<0.05).The group with the highest average cell proliferation rate was 0.5μmol/L 2.0 mg/m L LBP-Se NPs(128.80%).When the 2.0 mg/m L LBP-Se NPs group was selected for cell photography,the cell density was higher at 0.5μmol/L.With the increase of concentration,SRA01/04 cells appeared more cytoplasm dehydration,cell shrinkage and apoptotic bodies,and cell density decreased.CONCLUSION:LBP-Se NPs has moderate particle size and good stability.LBP-Se NPs can protect HLECs(SRA01/04)from UVB-induced damage,and the cell proliferation rate is further increased with increasing the amount of loaded LBP and decreasing nano-selenium concentration.

Evaluation and Exploration of Se-enriching Effects of Microbial Nano-selenium on Several Kinds of Vegetable

[Objectives] This study was carried out to explore the selenium-enriching effect of different crops, and provide certain references for production of selenium-enriched agricultural products. [Methods] Four kinds of crops （tomato, leaf mustard, peanut, and carrot） were exogenous selenium fertilizer treated, to explore the selenium-enriching effects on these crops. [Results] Exogenous application of microbial nano-selenium can significantly increase the selenium content of the crops, of which the effects on big tomato （Weiyanuo） were the best. After spraying, the selenium content increased by 1.39 times, and at the same time the sugar content of tomato was also increased. [Conclusions] This study is expected to provide references for increase of the selenium content of agricultural products.

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nano-Selenium against Cypermethrin-Induced Liver Toxicity

Cypermethrin (Cym) is a synthetic class II pyrethroid that is widely used and has a big risk to health. Cypermethrin produces oxidative stress and enhances inflammatory damage of liver. The present study was designed to investigate the ameliorating effects of NSe against Cym-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. For this purpose, twenty four male rats were divided into three groups. Group (I) was gavaged with Cym (control group), group (II) gavaged daily with Cym (1 mg/kg body weight), and group (III) gavaged with Cym + NSe (2.5 mg kg body weight/day, three times a week) for 21 days. Cypermethrin increased serum liver enzymes, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Administration of NSe significantly reduced the increased serum liver enzymes and inflammatory parameters and restored the antioxidant capacity in liver. Our results suggest that Nse exhibits promising hepato-protective effects against Cym-induced oxidative damage and inflammation.

微生物纳米硒在农业种养中的初步应用

为研究微生物纳米硒在富硒农业领域的应用潜力,将其分别应用在苹果种植和蛋鸡养殖中。结果发现,微生物纳米硒能够提高果树根区土壤中氮、磷、钾元素的有效性,可显著提高果实中可溶性固形物、总糖、总酸的含量,且果实中硒含量可达17~36μg/kg。同时发现蛋鸡日粮中添加微生物纳米硒能够显著增加鸡蛋的平均单重和硒含量,最大平均单重为61.8±0.3 g,鸡蛋中的硒含量为330±40μg/kg。研究结果为微生物纳米硒在农业种养中的应用提供了基础数据。

基于骨骼肌氧化应激作用探讨纳米硒提高小鼠运动耐力

以灵芝多糖(GLP)为分散剂,采用亚硒酸钠-抗坏血酸氧化还原法制备多糖纳米硒复合物(SeNPs),对SeNPs进行结构表征并探讨其对小鼠运动耐力的作用。结果表明:SeNPs颗粒大小67.25 nm,PDI为0.31,Zeta电位-66.72 mV;SeNPs和GLP红外光谱图高度相似,未发现新特征吸收峰,SeNPs重均分子量、数均分子量分别为7821.84 Da、6375.19 Da;SeNPs的最大热失重温度330℃,质量损失42.65%。与空白对照组相比,SeNPs低、中、高剂量组小鼠力竭游泳时间分别提高了12.69%、24.77%、37.84%;与运动模型组相比,SeNPs低、中、高剂量组小鼠血清肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶活性和骨骼肌丙二醛含量均显著降低,抗氧化酶活性则显著升高,且上调了Nrf2和HO-1的蛋白表达。综上可知,SeNPs具有激活骨骼肌Nrf2信号通路,降低骨骼肌氧化应激水平的作用,进而提高小鼠运动耐力。

硒的生理功能及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展

硒是动物机体必需的微量元素之一,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、防癌、免疫调节等功能。目前,硒在动物生产上的研究日益深入,但其对动物机体的具体调控机制还未被完全阐明。因此,笔者对硒的来源、摄入量、生理功能及在动物生产中的应用进行综述,为硒在动物生产上的进一步研究应用提供参考。

多糖纳米硒制备和生物活性研究进展

多糖纳米硒(Polysaccharide nano-selenium,Polysaccharide-SeNPs)具有独特的性质和生物学功能,在医学、食品和制药等研究领域具有无限的潜力和应用前景。本文主要从多糖、纳米硒和多糖纳米硒的结构和性质出发,阐述多糖与纳米硒二者之间的互补组合关系,纳米硒借助多糖分支结构中的羟基在其表面形成氢键或Se-O键,以达到分散和稳定的作用。本文对多糖纳米硒制备条件、方法及优化方式进行总结。目前,常用化学合成法制备多糖纳米硒,利用超声波、真空、高压或酶等辅助技术提高其产率或生物学活性。其次,归纳了近5年在国际上已发表具有代表性生物学作用的多糖纳米硒。本文着重论述多糖纳米硒在医学、食品、药品及保健品等相关研究领域的应用和进展。多糖纳米硒的研究为中药多糖及中医药学等领域拓宽了新的思路,为进一步探索新兴且具备高效生物学作用“硒”形貌提供了有利的参考依据。

连翘多糖纳米硒的制备及体外抗氧化和降血糖能力

利用水提醇沉法从连翘中提取了连翘多糖(FP),经硝酸-亚硒酸钠法制备了连翘多糖纳米硒(FP-SeNPs),采用UV-Vis、FTIR、XRD和SEM对其进行了表征。采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(·DPPH)、羟基自由基(·OH)、2,2-联氮-双(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐自由基(·ABTS^(+))清除实验考察了FP-SeNPs的体外抗氧化能力。采用α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制实验考察了FP-SeNPs的体外降血糖能力。结果表明,FP-SeNPs中硒含量为908 mg/kg,其形成了颗粒状分布的表面结构,改变了多糖的表面形态,但未破坏多糖的基本结构。FP-SeNPs的UV-Vis吸收光谱在270 nm处出现新峰,其XRD谱图在2θ=20°~30°内出现一个弥散峰,表明FP和SeNPs之间存在相互作用,形成了FP-SeNPs复合物。FP-SeNPs对·DPPH、·OH和·ABTS^(+)的清除能力和对α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性抑制能力均呈浓度依赖性,质量浓度为1.6 g/L的FP-SeNPs溶液对·DPPH、·OH和·ABTS^(+)的清除率分别为91.98%、56.81%和87.44%,对α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性抑制率分别为55.61%和72.73%,显著高于FP的自由基清除能力和酶活性抑制能力(P<0.05)。

纳米硒饲料添加剂在盐碱胁迫抗性提升中的应用前景

我国“三北”内陆地区拥有大量的盐碱湖泊、地下咸水和盐碱沼泽等水资源,由于水体具有高盐度、高碳酸盐碱度、高硬度和离子组成复杂等特点,在渔业生产开发利用中存在苗种成活率低、生长缓慢、饲料成本高、经济效益差等问题,严重限制了盐碱水渔业的快速发展。硒(Se)是水生动物必需的微量元素之一,在提高机体免疫和抗逆性等方面的功效显著,有利于缓解盐碱胁迫等非生物胁迫对机体产生的氧化损伤。文章分析了我国盐碱水域渔业开发所面临的难题,纳米硒在清除自由基、提高抗氧化和免疫水平的优势。在盐碱水渔业生产中,纳米硒将有可能作为功能性饲料添加剂,提高鱼类的生产性能和耐盐碱性。

叶面喷施纳米硒对夏茶硒含量及品质的影响

本试验以茶树品种白叶1号为试材,研究叶面喷施不同浓度纳米硒对夏季茶树叶片总硒含量、有机硒含量及所制绿茶品质的影响。结果表明:(1)茶树叶片总硒和有机硒含量随喷施硒浓度增加而逐渐升高,不同硒浓度处理茶树叶片的硒含量随采摘时间的延长呈降低趋势,10.0 g/L纳米硒喷施处理后7 d采摘,其叶片总硒和有机硒含量最高,分别为0.763、0.609 mg/kg;(2)不同浓度纳米硒处理茶树叶片的硒形态均以有机硒为主,占总硒含量的比例在69.0%~80.8%之间;(3)喷施一定浓度的纳米硒,能够提高夏制绿茶感官品质,显著降低茶叶中的花青素和茶多酚含量,提高游离氨基酸含量,降低酚氨比,其中10.0 g/L纳米硒处理酚氨比最低,为4.47。综上认为,叶面喷施一定浓度的纳米硒可以显著提高茶树叶片的硒含量,提高夏制绿茶品质,其中叶面喷施5.0~10.0 g/L纳米硒并在喷施后7~14 d采摘,叶片富硒效果显著,可用其生产达到国家规定富硒水平的绿茶。

纳米硒对甜菜叶片转录组的影响

为揭示喷施外源硒对甜菜响应的分子机制,采用糖甜菜品系HD802种子作为供试材料进行水培试验,纳米硒浓度分别设置为0(喷施清水,对照),20,50,80,100,150,200 mg/L,待真叶长至8片叶时均匀地喷施纳米硒溶液,24 h后取样进行超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量测定。经数据分析,选取50,150 mg/L的纳米硒处理叶片送检,进行转录组测定,分析差异表达基因和显著富集通路。结果表明,纳米硒50 mg/L处理对甜菜叶片生长具有促进作用,而150 mg/L处理对甜菜叶片具有破坏效果。鉴定出9 161个DEGs,其中,上调表达3 717个、下调表达5 444个;GO功能富集主要富集在信号转导、细胞通讯、膜的组成部分、膜的固有成分、初级代谢过程、有机物代谢过程和生物过程等;KEGG代谢途径主要包括植物病原互作、植物激素信号转导等途径;转录因子分析共涉及AP2、zf-Dof、HLH、WRKY、HSF_DNA-bind、NAM、zf-BED、Homeobox等11个家族。研究找到了硒处理对甜菜幼苗生长发育有促进作用的适宜浓度,初步筛选出甜菜外源硒响应的相关基因。

Nano-selenium alleviates cadmium-induced cerebellar injury by activating metal regulatory transcription factor 1 mediated metal response

This study aims to investigate the role of metal regulatory transcription factor 1(MTF1)-mediated metal response in cadmium(Cd)-induced cerebellar injury,and to evaluate the antagonistic effects of nanoselenium(Nano-Se)against Cd toxicity.A total of 80 chicks(1 d old,male,Hy-Line Variety White)were randomly allocated to 4 treatment groups for 3 months:the control group(fed with a basic diet,n=20),the Nano-Se group(basic diet with 1 mg/kg nano-Se 1 mg/kg Nano-Se in basic diet,n=20),the NanoSe+Cd group(basic diet with 1 mg/kg Nano-Se and 140 mg/kg Cd Cl_(2),n=20)and the Cd group(basic diet with 140 mg/kg Cd Cl_(2),n=20).The results of the experiment showed that the Purkinje cells were significantly decreased with their degradation and indistinct nucleoli after Cd exposure.Moreover,exposure to Cd caused a significant accumulation of Cd and cupper.However,the contents of Se,iron,and zinc were decreased,thereby disturbing the metal homeostasis in the cerebellum.The Cd exposure also resulted in high levels of malondialdehyde(MDA)and down regulation of selenoprotein transcriptome.Furthermore,the expressions of MTF1,metallothionein 1(MT1),MT2,zinc transporter 3(ZNT3),ZNT5,ZNT10,zrt,irt-like protein 8(ZIP8),ZIP10,transferrin(TF),ferroportin 1(FPN1),ATPase copper transporting beta(ATP7B),and copper uptake protein 1(CTR1)were inhibited by Cd exposure.However,all these changes were significantly alleviated by the supplementation of Nano-Se.This study proved that Cd could disorder metal homeostasis and induce oxidative stress,whereas Nano-Se could relieve all these negative effects caused by Cd via activating the MTF1-mediated metal response in the cerebellum of chicken.

Effects of low and high levels of nano-selenium on intestinal microbiota of Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)

Nano-selenium(Se)has attracted growing attention due to its high bioavailability,low toxicity and its possible applications in the prevention of oxidative damage in animal tissues.Recent research works have conveyed that the use of nano-seleniumas food additive could have positive effects on the nutrition of aquatic animals.In this study,the intestinal bacterial communities associated with low and high concentrations of nano-selenium in the diet of Chinese tongue sole were characterized,through 16S rRNA V3–V4 sequencing.Samples were derived from fish fed with diet containing different nano-selenium level,0 mg/kg for the control group,1.6 mg/kg for low dose group,and 2.4 mg/kg for high dose group The intestinal microbial community structure showed a low overall diversity,among which the vibro genus occupied the most important position with more than 90%relative abundance in all three group.Significant differences in specie diversity occurred between the nanoselenium treated(both low dose[IL]and high dose[LH])groups and the control group(IC).Acinetobacter,Arthrobacter,and Streptophytes were the top three enriched genera after the treatment with nano-selenium compared to IC.Meantime,the weight gain rate of the LH group was 9%higher than control.The results revealed the effect of nano-selenium on microbial community structure of gut and growth performance of C.semilaevis,Future research exploring the interaction mechanism between micronutrients and the microbial communities would increase our understanding of the fish nutrition.

鲍鱼内脏多糖-蛋白质复合硒纳米颗粒对AML12细胞酒精性损伤的影响

目的:探讨鲍鱼内脏多糖-蛋白质复合硒纳米颗粒(Abalone Visceral Polysaccharide-protein Complex Selenium Nanoparticles,PSP-SeNPs)对AML12细胞酒精性损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法:本研究用不同浓度(0.1、0.2、0.3和0.4μg/mL)PSP-SeNPs对AML12细胞进行干预24 h,再换为酒精浓度300 mmol/L的完全培养基处理24 h,诱导建立酒精性损伤细胞模型。通过Hoechst染色法判断各组细胞损伤的情况,之后测定细胞氧化应激的相关生化指标,最后通过qRT-PCR法测定细胞内氧化应激相关基因的表达。结果:与正常对照组相比,酒精造模组细胞内的谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活性显著性降低(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)和活性氧(ROS)的水平显著升高(P<0.05)。这些变化在PSP-SeNPs的干预下发生显著逆转(P<0.05)。qRT-PCR结果表明,与对照组相比,酒精处理可显著降低AML12细胞中核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、超氧化物歧化酶2(SOD2)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱氨酸连接酶调节亚基(GCLM)的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05),提高Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Keap1)的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05),并且PSP-SeNPs干预可显著逆转以上改变(P<0.05)。结论:PSPSeNPs可通过调节氧化应激相关基因的表达水平,从而调控抗氧化酶活性来缓解由酒精诱导的AML12细胞酒精性损伤。

纳米硒在植物营养获取和抵抗胁迫中的应用研究进展

硒(Se)是人类、动物和微生物健康所必需的微量元素。近年来,纳米硒(SeNPs)因优异的生物相容性、生物利用度和低毒性等特性而成为研究热点。SeNPs被广泛应用于增强作物光合能力、抗氧化性和营养获取,以及减少植物遭受的重金属毒害和胁迫损伤等农业领域。在纳米技术、可持续农业和环境问题研究日益重要背景下,对SeNPs可能改变植物生长、发育和新陈代谢的研究将会不断增加。本文对比了SeNPs的三种合成方法、合成过程及其在植物体内的转运方式;综述了SeNPs在提升植物营养获取及产量和品质方面的作用;重点描述了SeNPs施用在植物抵抗生物胁迫和非生物胁迫中的优势;并对影响SeNPs作用效果的因素进行分析,以及对未来发展的趋势进行讨论,旨在为作物抗逆分子机制解析及其育种提供新的思路和方法。

纳米硒对AA肉鸡生长性能和肉品质的影响

试验旨在研究纳米硒对AA肉鸡生长性能和肉品质的影响。选取1日龄AA肉鸡480只,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组在基础饲粮中添加0.4 mg/kg亚硒酸钠,试验1组在基础饲粮中添加0.3 mg/kg纳米硒,试验2组在基础饲粮中添加0.5 mg/kg纳米硒。试验期42 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,22~42日龄,试验1组和试验2组肉鸡平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),试验2组肉鸡料重比显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组肉色红度(a*值)显著提高(P<0.05),试验1组和试验2组胸肌剪切力显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组肉鸡胸肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著提高(P<0.05),试验1组和试验2组肉鸡胸肌总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05);试验2组肉鸡胸肌重组与合成蛋白(Nrf2)表达量显著降低(P<0.05),醌氧化还原酶1(NQO1)表达量显著增加(P<0.05);试验1和试验2组肉鸡胸肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1(GPX1)、血红素氧化酶-1(HO1)表达量显著增加(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲粮中添加纳米硒可以提高AA肉鸡肌肉的抗氧化能力,改善肉品质,其中添加0.5 mg/kg纳米硒的效果较好。

纳米硒及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展

硒是动物必需的微量元素之一,在机体内参与抗氧化、免疫、繁殖、肠道菌群调节等生物学过程。近年来,在不同来源的硒制剂中,纳米硒因其具有毒性低、生物利用度高、安全性好、抗氧化性强等优点而备受国内外动物营养研究者的关注,成为饲料添加剂研究领域的热点。综述了纳米硒的性质和特点、吸收代谢机制、生物学功能及其在不同动物生产中的应用研究进展,以期为纳米硒饲料添加剂的开发及其在动物生产中的科学应用提供参考。

生物合成纳米硒及应用研究进展

硒在维持人体生命活动中具有重要作用,生物合成纳米硒是采用环保、可持续方法制备纳米硒颗粒(SeNPs)。与传统合成方法相比较,绿色合成SeNPs在制备过程中避免了有毒、有害化学物质,显著降低了环境污染的风险,其相关产品的安全性得到了显著提高,使其在医学、食品等领域应用广泛。在未来,绿色合成SeNPs有望在医学、环保、能源、材料科学等领域发挥重要作用。因此,对SeNPs绿色合成方法进行综述,旨在对SeNPs的合成新方法起到指引作用。综述了近年来基于植物、植物蛋白类、菌类等合成SeNPs的研究进展。

基于硒强化因子赋型于食品载体的研究进展

硒元素在人体内含量较少,但作为人体内必需的微量元素之一,却起到了非常重要的作用。食物是人类获取硒元素的重要途径之一,其中因有机硒的安全剂量范围更广、生物利用率更高,适合作为食品的载体对人体进行硒元素补充。纳米硒可以通过与其他物质进行结合,形成具有抗炎症、预防肾病和抗癌等功效的纳米粒子。本文主要是针对硒强化因子在食品载体方面的应用进行研究归纳,以期为食品为载体进行硒元素强化提供理论基础和指导。