Nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat receptors (NBS-LRR/NLRs) are crucial intracellular immune proteins in plants. Previous article reported a novel NLR protein SUT1 (SUPPRESSORS OF TOPP4-1, 1), which is involv...Nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat receptors (NBS-LRR/NLRs) are crucial intracellular immune proteins in plants. Previous article reported a novel NLR protein SUT1 (SUPPRESSORS OF TOPP4-1, 1), which is involved in autoimmunity initiated by type one protein phosphatase 4 mutation (topp4-1) in Arabidopsis, however, its role in planta is still unclear. This study employed Nicotiana benthamiana, a model platform, to conduct an overall structural and functional analysis of SUT1 protein. The transient expression results revealed that SUT1 is a typical CNL (CC-NBS-LRR) receptor, both fluorescence data and biochemical results showed the protein is mainly anchored on the plasma membrane due to its N-terminal acylation site. Further truncation experiments announced that its CC (coiled-coil) domain possessed cell-death-inducing activity. The outcomes of point mutations analysis revealed that not only the CC domain, but also the full-length SUT1 protein, whose function and subcellular localization are influenced by highly conserved hydrophobic residues. These research outcomes provided favorable clues for elucidating the activation mechanism of SUT1.展开更多
全球气候变化加重了沿海地区的气候暴露度,基于自然的解决方案(NbS)理念的活体海岸线(living shoreline)展示了更具韧性、更环境友好的海岸保护路径,但其相关基本理论和全生命周期管理框架尚未得到系统梳理。查阅国外相关部门项目公报及...全球气候变化加重了沿海地区的气候暴露度,基于自然的解决方案(NbS)理念的活体海岸线(living shoreline)展示了更具韧性、更环境友好的海岸保护路径,但其相关基本理论和全生命周期管理框架尚未得到系统梳理。查阅国外相关部门项目公报及Web of Science数据库,梳理近10年活体海岸线的相关研究与实践,从活体海岸线的分析规划、构造设计、施工建造、监测评估4个阶段进行总结分析,并结合实践应用和中国国情,客观看待目前活体海岸线的研究局限性;将其与传统硬质工程护岸进行辨证性的比较和思考,提出完善全生命周期管理的框架建议,旨在为我国的海岸保护与生境修复工作提供参考。展开更多
Adhesion is an important process of particle-bubble interaction in fine particle(-10μm)flotation.This paper studied the adhesion process and mechanism between nanobubbles and fine cassiterite particles by using a hig...Adhesion is an important process of particle-bubble interaction in fine particle(-10μm)flotation.This paper studied the adhesion process and mechanism between nanobubbles and fine cassiterite particles by using a high-speed camera,atomic force microscope(AFM),adsorption capacity tests,and induction time tests.After being pretreated with nanobubbles(NBs)water,fine cassiterite particles flotation tests were carried out using caprylhydroxamic acid(CHA)as a collector.The results showed that NBs can improve the recovery and flotation rate of fine cassiterite while decreasing the collector dosage.The adsorption capacity test indicated that the cassiterite treated with NBs had lower demand for collector concentration.The AFM imaging results further demonstrate that NBs could reduce the adsorption of CHA on the surface of minerals.Since NBs played a part of the role of collector,it can improve the flotation effect while reducing the amount of collector.The induction time test and the high-speed camera observation test showed that NBs promoted the attachment between bubbles and cassiterite particles.On the other hand,NBs agglomerate cassiterite particles,increasing the probability of particles colliding with bubbles.展开更多
目的为解析党参NBS-LRR(Nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat)抗病基因家族,探究党参抗根腐病机制,从而解决党参根腐病害难题,促进党参育种及产业发展。方法基于党参响应根腐病病原菌的转录组数据,通过运用生物信息学方法...目的为解析党参NBS-LRR(Nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat)抗病基因家族,探究党参抗根腐病机制,从而解决党参根腐病害难题,促进党参育种及产业发展。方法基于党参响应根腐病病原菌的转录组数据,通过运用生物信息学方法对党参NBS-LRR家族基因进行理化性质、基因结构、系统发育、表达模式及互作网络分析。结果成功鉴定到88个党参NBS-LRR家族基因,包括N、NL、CN、CNL、TN、TNL、PN共7种类型,分别有50、14、1、14、4、3、2个基因。结果表明,党参CNL及TNL类基因结构比较保守;党参CNL亚家族基因在进化过程中发生扩增;党参NBS-LRR家族基因在尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)侵染条件下存在时间表达模式差异,且侵染前期(6-24 h)高表达的基因DN64786c1g6、DN64786c1g5、DN48234c0g2、DN54844c1g2、DN59747c0g3、DN56071c1g8、DN64591c1g1、DN48464c1g1、DN59886c0g1在调控党参抗病过程中发挥重要作用。其中党参的抗病蛋白DN54844c1g2可能与GLR家族互作,进而通过调节Ca2+内流参与免疫调控;DN64786c1g5可能与CYTC-1和CYTC-2互作,进而通过参与氧化还原反应参与党参响应根腐病过程;DN59747c0g3可能与MPK3互作,进而通过参与MAP信号级联、磷酸化WRKY转录因子以及参与超敏反应(HR),在党参响应根腐病过程中发挥重要作用。结论党参NBSLRR家族基因的鉴定及表达分析对于探究党参抗根腐病机制、发掘基因功能具有重要意义。展开更多
Natural gas hydrate is estimated to have huge reserves. Its exploitation can solve the global oil and gas shortage problem. Hydrates decompose into water and methane, and methane molecules are supersaturated to form n...Natural gas hydrate is estimated to have huge reserves. Its exploitation can solve the global oil and gas shortage problem. Hydrates decompose into water and methane, and methane molecules are supersaturated to form nanobubbles.Methane nanobubbles can affect the decomposition efficiency of hydrates. They can provide abundant methane sources for the re-nucleation of hydrates. Molecular dynamics is employed in this study to investigate the decomposition process of type I methane hydrate and the formation of methane nanobubbles generated during decomposition under different methane mole fraction, pressures, and temperatures. The results indicate that external pressure inhibits the diffusion of methane molecules, thereby preventing the formation of nanobubbles. A higher mole fraction of methane molecules in the system requires a higher external pressure to generate stable nanobubbles after the decomposition of the hydrate structure.At 330 K, it is easy to form a nanobubble structure. Results of this study can help provide ideas for the study of efficient extraction and secondary nucleation of hydrates.展开更多
Air nanobubbles(A-NBs)were used to inhibit the brass corrosion in circulating cooling water for the first time in the study.The results of mass loss method and electrochemical method showed that A-NBs had the obvious ...Air nanobubbles(A-NBs)were used to inhibit the brass corrosion in circulating cooling water for the first time in the study.The results of mass loss method and electrochemical method showed that A-NBs had the obvious corrosion inhibition effect.The inhibition rate reached 52%at 35℃.The impedance and surface characterization results of corrosion samples indicated that the corrosion inhibition mechanisms of A-NBs mainly included adsorption of corrosion ions,promoting the formation of the passivation film on metal surface and the formation of the bubble layer and scale film on metal surface.A-NBs are potential excellent corrosion inhibitors.展开更多
文摘Nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat receptors (NBS-LRR/NLRs) are crucial intracellular immune proteins in plants. Previous article reported a novel NLR protein SUT1 (SUPPRESSORS OF TOPP4-1, 1), which is involved in autoimmunity initiated by type one protein phosphatase 4 mutation (topp4-1) in Arabidopsis, however, its role in planta is still unclear. This study employed Nicotiana benthamiana, a model platform, to conduct an overall structural and functional analysis of SUT1 protein. The transient expression results revealed that SUT1 is a typical CNL (CC-NBS-LRR) receptor, both fluorescence data and biochemical results showed the protein is mainly anchored on the plasma membrane due to its N-terminal acylation site. Further truncation experiments announced that its CC (coiled-coil) domain possessed cell-death-inducing activity. The outcomes of point mutations analysis revealed that not only the CC domain, but also the full-length SUT1 protein, whose function and subcellular localization are influenced by highly conserved hydrophobic residues. These research outcomes provided favorable clues for elucidating the activation mechanism of SUT1.
文摘全球气候变化加重了沿海地区的气候暴露度,基于自然的解决方案(NbS)理念的活体海岸线(living shoreline)展示了更具韧性、更环境友好的海岸保护路径,但其相关基本理论和全生命周期管理框架尚未得到系统梳理。查阅国外相关部门项目公报及Web of Science数据库,梳理近10年活体海岸线的相关研究与实践,从活体海岸线的分析规划、构造设计、施工建造、监测评估4个阶段进行总结分析,并结合实践应用和中国国情,客观看待目前活体海岸线的研究局限性;将其与传统硬质工程护岸进行辨证性的比较和思考,提出完善全生命周期管理的框架建议,旨在为我国的海岸保护与生境修复工作提供参考。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2003129 and 51504175)China Scholarship Council(No.201706955031)。
文摘Adhesion is an important process of particle-bubble interaction in fine particle(-10μm)flotation.This paper studied the adhesion process and mechanism between nanobubbles and fine cassiterite particles by using a high-speed camera,atomic force microscope(AFM),adsorption capacity tests,and induction time tests.After being pretreated with nanobubbles(NBs)water,fine cassiterite particles flotation tests were carried out using caprylhydroxamic acid(CHA)as a collector.The results showed that NBs can improve the recovery and flotation rate of fine cassiterite while decreasing the collector dosage.The adsorption capacity test indicated that the cassiterite treated with NBs had lower demand for collector concentration.The AFM imaging results further demonstrate that NBs could reduce the adsorption of CHA on the surface of minerals.Since NBs played a part of the role of collector,it can improve the flotation effect while reducing the amount of collector.The induction time test and the high-speed camera observation test showed that NBs promoted the attachment between bubbles and cassiterite particles.On the other hand,NBs agglomerate cassiterite particles,increasing the probability of particles colliding with bubbles.
文摘目的为解析党参NBS-LRR(Nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat)抗病基因家族,探究党参抗根腐病机制,从而解决党参根腐病害难题,促进党参育种及产业发展。方法基于党参响应根腐病病原菌的转录组数据,通过运用生物信息学方法对党参NBS-LRR家族基因进行理化性质、基因结构、系统发育、表达模式及互作网络分析。结果成功鉴定到88个党参NBS-LRR家族基因,包括N、NL、CN、CNL、TN、TNL、PN共7种类型,分别有50、14、1、14、4、3、2个基因。结果表明,党参CNL及TNL类基因结构比较保守;党参CNL亚家族基因在进化过程中发生扩增;党参NBS-LRR家族基因在尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)侵染条件下存在时间表达模式差异,且侵染前期(6-24 h)高表达的基因DN64786c1g6、DN64786c1g5、DN48234c0g2、DN54844c1g2、DN59747c0g3、DN56071c1g8、DN64591c1g1、DN48464c1g1、DN59886c0g1在调控党参抗病过程中发挥重要作用。其中党参的抗病蛋白DN54844c1g2可能与GLR家族互作,进而通过调节Ca2+内流参与免疫调控;DN64786c1g5可能与CYTC-1和CYTC-2互作,进而通过参与氧化还原反应参与党参响应根腐病过程;DN59747c0g3可能与MPK3互作,进而通过参与MAP信号级联、磷酸化WRKY转录因子以及参与超敏反应(HR),在党参响应根腐病过程中发挥重要作用。结论党参NBSLRR家族基因的鉴定及表达分析对于探究党参抗根腐病机制、发掘基因功能具有重要意义。
基金supported by the specific research fund of the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province of China and the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 519MS025)。
文摘Natural gas hydrate is estimated to have huge reserves. Its exploitation can solve the global oil and gas shortage problem. Hydrates decompose into water and methane, and methane molecules are supersaturated to form nanobubbles.Methane nanobubbles can affect the decomposition efficiency of hydrates. They can provide abundant methane sources for the re-nucleation of hydrates. Molecular dynamics is employed in this study to investigate the decomposition process of type I methane hydrate and the formation of methane nanobubbles generated during decomposition under different methane mole fraction, pressures, and temperatures. The results indicate that external pressure inhibits the diffusion of methane molecules, thereby preventing the formation of nanobubbles. A higher mole fraction of methane molecules in the system requires a higher external pressure to generate stable nanobubbles after the decomposition of the hydrate structure.At 330 K, it is easy to form a nanobubble structure. Results of this study can help provide ideas for the study of efficient extraction and secondary nucleation of hydrates.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52170074).
文摘Air nanobubbles(A-NBs)were used to inhibit the brass corrosion in circulating cooling water for the first time in the study.The results of mass loss method and electrochemical method showed that A-NBs had the obvious corrosion inhibition effect.The inhibition rate reached 52%at 35℃.The impedance and surface characterization results of corrosion samples indicated that the corrosion inhibition mechanisms of A-NBs mainly included adsorption of corrosion ions,promoting the formation of the passivation film on metal surface and the formation of the bubble layer and scale film on metal surface.A-NBs are potential excellent corrosion inhibitors.
