Weekly intravenous nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel for elderly patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer:a series of 20 cases

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel as a rescue regimen in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 20 patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer. The patients had progressive disease after standard antitumor therapy and subsequently received intravenous albumin-bound paclitaxel at the dose of 100 mg/m2 in weekly schedule. Cumulative findings showed that the overall response rate was 30.0%, the disease control rate amounted to 40%, and the 1 year survival rate was 30%. In addition, the median time to progression and the median survival time reached 5 and 10 months, respectively. Meanwhile, no severe hypersensitivity reactions and grade 4 adverse effects were reported. In summary, weekly-administered albumin-bound paclitaxel seems to be an effective and safe regimen for elderly patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer who were refractory to conventional therapy.

Hemorrhagic cystitis in gastric cancer after nanoparticle albuminbound paclitaxel:A case report

BACKGROUND The advanced first-line regimen for advanced gastric cancer is based on a combination of fluoropyrimidine and platinum and/or paclitaxel(PTX),forming a two-or three-drug regimen.Compared to conventional PTX,nanoparticle albumin-bound PTX(Nab-PTX)has better therapeutic effects and fewer adverse effects reported in studies.Nab-PTX is a great option for patients presenting with advanced gastric cancer.Herein,we highlight an adverse event(hemorrhagic cystitis)of Nab-PTX in advanced gastric cancer.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old male was diagnosed with lymph node metastasis after a laparo-scopic-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer that was treated by Nab-PTX and S-1(AS).On the 15th day after treatment with AS,he was diagnosed with hemorrhagic cystitis.CONCLUSION Physicians should be aware that hemorrhagic cystitis is a potential adverse event associated with Nab-PTX treatment.

Paclitaxel and curcumin co-bound albumin nanoparticles having antitumor potential to pancreatic cancer

Albumin nanoparticles are considered to be an effective way to load water-insoluble anticancer drugs and target tumors via the gp60-mediated pathway. Herein, we fabricated an albumin nanoparticle formulation for co-loading paclitaxel(PTX) and curcumin(CCM), both of which have prominent anticancer efficacy, via nanoparticle albumin-bound(NabTM) technology using high-pressure homogenization. The PTX/CCM co-bound albumin nanoparticles(PTX/CCM Alb-NPs) had a slightly greater particle size of ~250 nm than that of plain PTX AlbNPs and CCM Alb-NPs(~234 and ~134 nm, respectively), with spherical surface morphology and stable size maintenance. However, the zeta potential of PTX/CCM Alb-NPs(ca.-30 mV)was not significantly different from that of PTX or CCM Alb-NPs. The loaded PTX and CCM were released gradually from the PTX/CCM Alb-NPs over ~24 h(97.7 ± 1.7% and 76.2 ± 0.5%,respectively). Furthermore, PTX/CCM Alb-NPs appeared to be efficiently internalized into Mia Paca-2 cells and exhibited a 71% increased IC50 versus PTX Alb-NPs in terms of cytotoxicity to Mia Paca-2 cells. These results suggest that PTX/CCM Alb-NPs are a new potential anticancer agent for combination therapy.

Design and preparation of a new multi-targeted drug delivery system using multifunctional nanoparticles for co-delivery of siRNA and paclitaxel

Drug resistance is a great challenge in cancer therapy using chemotherapeutic agents. Administration of these drugs with siRNA is an efficacious strategy in this battle. Here, the present study tried to incorporate siRNA and paclitaxel(PTX) simultaneously into a novel nanocarrier. The selectivity of carrier to target cancer tissues was optimized through conjugation of folic acid(FA) and glucose(Glu) onto its surface. The structure of nanocarrier was formed from ternary magnetic copolymers based on FeCopolyethyleneimine(FeCo-PEI) nanoparticles and polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol(PLA-PEG) gene delivery system. Biocompatibility of FeCo-PEI-PLA-PEG-FA(NPsA), FeCo-PEI-PLA-PEG-Glu(NPsB) and FeCo-PEI-PLA-PEG-FA/Glu(NPsAB) nanoparticles and also influence of PTX-loaded nanoparticles on in vitro cytotoxicity were examined using MTT assay. Besides, siRNA-FAM internalization was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed the blank nanoparticles were significantly less cytotoxic at various concentrations. Meanwhile, siRNA-FAM/PTX encapsulated nanoparticles exhibited significant anticancer activity against MCF-7 and BT-474 cell lines. NPsAB/siRNA/PTX nanoparticles showed greater effects on MCF-7 and BT-474 cells viability than NPsA/siRNA/PTX and NPsB/siRNA/PTX.Also, they induced significantly higher anticancer effects on cancer cells compared with NPsA/siRNA/PTX and NPsB/siRNA/PTX due to their multi-targeted properties using FA and Glu. We concluded that NPsAB nanoparticles have a great potential for co-delivery of both drugs and genes for use in gene therapy and chemotherapy.

Nucleobase-crosslinked poly(2-oxazoline) nanoparticles as paclitaxel carriers with enhanced stability and ultra-high drug loading capacity for breast cancer therapy

Poly(2-oxazoline)(POx)has been regarded as a potential candidate for drug delivery carrier to meet the challenges of nanomedicine clinical translation,due to its excellent biocompatibility and self-assembly properties.The drug loading capacity and stability of amphiphilic POxs as drug nanocarriers,however,tend to be insufficient.Herein,we report a strategy to prepare nucleobase-crosslinked POx nanoparticles(NPs)with enhanced stability and ultra-high paclitaxel(PTX)loading capacity for breast cancer therapy.An amphiphilic amine-functionalized POx(PMBEOx-NH_(2))was firstly prepared through a click reaction between cysteamines and vinyl groups in poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-block-poly(2–butyl–2-oxazoline-co-2-butenyl-2-oxazoline)(PMBEOx).Complementary nucleobase-pairs adenine(A)and uracil(U)were subsequently conjugated to PMBEOx-NH2 to give functional POxs(POxA and POxU),respectively.Due to the nucleobase interactions formed between A and U,NPs formed by POxA and POxU at a molar ratio of 1:1 displayed ultrahigh PTX loading capacity(38.2%,PTX/POxA@U),excellent stability,and reduced particle size compared to the uncross-linked PTX-loaded NPs(PTX/PMBEOx).Besides the prolonged blood circulation and enhanced tumor accumulation,the smaller PTX/POxA@U NPs also have better tumor penetration ability compared with PTX/PMBEOx,thus leading to a higher tumor suppression rate in two murine breast cancer models(E0711 and 4T1).These results proved that the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs could be improved remarkably through a reasonable optimization of nanocarriers.

Evaluation of atherosclerotic lesions in cholesterol-fed mice during treatment with paclitaxel in lipid nanoparticles： a magnetic resonance imaging study

Cholesterol-core nanoparticles （LDE） have been shown to be recognized by low-density lipoprotein receptors （LDLR） after administration; therefore, LDE is an ideal vehicle to deliver drug with targeting property. Paclitaxel, when incorporated into LDE, promotes atherosclerosis regression with reduced drug toxicity in rabbits through LDLR. Here, we tested whether LDE-paclitaxel could still be effective in reducing diet-induced atherosclerosis in a mouse model without LDLR. Nineteen LDLR knockout male mice were fed 1% cholesterol for 12 weeks. Then, 12 animals received 4-weekly intraperitoneal LDE-paclitaxel （4 mg/kg） while 7 controls received saline solution. On week 12 and 16, in vivo MR/of the aortic roots was performed. Aorta macroscopy was made after euthanasia. Reduction ofatherosclerotic lesions was observed. LDE-paclitaxel treatment resulted in reduction of wall area （14%） and stenosis （22%） by MR/and 33% by macroscopy. Thus, LDE-paclitaxel may produce pharmacological effects through LDE uptake by mechanisms other than LDLR.

Weekly albumin-bound paclitaxel/cisplatin versus gemcitabine/cisplatin as first-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:A phase II open-label clinical study

Objective: The aim of this trial was to compare both the efficacy and the safety of a weekly nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel(nab-paclitaxel) plus cisplatin vs. gemcitabine plus cisplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods: A total of 84 participants received either 100 mg/m^2 nab-paclitaxel each week on d 1, 8 and 15 of a 28 day cycle, as well as cisplatin 75 mg/m^2 on d 1 every three weeks(nab-TP arm); or gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m^2 on d 1 and 8, plus cisplatin 75 mg/m^2 on d 1 every three weeks(GP arm). The primary end point was progression-free survival(PFS). The secondary end points were overall response rate(ORR) and overall survival(OS).Results: According to our analysis, the median PFS was 4.8 months for the nab-TP arm vs. 5.2 months for the GP arm(P=0.55). Analysis showed the median OS was 14.6 months for participants who were in the nab-TP arm vs. 15.1 months for those in the GP arm(P=0.94). Besides, nab-TP showed OS advantages over GP in patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation(26.7 vs. 15.3 months, P=0.046) and patients with a performance status of 0(23.5 vs. 14.7 months, P=0.020). It was found that incidences of drug-related grade 3 or 4 toxicities were comparable between the two treatment arms.Conclusions: Therefore, it can be seen that weekly nab-TP treatment has a similar efficacy and tolerability to GP treatment for patients who are undergoing their first-line treatment for NSCLC. It could be that survival differences among platinum doublets in the context of both EGFR mutation and performance status have the potential to be the basis for our further clinical trials.

Efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel in treating recurrent advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Objective： To observe the efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel （ABP） monotherapy in treating recurrent advanced non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： We retrospectively analyzed the short-term efficacy and toxicities of ABP monotherapy in treating 21 patients who had previously undergone multiple cycles of therapy for their advanced NSCLC in our hospital since 2010. The treatment-related survival was also analyzed. Results： Of these 21 patients, the best overall response was partial response （PR） in 6 patients （28.6%）, stable disease （SD） in I0 patients （47.6%）, and progressive disease （PD） in 5 patients （23.8%）. The overall response rate （ORR） was 28.6% and the disease control rate （DCR） （PR ＋ SD） was 76.2%. The median progression-flee survival （PFS） was 4.0 months （95% CI, 5.0-7.0 months）. The main grade 3/4 toxicities included neutropenia （11.1%）, peripheral nerve toxicity （5.6%）, muscle and joint aches （5.6%）, and fatigue （5.6%）. Conclusions： The ABP monotherapy can achieve good objective response in advanced NSCLC patients who have previously received multiple cycles of treatment and be well tolerated.

Albumin-bound paclitaxel as new treatment for metastatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinomas are rare and very aggressive tumors.Most patients have advanced-stage or unresectable disease at presentation,and the systemic therapies have limited efficacy.Albumin-bound paclitaxel(nab-paclitaxel)is a solvent-free taxane that has been approved for the treatment of some cancers such as breast,non-small cell lung and pancreatic cancer,however it has not been applied to treat cholangiocarcinoma.We have both preclinical and clinical evidence of the efficacy of nab-paclitaxel in cholangiocarcinoma,yet no phase 3 trials have been made.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old man was diagnosed in December 2016 with stage III B intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Surgery was performed,followed by adjuvant chemotherapy treatment with capecitabine and gemcitabine;although,the gemcitabine was suspended due to allergic reaction after two cycles.In April 2019,metastatic cholangiocarcinoma relapse was diagnosed,and a first-line treatment with FOLFOX scheme was started.Eight cycles were administered,producing an initial clinical improvement and decrease in blood tumor marker levels.Radiological and serological progression was noted in September 2019.As a second-line treatment,FOLFIRI was not recommended due to risk of worsening the patient’s tumor-related diarrhea.A combination therapy with gemcitabine was not feasible,as the patient had previously suffered from an allergic reaction to this treatment.We decided to use nab-paclitaxel as a second-line treatment,and four cycles were administered.Both clinical and serological responses were observed,and a radiological mixed response was also noted.CONCLUSION Advanced cholangiocarcinoma could be treated with nab-paclitaxel monotherapy,which should be studied in combination with other types of treatment(chemotherapy,fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors).

Short-term outcomes of albumin-bound paclitaxel (abraxane)-containing chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: a report of 14 cases

Objective： Albumin-bound paclitaxel （abraxane, ABX） has more favorable efficacy and less toxicity than conventional taxanes. However, the data of ABX in advanced gastric cancer （AGC） treatment is unavailable. The current study was designed to summarize our experience in treating AGC patients with ABX. Methods： The clinical data of patients with AGC who had received at least one cycle of ABX-based chemotherapy in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 10th 2010 to May 14th 2012 was retrospectively analyzed. Results： A total of 47 cycles of ABX-containing regimens, with a median of 3 cycles （range： 1-8 cycles）, were administered to 14 patients. Five （35.7%） partial responses and 6 （42.9%） stable diseases were obtained, with a disease control rate （DCR） of 78.6%. The median progression free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS） were 3.3 and 10.8 months, respectively. Interestingly, patients in the first-line setting achieved a DCR of 100% （8/8）. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were the main grade 3/4 adverse events with an incidence of 50% in the whole group. However, only 25% patients （2/8） experienced grade 3 neutropenia when ABX in combination with fluoropyrJmJdines. Conclusion： The activity of ABX-based regimens as first-line therapy for patients with AGC is remarkable, and the toxicity is mild when ABX combined with fluorepyrimidines. Further prospective clinical trials of ABX-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment for AGC are strongly anticipated.

负载紫杉醇和JAK2-STAT3抑制剂纳米载药系统对胃癌细胞生物活性的影响机制研究

目的研讨负载紫杉醇和JAK2-STAT3抑制剂纳米载药系统对胃癌细胞生物活性的抑制作用。方法选取胃癌细胞GBC-SD为研究对象,构建PLGA(TAXOL+AZD1480)纳米粒子,确定粒子的稳定性及释放药物速率稳定性;比较对照组、PLGA组、TAXOL+AZD1480组、PLGA(TAXOL+AZD1480组)各组胃癌细胞JAK2-STAT3信号通路活性、增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭能力。结果PLGA(TAXOL+AZD1480)纳米粒子120 h内呈现出缓慢、稳定释放;TAXOL+AZD1480组及PLGA(TAXOL+AZD1480)组JAK2、STAT3磷酸化蛋白水平均降低(P<0.05);与PLGA组相比,TAXOL组、AZD1480组均可以下调胃癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭能力,上调细胞凋亡能力,Cyclin D1、MMP-9蛋白表达受到抑制,Cleaved-caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达提升(P<0.05);与TAXOL组、AZD1480组相比,TAXOL+AZD1480组、PLGA(TAXOL+AZD1480)组进一步下调胃癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭能力,上调凋亡能力(P<0.05);TAXOL+AZD1480组、PLGA(TAXOL+AZD1480)组两组癌细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭活性相近(P>0.05)。结论本研究成功构建了共载TAXOL和AZD1480的PLGA(TAXOL+AZD1480)载药传递系统,该纳米体系具有药物缓释以及抑制胃癌的作用,药效确切,值得在临床进一步推广。

Preparation, optimization and in vitro evaluation of core-shell paclitaxelloaded nanoparticles composed of MPEG-PLA and PLA

Nanoparticles with typical core-shell structure were prepared with a blend of methoxypoly（ethylene glycol）-poly（lactide） copolymer （MPEG-PLA） and poly （lactic acid） （PLA） along with paclitaxel by the O/W solvent evaporation method. An orthogonal experiment L9（3）3 was applied to get the best preparation conditions. The core-shell paclitaxel-loaded MPEG-PLA/PLA nanoparticles with the highest drug loading efficiency were obtained when amount of MPEG-PLA, time of ultrasonication and volume of deionized water were 300 mg, 10 rain and 30 mL, respectively. The release behavior of paclitaxel from the optimal MPEG-PLA/PLA nanoparticles showed that 22% ofpaclitaxel was released in 14 d. When incubating with human nasopharyngeal carcinoma ceils expressing LMP 1, these optimal nanoparticles showed a little lower tumor growth compared with free paclitaxel.

Hematological and pathological toxicity of anti-HER2/neu peptide mimetic modified paclitaxel bovine serum albumin nanoparticles

Nanoparticles have been widely applied in diagnosis and therapy due to the high loading of insoluble drug, increased target accumulation and interaction with biological tissues. Recently, severe side effects of nanoparticles have been reported, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In our study, we aim to understand the safety of paclitaxel （PTX） loaded bovine albumin nanoparticles （BNPs） and active targeted PTX loaded BNPs to normal vital organ or tissue in vivo. The anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER2/neu） peptide mimetic （AHNP） was covalent bound to surface of BNPs （AHNP-BNPs） to exert selected delivery to HER2＋ cells. In HER2＋ tumor xenographs, saline （control）, PTX traditional formula （medium of Cremophor EL-ethanol）, BNPs, and AHNP-BNPs were administrated to evaluate the toxicity. There is no severe neutropenia or anemia with treatment of BNPs and AHNP-BNPs compared with traditional PTX injection. We also evaluated their damage on normal organs, including liver, kidney, spleen, lung and heart to fully estimate the safety of AHNP-BNPs and BNPs delivery systems. We observed similar toxicity in liver and lung in mice treated with BNPs or PTX injection, but decreased liver damage in mice treated with AHNP-BNPs. Further studies are rcouired to confirm our conclusion.

基于真实世界数据的注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)药学监护路径研究

目的:建立注射用紫杉醇(白蛋白结合型)(nab-PTX)药学监护路径,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:对2020年1月至2023年6月该院使用过nab-PTX的患者资料进行回顾性分析,评价用药合理性。以nab-PTX的药品说明书为基础,以循证医学为依据,结合该院nab-PTX使用的真实世界数据等,建立nab-PTX在肿瘤患者真实世界人群中合理用药的药学监护路径。结果:本研究纳入279例使用过nab-PTX的患者数据。分析结果显示,42例转移性乳腺癌患者符合nab-PTX的药品说明书适应证;超说明书适应证用药的共237例(占84.9%),其中有循证医学证据的超说明书适应证用药有209例(包括宫颈癌、胰腺癌、胃癌、非小细胞肺癌、鼻咽癌、卵巢癌或输卵管癌、食管癌、子宫内膜癌、胆管癌),评价为用药合理,而部分超说明书用药(口腔癌、纵隔恶性肿瘤、骨肿瘤、软组织恶性肿瘤、前列腺癌、十二指肠恶性肿瘤等)循证医学证据不足,评价为不合理用药。患者使用nab-PTX最常见的不良反应为骨髓抑制和周围神经病变,与药品说明书相符。在此基础上,从化疗前、化疗中、化疗后及随访等多方面建立了nab-PTX药学监护路径。结论:nab-PTX超说明书用药普遍存在,应加强对nab-PTX应用的管理,通过制定住院患者nab-PTX药学监护路径,可以提高药师的工作效率,保障肿瘤患者合理用药。

紫杉醇PLGA纳米粒的表征及体外抗肿瘤作用研究

目的表征紫杉醇纳米粒(PTX-PLGA-NPs),并评价其对Lewis肺癌细胞的体外抑制作用。方法对以乳化溶剂挥发法所制PTX-PLGA-NPs的粒径、多分散性指数(PDI)、Zeta电位、微观形态、包封率、载药量、紫外-可见光吸收特性、稳定性等进行表征;以小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞为对象,以PTX对照品为参照,分别采用CCK-8法、Calcein-AM/PI双染法检测PTX-PLGA-NPs的细胞毒性和体外杀伤活性,分别采用AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI染色法、PI染色法评估PTX-PLGA-NPs对细胞凋亡及周期的影响。结果PTXPLGA-NPs呈类球形,平均粒径为(172.03±0.95)nm,PDI为0.098±0.012,Zeta电位为(-1.76±0.02)mV;包封率和载药量分别为(52.32±0.66)%、(7.07±0.18)%,紫外-可见光吸收特征不受载体聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物的影响;4℃下避光放置7 d时,其粒径无明显变化,平均PDI(放置1、2、4、7 d)均小于0.3。与PTX对照品组相比,PTX-PLGA-NPs组有更多细胞处于死亡状态,其存活率(当PTX质量浓度为11.2μg/mL时)显著降低,凋亡率和G2期细胞比例均显著升高(P<0.05)。结论所制PTX-PLGA-NPs粒径均一、分散均匀、性质稳定,对肺癌细胞的体外杀伤作用较PTX强。

Mitochondrial metabolism blockade nanoadjuvant reversed immune-resistance microenvironment to sensitize albumin-bound paclitaxel-based chemo-immunotherapy

Currently, the efficacy of albumin-bound paclitaxel (PTX@Alb) is still limited due to theimpaired PTX@Alb accumulation in tumors partly mediated by the dense collagen distribution. Meanwhile,acquired immune resistance always occurs due to the enhanced programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) expression after PTX@Alb treatment, which then leads to immune tolerance. To fill these gaps,we newly revealed that tamoxifen (TAM), a clinically widely used adjuvant therapy for breast cancer withmitochondrial metabolism blockade capacity, could also be used as a novel effective PD-L1 and TGF-bdual-inhibitor via inducing the phosphorylation of adenosine 5ʹ-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK) protein. Following this, to obtain a more significant effect, TPP-TAM was prepared by conjugatingmitochondria-targeted triphenylphosphine (TPP) with TAM, which then further self-assembledwith albumin (Alb) to form TPP-TAM@Alb nanoparticles. By doing this, TPP-TAM@Alb nanoparticleseffectively decreased the expression of collagen in vitro, which then led to the enhanced accumulation ofPTX@Alb in 4T1 tumors. Besides, TPP-TAM@Alb also effectively decreased the expression of PD-L1 and TGF-b in tumors to better sensitize PTX@Alb-mediated chemo-immunotherapy by enhancing T cellinfiltration. All in all, we newly put forward a novel mitochondrial metabolism blockade strategy toinhibit PTX@Alb-resistant tumors, further supporting its better clinical application。

紫杉醇纳米制剂的研究进展

紫杉醇(PTX)是目前临床上最常用的抗肿瘤药物之一,其作用机理是抑制细胞有丝分裂和诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。尽管PTX在肿瘤抑制方面已经取得了很好的效果,但由于其水溶性较差、口服生物利用度较低、常规静脉注射给药会引起严重的过敏等副作用,临床应用受到严重限制。因此,研发新型PTX制剂对于改善其毒副作用和提高其治疗效果尤为重要。纳米制剂是一种新型的药物递送系统,能够显著提高药物的治疗效果和降低副作用。随着医学模式的转变和人口老龄化的加剧,人们对新型药物递送系统的开发越来越迫切。纳米制剂作为一种新型的药物递送系统,具有巨大的潜力和发展空间。随着纳米技术的不断发展和完善,纳米制剂在药物递送方面的优势越来越明显。本文作者综述了近年来PTX纳米制剂的研究进展,对新型的PTX纳米制剂进行介绍,归纳其优缺点,为提高PTX的治疗效果提供思路,并对未来的研究与开发进行展望。相信在未来,随着纳米技术的不断完善和进步,PTX纳米制剂会有更大的应用潜力。

The preparation and characteristics of sterically stabilized liposomes containing paclitaxel and super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Theranostics, combining therapy and diagnosis, is an appealing approach for chemotherapy. In the present study, we selected paclitaxel （PTX） as a therapeutic agent, super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （SPIO） as a diagnostic agent and sterically stabilized liposomes as a carrier to prepare theranostic liposomes. The SPIO were prepared and characterized. Moreover, the sterically stabilized liposomes containing PTX and SPIO （PTX/SPIO-SSL） were prepared. The characteristics of PTX/SPIO-SSL were investigated. The results indicated that prepared SPIO exhibited super-paramagnetic and could be used for MRI. The average particle size of PTX/SPIO-SSL was about 170 rim, with a polydispersity index （PDI） less than 0.3. The zeta potential of PTX/SPIO-SSL was negative. The PTX entrapment efficiency of PTX/SPIO-SSL was more than 98%. The TEM results indicated the spherical structure and dense SPIO content in PTX/SPIO-SSL. The in vitro release of PTX from PTX/SPIO-SSL and PTX-SSL was almost identical at both pH 6.8 and 7.4. In conclusion, the PTX/SPIO-SSL were prepared and characterized in vitro. The anti-tumor and diagnostic activity of PTX/SPIO-SSL should be investigated deeply in future study.

The effect of drug position on the properties of paclitaxel-conjugated gold nanoparticles for liver tumor treatment

Structure-efficacy effect of small molecular drug attracts wide attentions,but it has always been ignored in nanomedicine research.To reveal the efficacy modulation of nanomedicine,we developed a new type of paclitaxel(PTX)-conjugated gold nanoparticles(PTX-co njugated GNPs)to investigate the influence of drug position in controlling their in vitro properties and in vivo performance.Two therapeutic ligands(TA-PEG-NH-N=PTX and TA-PTX=N-NH-PEG)were synthesized to conjugate PTX on the surface of GNPs at different positions,locating on the surface of gold conjugate and inserting between GNPs and polyethylene glycol(PEG,molecular weight 1000 Da),respectively.It was found that PEG-PTX@GNPs with PTX located between GNP and PEG exhibited higher aqueous solubility,biocompatibility,and stability.In addition,an acid sensitive hydrazone bond has been inserted between PTX and PEG in both ligands for drug release of PTX and PTX-PEG segment,respectively,at the tumor site.Further release of PTX from PTX-PEG segment is based on the esterase hydrolysis of an ester bond between PTX and PEG.This two-step drug release mechanism offers PEG-PTX@GNPs effective and sustained release behavior for desirable anticancer activity,enhanced therapeutic efficacy,and lower systematic toxicity in Hepsbearing animal models.

紫杉醇长循环固态脂质纳米粒的制备和体内外研究

目的 以硬脂酸为载体材料制备紫杉醇的长循环脂质纳米粒 ,并考察其体内外性质。方法 用“乳化蒸发 低温固化”法制备Brij78固态脂质纳米粒 (Brij78 SLN)和PoluromicF6 8固态脂质纳米粒 (F6 8 SLN) ;用透射电镜考察了紫杉醇纳米粒的形态 ;建立了脂质纳米粒和血清中测定紫杉醇的HPLC方法 ;考察了纳米粒于 3 0 %乙醇溶液中的体外药物释放 ;以市售紫杉醇注射剂对照 ,测定了两种纳米粒于小鼠体内的药物动力学参数。结果 脂质纳米粒基本呈圆球状或椭圆球状 ,大小比较均匀。激光散射法测定Brij78 SLN粒径为 ( 10 4± 2 9)nm。F6 8 SLN粒径为 ( 2 2 0± 98)nm。Brij78 SLN和F6 8 SLN包封率分别为 4 7%和 75 %。两种纳米粒都缓慢地释放药物 ,2 4h后分别释放药物总量的8%和 2 0 %。两种纳米粒都可以延长紫杉醇的体内滞留时间 ,Brij78 SLN ,F6 8 SLN和紫杉醇注射剂的消除半衰期分别为 4 88,10 0 6和 1 3 6h。