Jamming Assisted Covert Wireless Communication in Multi-Channel Systems

This paper investigates the jammerassisted multi-channel covert wireless communication(CWC)by exploiting the randomness of sub-channel selection to confuse the warden.In particular,we propose two sub-channel selection transmission schemes,named random sub-channel selection(RSS)scheme and maximum sub-channel selection(MSS)scheme,to enhance communication covertness.For each proposed scheme,we first derive closed-form expressions of the transmission outage probability(TOP),the average effective rate,and the minimum average detection error probability(DEP).Then,the average effective covert rate(ECR)is maximized by jointly optimizing the transmit power at the transmitter and the number of sub-channels.Numerical results show that there is an optimal value of the number of sub-channels that maximizes the average ECR.We also find that to achieve the maximum average ECR,a larger number of subchannels are needed facing a stricter covertness constraint.

A novel multi-channel porous structure facilitating mass transport towards highly efficient alkaline water electrolysis

An advantageous porous architecture of electrodes is pivotal in significantly enhancing alkaline water electrolysis(AWE)efficiency by optimizing the mass transport mechanisms.This effect becomes even more pronounced when aiming to achieve elevated current densities.Herein,we employed a rapid and scalable laser texturing process to craft novel multi-channel porous electrodes.Particularly,the obtained electrodes exhibit the lowest Tafel slope of 79 mV dec^(-1)(HER)and 49 mV dec^(-1)(OER).As anticipated,the alkaline electrolyzer(AEL)cell incorporating multi-channel porous electrodes(NP-LT30)exhibited a remarkable improvement in cell efficiency,with voltage drops(from 2.28 to 1.97 V)exceeding 300 mV under 1 A cm^(-1),compared to conventional perforated Ni plate electrodes.This enhancement mainly stemmed from the employed multi-channel porous structure,facilitating mass transport and bubble dynamics through an innovative convection mode,surpassing the traditional convection mode.Furthermore,the NP-LT30-based AEL cell demonstrated exceptional durability for 300 h under 1.0 A cm^(-2).This study underscores the capability of the novel multi-channel porous electrodes to expedite mass transport in practical AWE applications.

Design of Cold-Junction Compensation and Disconnection Detection Circuits of Various Thermocouples and Implementation of Multi-Channel Interfaces Using Them-A Secondary Publication

Cold-junction compensation(CJC)and disconnection detection circuit design of various thermocouples(TC)and multi-channel TC interface circuits were designed.The CJC and disconnection detection circuit consists of a CJC semiconductor device,an instrumentation amplifier(IA),two resistors,and a diode for disconnection detection.Based on the basic circuit,a multi-channel interface circuit was also implemented.The CJC was implemented using compensation semiconductor and IA,and disconnection detection was detected by using two resistors and a diode so that IA input voltage became-0.42 V.As a result of the experiment using R-type TC,the error of the designed circuit was reduced from 0.14 mV to 3μV after CJC in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°C.In addition,it was confirmed that the output voltage of IA was saturated from 88 mV to-14.2 V when TC was disconnected from normal.The output voltage of the designed circuit was 0 V to 10 V in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°C.The results of the 4-channel interface experiment using R-type TC were almost identical to the CJC and disconnection detection results for each channel.The implemented multi-channel interface has a feature that can be applied equally to E,J,K,T,R,and S-type TCs by changing the terminals of CJC semiconductor devices and adjusting the IA gain.

8-nm narrowband photodetection in diamonds

Spectrally-selective photodetection plays a crucial role in various applications,including target imaging and environmental monitoring.Traditional deep-ultraviolet(DUV)narrowband photodetection systems consist of broadband photodetectors and filters,which complicates the architecture and constrains imaging quality.Here,we introduce an electronic-grade diamond single-crystal photodetector exhibiting an exceptionally narrow spectral response in the DUV range with a full width at half maximum of 8 nm.By examining diamond photodetectors with varying dislocation densities,we propose that mitigating the defect-induced trapping effect to achieve charge collection narrowing,assisted by free exciton radiative recombination,is an effective strategy for narrowband photodetection.The superior performance of this device is evidenced through the imaging of DUV light sources,showcasing its capability to differentiate between distinct light sources and monitor human-safe sterilization systems.Our findings underscore the promising potential applications of electronicgrade diamond in narrowband photodetection and offer a valuable technique for identifying electronic-grade diamond.

Multi-channel terahertz focused beam generator based on shared-aperture metasurface

Most of existing metasurfaces usually have limited channel behavior,which seriouslyhinders their development and application.In this paper,we propose a multi-channel terahertz focused beam generator based on shared-aperture metasurface,and the generator consists of a top square metal strip,a middle layer of silica and a metal bottom plate.By changing the position and size of the shared-aperture array,the designed metasurface can generate any number of multi-channel focusing beams at different predicted positions.In addition,the energy intensity of focusing beams can be controlled.The full-wave simulation results show that the metasurface achieves four-channel vortex focused beam generation with different topological charges,and five-,six-,eight-channel focused beam generation with different energy intensities at a frequency of 1 THz,which are in good agreement with the theoretically calculated predictions.This work can provide a new idea for designing the terahertz multichannel devices.

Fast pre-stack multi-channel inversion constrained by seismic reflection features

Classical multi-channel technology can significantly reduce the pre-stack seismic inversion uncertainty, especially for complex geology such as high dipping structures. However, due to the consideration of complex structure or reflection features, the existing multi-channel inversion methods have to adopt the highly time-consuming strategy of arranging seismic data trace-by-trace, limiting its wide application in pre-stack inversion. A fast pre-stack multi-channel inversion constrained by seismic reflection features has been proposed to address this issue. The key to our method is to re-characterize the reflection features to directly constrain the pre-stack inversion through a Hadamard product operator without rearranging the seismic data. The seismic reflection features can reflect the distribution of the stratum reflection interface, and we obtained them from the post-stack profile by searching the shortest local Euclidean distance between adjacent seismic traces. Instead of directly constructing a large-size reflection features constraint operator advocated by the conventional methods, through decomposing the reflection features along the vertical and horizontal direction at a particular sampling point, we have constructed a computationally well-behaved constraint operator represented by the vertical and horizontal partial derivatives. Based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) optimization, we have derived a fast algorithm for solving the objective function, including Hadamard product operators. Compared with the conventional reflection features constrained inversion, the proposed method is more efficient and accurate, proved on the Overthrust model and a field data set.

Opportunistic Routing with Multi-Channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery

Due to the scattered nature of the network,data transmission in a dis-tributed Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET)consumes more energy resources(ER)than in a centralized network,resulting in a shorter network lifespan(NL).As a result,we build an Enhanced Opportunistic Routing(EORP)protocol architecture in order to address the issues raised before.This proposed routing protocol goal is to manage the routing cost by employing power,load,and delay to manage the routing energy consumption based on theflooding of control pack-ets from the target node.According to the goal of the proposed protocol techni-que,it is possible to manage the routing cost by applying power,load,and delay.The proposed technique also manage the routing energy consumption based on theflooding of control packets from the destination node in order to reduce the routing cost.Control packet exchange between the target and all the nodes,on the other hand,is capable of having an influence on the overall efficiency of the system.The EORP protocol and the Multi-channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery(MCCND)protocol have been designed to detect the cooperative adja-cent nodes for each node in the routing route as part of the routing path discovery process,which occurs during control packet transmission.While control packet transmission is taking place during the routing path discovery process,the EORP protocol and the Multi-channel Cooperative Neighbour Discovery(MCCND)protocol have been designed to detect the cooperative adjacent nodes for each node in the routing.Also included is a simulation of these protocols in order to evaluate their performance across a wide range of packet speeds using Constant Bit Rate(CBR).When the packet rate of the CBR is 20 packets per second,the results reveal that the EORP-MCCND is 0.6 s quicker than the state-of-the-art protocols,according to thefindings.Assuming that the CBR packet rate is 20 packets per second,the EORP-MCCND achieves 0.6 s of End 2 End Delay,0.05 s of Routing Overhead Delay,120 s of Network Lifetime,and 20 J of Energy Consumption efficiency,which is much better than that of the state-of-the-art protocols.

基于深度强化学习的Π型阻抗匹配网络多参数最优求解方法

针对电力线信道阻抗变化复杂、负载阻抗不匹配造成通信质量差等问题,提出一种基于深度强化学习的Π型阻抗匹配网络多参数最优求解方法,并验证分析了深度强化学习对于寻找最优匹配参数的可行性。首先,建立Π型网络结构,推导窄带匹配和宽带匹配场景下的最优匹配目标函数。其次,采用深度强化学习,利用智能体的移动模拟实际匹配网络的元件参数变化,设置含有理论值与最优匹配值参数的公式作为奖励,构建寻优匹配模型。然后,分别仿真验证了窄带匹配和宽带匹配两种应用场景并优化模型的网络参数。最后,仿真结果证明,经过训练后的最优模型运行时间较短且准确度较高,能够较好地自动匹配电力线载波通信负载阻抗变化,改善和提高电力线载波通信质量。

基于窄带频谱分析的电力线载波通信干扰过滤技术

电力线路载波通信受到背景噪声、脉冲噪声等方面干扰因素影响,导致通信信号质量下降,为此提出一种基于窄带频谱分析的通信干扰过滤技术。首先构建近似模型分析通信信号特征,利用马尔可夫链模拟信道上脉冲噪声状态。然后基于窄带频谱分析算法,在信号频谱周期图下,利用正交数据窗分离直接频谱,筛选估计方差以避免频谱泄漏事件的发生。利用傅里叶变换计算特征频谱,估计信号能量的集中特性,分析通信信号,平衡信号振幅和干扰抑制。最后通过时频峰值实施干扰滤波,有效保证电力线载波通信信号质量。经过实验数据分析证明,所提技术的载波干扰幅值最小值为1.1 dB,载波通信信号误码率平均值为1.9%,方法耗时平均值为3.8 s。

基于宽窄带综合的飞机机型识别方法

针对传统单模态雷达飞机目标细粒度识别能力不足的问题,提出一种基于宽窄带综合的飞机机型识别方法.通过卷积网络挖掘宽带一维距离像的局部散射特性,递归神经网络挖掘窄带微动回波不同时刻的上下文特性,达到信息互补的目的.同时,针对两种模态在决策融合时存在强弱不平衡问题,设计了一种自适应决策融合网络,实现了对飞机目标的机型识别.利用七种飞机机型的仿真宽窄带数据进行了实验验证.仿真结果表明,本文方法平均识别准确率为76.7%,较传统方法提升6.4%以上.

针对频率失调问题的挖掘机ANC系统优化设计

在进行窄带主动噪声控制(Narrowband Active Noise Control,NANC)过程中,常采用非声学传感器来获取参考信号,但非声学传感器会因老化和疲劳积累产生误差,使NANC系统频率失调(Frequency Mismatch,FM),导致降噪性能下降,甚至失效。针对此问题,提出一种基于自适应补偿(Adaptive Compensation,AC)的控制方案,该方案利用滤波增强信号与原始信号的相关性,设计一个频率跟踪质量评价因子,使该方案能更精准地实现对频率的追踪,以取得更优的FM补偿效果。通过仿真对比发现,与传统解决方案相比,AC方案能应对更大FM,使NANC系统具有更好的稳定性,初步验证了算法的优越性。进一步开展台架试验与实机实验,试验结果表明:当FM达到10%,经AC方案优化的NANC系统对挖掘机2、4、6阶噪声降噪量仍达到了15.2 dB、24.1 dB、21.2 dB,进一步验证了AC方案的性能。同时,也表明所提AC方案能有效实现对FM的控制,具有较高的实用价值。

超材料光谱选择性热辐射实验研究

热辐射是物理实验研究的一个重要方面。基于金属-介质-金属“三明治”式微纳米结构,制作了一种超材料光谱选择性窄带热辐射源。测量结果表明,该辐射源能够将热辐射能量集中在9.03μm波长附近,峰值发射率高达98.0%,发射带宽仅为1.58μm。实验还展示了这种热辐射源峰值辐射波长的灵活调控特性。

NBI内镜对声带白斑病变性质的评估价值

目的探讨窄带成像(narrow band imaging,NBI)内镜对声带白斑病变性质的评估价值。方法回顾性分析95例(153侧)声带白斑患者(58例双侧,37例单侧)的临床资料,所有患者在显微喉镜手术前均进行电子喉镜检查,先用普通白光检查声带病变,再用NBI模式检查。根据NBI内镜下白斑及上皮内乳头样毛细血管袢(intraepithelial papillary capillary loop,IPCL)的形态特征,分为低危组(I型、II型、III型白斑)和高危组(IV型、V型、VI型白斑)。然后所有患者均于全麻支撑喉镜下行喉显微手术,术后切除的病变组织送病理检查,将NBI内镜评估结果与病理结果进行比较,计算NBI内镜评估病变性质的敏感性、特异性、准确性及Kappa-Cohen指数。结果153侧病变中,根据NBI内镜,123侧病灶(80.4%)评估为低危组(I型18侧,II型41侧,III型64侧),可能为良性病变,30侧病灶(19.6%)评估为高危组(IV型2侧,V型25侧,VI型3侧),可能为恶性;病理结果示121侧(79.1%)为低危组(角化过度20侧,轻度不典型增生39侧,中度不典型增生62侧),32侧(20.9%)为高危组(重度不典型增生5侧,原位癌22侧,浸润癌5侧)。NBI内镜评估除低危组中有2侧III型病变病理检查为重度不典型增生外,其余均与病理结果相符合。NBI内镜预测白斑恶性程度的敏感性为100%,特异性为97.6%,阳性预测值为90%,阴性预测值为100%,准确性为98%,Kappa-Cohen指数为90%(95%置信区间82.3%~100%)(P<0.05)。结论根据NBI内镜可较准确评估声带白斑的病变性质。

Development of multi-channel observation and inversion for IP electrical sounding method

In order to improve the exploration effect of deep non-ferrous mineral resources, multi-channel observation methods for induced polarization （IP） electrical sounding data and their inversion imaging technology are studied. First of all, four multi-channel observation methods are developed based on conventional IP electrical method, namely three-electrode and four-electrode arrays of unilateral and bilateral current transmitting. Then the maximum smoothness constrained inversion method of the least squares sense for IP electrical sounding data is proposed, and the inversion software is programmed. Finally, the simulation and inversion results of geo-electrical model for the proposed observation methods are analyzed. And the comparison results show that three-electrode array of bilateral current transmitting gives the best result, but the intensity in field work is larger than others; unilateral three-electrode and four-electrode arrays give the better results. Taking detection results and convenience of field exploration work into consideration, these two methods are more suitable for practical application; bilateral observation method of four-electrode array is not suitable for the detection of the steep ore bodies.

面内传播方向对SAW滤波器性能的影响研究

为了满足窄带声表面波滤波器对品质因数Q值和带外抑制日益增长的需求,提出了一种窄带滤波器设计方法。在基于新型POI结构谐振器的基础上,通过旋转谐振器达到改变波传播角度的目的,并利用二维全模型得到准确的实验数据,与原结构谐振器分别代入滤波器设计中进行比较。实验结果表明,该方法在一定程度上能够有效地增加带外抑制,对过渡带抑制能力有2~4 dB的提升,且具有设计简便,占用空间小等优点。

高精度光谱特性测试与表征系统

针对分光光度计存在发散角而导致窄带滤波器测试存在误差的问题,研制了高精度光谱特性测试与表征系统。分析了光束入射的锥角效应以及发散角对窄带滤波器中心波长、峰值透过率和半高宽的影响。利用发散角小的激光光束作为光源,搭建了高精度光谱特性测试与表征方案,完成了窄带滤波器的精确光谱特性测试及表征。通过对中心波长532 nm窄带滤波器的制备和测试,验证了系统的实用性。测试窄带滤波器的半高宽为0.79 nm,峰值透过率为87.23%。对比5°和10°下的光谱透过率曲线,验证了角度对窄带滤波器的影响。高精度光谱特性测试与表征系统有效实现了窄带滤波器的高精度测试。

Design of multi-channel data acquisition system based on LabVIEW and NI PXI-5105

A data acquisition system based on LabVIEW and NI PXI-5105 is presented for multi-channel data acquisition. It can realize the functions of parameter setting, data acquisition and storage, waveform display and data analysis using LabVIEW and NI-SCOPE device driver. The advantages of the system are that the setting is convenient, the operation is easy, the interface is friendly and the functions are practical. The experiment results show that the system has good stability and high reliability and is a powerful tool for multi-channel data acquisition.

Narrowband interference suppression in TR-UWB system based on cognitive radio theory

A cognitive radio transmitted reference ultra-wideband（CR-TR-UWB） system is proposed to improve the performance of TR-UWB systems with narrowband interference（NBI） from primary users（PU）.The transmitter of the CR-TR-UWB system detects the band of PU,and then sends prolate spheroidal wave functions（PSWF） pulses with the same limited band as PU＇s to reduce interference with PU.The receiver uses a notch filter before autocorrelation to eliminate NBI from PU.The simulation results show that the bit error rate（BER） performance of the CR-TR-UWB system is close to that of TR-UWB systems without NBI when the system is interfered by single or double NBIs with a signal to interference ratio（SIR） of 0 dB,and if the signal to noise ratio（SNR） is 10 dB and the SIR varies from-20 to 10 dB,BER performance varies no more than an order of magnitude.The system has excellent resistance to NBI,strong robustness BER performance at different SNRs,and smaller interference with the same frequency band PU.

基于深度学习的非扩跳频通信体制窄带干扰抑制技术

复杂环境下的无线业务在近年来呈现数据密集化发展趋势,对无线通信系统的数据传输能力和干扰对抗能力都提出了更高的要求。现有扩跳频通信体制通过牺牲时频资源利用率换取干扰对抗能力,难以满足复杂环境下的高速数据传输需求。为此,提出了一种基于深度学习的非扩跳频通信体制窄带干扰抑制技术,在非扩跳频通信体制基础上,在接收端级联频域陷波模块和深度神经网络模块有效抑制窄带干扰,同时提升数据传输速率和干扰抑制能力。其中,深度神经网络用于从频域陷波后的失真信号中重构真实信号。实验结果表明,与传统频域陷波算法相比,所提出的算法具有更低的误码率,训练好的深度神经网络能够泛化到不同信号强度、干扰强度、干扰频段、干扰波形等场景。

窄带成像内镜下结直肠息肉形态特征差异及对息肉性质的鉴别价值

目的:窄带成像内镜(NBI)下的结直肠息肉形态特征差异及其对息肉性质的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选取齐齐哈尔市第一医院2021年2月至2023年2月接受结直肠内镜检查且确诊为结直肠息肉样病变患者126例(768颗息肉)作为研究对象,统计分析检出息肉的大小、形态、表面黏膜情况,根据病理学结果将息肉分为非瘤性息肉和癌前病变息肉,并计算NICE分型判别息肉性质的价值,并绘制ROC曲线。结果:高级别上皮瘤变息肉中直径≥1.0cm的息肉占比显著高于管状腺瘤、炎性息肉、炎性息肉(P值均<0.003),管状绒毛状腺瘤中直径≥1.0cm的息肉占比显著大于炎性息肉、增生性息肉(P值均<0.003);管状绒毛状腺瘤中直径≥1.0cm的息肉占比显著大于炎性息肉(P<0.003);高级别上皮瘤变息肉的山田分型与绒毛状腺瘤、增生性息肉的山田分型比较,差异具有统计学意义(P值均<0.003);绒毛状腺瘤中分叶状息肉占比显著高于管状腺瘤、高级别上皮瘤变、炎性息肉、管状绒毛状腺瘤、增生性息肉(P值均<0.003);管状腺瘤、炎性息肉、管状绒毛状腺瘤、增生性息肉黏膜表面光滑的占比率显著高于绒毛状腺瘤、高级别上皮瘤变(P值均<0.003);NICE分型标准判断结直肠息肉瘤性或非瘤性息肉的灵敏度为88.62%、特异度为90.94%、漏诊率为11.38%、误诊率为9.06%。结论:在NBI下,不同病理学类型的结直肠息肉形态特征、大小、表面黏膜特征相比较有显著差异,且NBI检查对于鉴别诊断结直肠息肉性质具有较高的临床应用价值。