Spatial Pattern Evolution and Industrial Characteristics of Economic and Technological Development Zones and High-tech Industrial Zones in China

Economic and technological development zone and high-tech industrial zone are important types of development zone in China,and there are differences in their connotation and goal setting.In this paper,basic data of national and provincial economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in China were collected and arranged.Kernel density analysis and other GIS spatial analysis techniques were used to analyze the evolution laws of spatial patterns of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in cities from 2006 to 2018.First,the agglomeration intensity was compared by measuring the degree of regional agglomeration and dispersion on the two time nodes.Next,kernel density method was used to explore the evolution of the two in the spatial layout and location,and analyze development commonness and difference of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones.Finally,the trend and reason of spatial evolution of development zones with different leading industries were explored.Research results show that:①the agglomeration degree of layout of high-tech industrial zones is stronger than that of economic and technological development zones,and there are similarities and differences in distribution trend of spatial patterns of the two types of development zones;②the distribution of labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive development zones is concentrated at smaller scales and dispersed at larger ones;③although there are differences between the economic and technological development zones and the high-tech industrial zones in the goal,support,structure and function,management system and so on,their spatial development presents a trend of convergence.In the future,when enhancing urban-rural planning and public administration,governments should combine the trend of industrial transformation and upgrading,and optimize spatial layout of development zones by adjusting industrial structure,layout,transportation and land use.

A Study of the Industrial Development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone

This paper illustrates the current situation and problems concerning the industrial structure in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone,and analyzes the internal contradictions that exist in industry: small-scale land operation has become an inherent obstacle to the industrial development in Agricultural High-tech Zone; farmers are always in a passive position in industrial restructuring optimization; government's policy failures and rent-seeking behaviors have hindered industrial development; the research,popularization and application of agricultural science and technology is not suited to industrial development requirements. Finally,this paper makes the corresponding recommendations for industrial development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone.

High-tech Industrial Development Zones in Nanjing,Suzhou,Changzhou and Wuxi

Nanjing High-tech Industrial Devel-opment Zone It is a state-level high-tech in-dustrial development zone approved by theState Council, with an area of 16.5 sq km,comprising seven sq km of industrial area,five sq km of Taiwan invested area, three sqkm of university teaching and scientificresearch area and 1.5 sq km of compositeservice area. The development zone is 13.5 kmfrom the city center, with convenient trafficconditions, three state highways and a pro-

The Impact of the Establishment of National High-tech Zones on Total Factor Productivity of Chinese Enterprises

The National High-tech Zone(NHTZs)is an important strategic platform for cultivating high-tech industries and realizing high-quality economic development in China.Based on the combined data from 2006 to 2014 of the industrial enterprise database,the customs database,and the China Development Zones Audit and Announcement Catalogue(abbreviated asthe Catalogue),this paper systematically investigates the influence of the construction of NHTZs on enterprise’s total factor productivity(TFP).Results show that NHTZs have a positive impact on the TFP of enterprises in the zone,and this conclusion is still valid after considering endogeneity problems.Furthermore,the above productivity effects of NHTZs are heterogeneous in terms of enterprise ownership,external environment and establishment time,and NHTZs have greater stimulation effects on enterprise productivity after comparing with other types of functional zones.An investigation of the specific mechanisms at play shows that NHTZs promote the TFP of enterprises in the zone through the release of preferential policies,strengthening the“technology spillover effects”of imported intermediate goods,enhancing enterprise’s innovation ability and attracting talent.In addition,based on the decomposition of industry productivity,this paper also investigates the impact of NHTZs on changes in industry productivity and finds that NHTZs promote the overall productivity of specific industries mainly by stimulating the productivity improvement of incumbent enterprises and expanding the market share of high-productivity enterprises.Moreover,the preferential policies of NHTZs do not significantly stimulate high-productivity enterprises to enter the zones,nor do they cause low-productivity enterprises to exit.This research is helpful in objectively evaluating the economic effects of the NHTZs in China and in providing a theoretical basis for its further adjustment.

Economic Development Strategies and Optimization of High-tech Development Zones from the Perspective of"Four-transform and Three-famous":Taking Nanchang High-tech Development Zone as an Example

In recent years,high-tech development zones(hi-tech zones)have always occupied a very important position in the strategy of promoting China's innovative development.The combination of the"four-transform and three-famous"coordinated economic development strategy pioneered by Zhejiang Province in 2015 and the coordinated economic development of high-tech zones is particularly important for modern China at a critical time for innovative economic development.In this article,based on the research on the coordination mechanism of economic activities and development of Nanchang High-tech Zone,the development course of high-tech zones in China is elaborated,the early economic models in high-tech zones of Nanchang and China are analyzed,the existing problems in the structure of economic development of high-tech zones are analyzed in depth,the main driving factors for promoting the economic development of high-tech zones are studied from the aspects of capital,space,industry,economic model,etc.,and corresponding development strategies for high-tech development zones in China are proposed.

Planning mode and realization path of regional characteristic ecoindustrial park

Starting from the regional characteristic industrial park planning plan,a horizontal comparison of domestic and foreign typical urban regional industrial park planning cases is carried out,and the commonalities characteristics are analyzed to explore the regularity and universality of the Tonghua urban characteristic industrial park.Under the guiding principles for planning and development of ecological industrial parks,the city’s resource advantages,industry goals and positioning are studied and analyzed from the perspectives of the government,market,and enterprises.It is pointed out that the government should formulate policies,regulations and the construction of characteristic industrial parks in combination with new planning methods.The market should build industrial parks with the support of industrial stimulus and technological innovation.Finally,it summarizes the realization path of regional characteristic industrial parks from five aspects:positioning and goals,ways to achieve goals,profit models,customers and values,basic advantages and exclusive resources.

国家自主创新示范区设立与服务贸易高质量发展

自主创新是实现企业高质量发展、提升国际竞争力的必由之路。基于1997—2021年中国省级数据,使用合成控制法和双重差分法实证分析了国家自主创新示范区设立对服务贸易高质量发展的影响及其机制。研究发现,国家自主创新示范区设立能显著促进服务贸易高质量发展,且通过技术创新和产业结构升级促进了服务贸易高质量发展。异质性分析发现,相较于中西部地区,国家自主创新示范区设立对服务贸易高质量发展的促进作用在东部地区更大。因此,中国应继续鼓励国家自主创新示范区扩围发展,加快科技成果转化,中西部地区要大力发展科技服务业,以促进服务贸易高质量发展。

国家重点森林生态功能区产业生态化水平测度与产业-生态的协调发展

以9个国家重点森林生态功能区作为实证研究区域,构建产业化和生态化两个子系统及产业生态化系统发展水平评价指标体系,运用熵值法、耦合协调度模型、剪刀差模型、耦合度模型、Dagum基尼系数和MGWR模型等方法,从县域尺度测度生态功能区建设12年来产业化水平、生态化水平及产业生态化水平发展变化,分析产业化、生态化两个子系统协调发展水平、发展速度差异及动态演化趋势,剖析影响产业生态化发展因素为产业生态化健康发展提供科学支撑。结果表明:(1)12年间产业生态化呈低水平的小幅上升态势,9个功能区间的最大差距呈先下降后上升的波动发展态势。不同功能区间产业生态化水平及产业化水平、生态化水平差异均较大,不同功能区产业生态化水平发展变化的主要内部动因存在较大差异;产业化水平和生态化水平总体均呈小幅上升态势,产业化总体水平低于生态化水平,9个功能区间的最大差距均呈先下降收敛后上升发散的态势;产业生态化、产业化、生态化水平均表现为前一阶段增长快于后一阶段,且后一阶段增速下滑幅度大。(2)12年间产业化与生态化系统二者协调度实现由初级协调到中级协调的提升,9个功能区间协调水平最大差距呈持续上升发展态势。186个县域样本总体协调水平分布呈以初级、中级协调为主,濒临失调、勉强协调和良好协调县份少的“纺锤”形态;产业化增长速率快于生态化增长速率,产业化与生态化发展速率的剪刀差呈小幅下降态势,产业化与生态化发展间差异逐渐缩小,趋向于共同发展阶段。(3)城镇化率、人口密度、人均城乡居民储蓄存款余额、第三产业增加值/第二产业增加值、财政自给率、城镇居民人均可支配收入、每万人医院和卫生院床位数对产业生态化水平呈正向影响,且城镇化率为影响产业生态化水平的正向主导因素。

国家级承接产业转移示范区的低碳发展效应研究——以大湘西地区为例

基于2013—2022年大湘西地区各市(州)数据,采用双重差分模型,检验国家级承接产业转移示范区建设对大湘西地区低碳发展的影响。研究表明,国家级承接产业转移示范区有利于大湘西地区的低碳发展,且通过绿色技术创新投入和提升政府对低碳发展的关注度,有利于促进大湘西地区的低碳发展。

国家高新区未来产业培育的发展基础、实施路径与政策建议

培育发展未来产业,对中国主动把握新一轮科技革命和产业变革的重大战略机遇、积极抢占未来产业发展先机、开辟发展新领域新赛道、不断塑造发展新动能新优势具有重要意义。在解析未来产业的概念、特征及在国家高新区布局意义的基础上,总结归纳了国内外未来产业发展态势和产业布局,结合国家高新区在战略科技资源、顶尖科技人才和新兴产业基础等方面的领先优势,阐述了国家高新区未来产业发展现状、挑战及路径,并从谋划实施、方向选择、产业布局及培育路径等方面提出政策建议。

大湾区综合性国家科学中心建设背景下松山湖高新区打造世界一流科学城的创新生态系统演化对策

打造世界一流科学城亟须对自身创新资源和创新要素进行高度集聚和全面升级,但自2020年7月获批建设大湾区综合性国家科学中心先行启动区至今,学界关于松山湖高新区如何打造科学城以及两者创新生态系统的演化逻辑研究尚属空缺。为推动松山湖科学城建设实现园区的跨越式发展,在对高新区创新生态系统和科学城创新生态系统进行辨析的基础上,分析松山湖科学城创新生态系统结构,认为松山湖科学城已初步构建科技创新体系、创新产业体系、创新环境体系、城市功能体系以及协同机制、保障机制和动力机制,具有创新体系化、产业高端化、环境生态化和功能社会化的特征;进一步通过梳理我国其他三大国家科学中心建设经验,总结得出其在系统规划、产业布局、创新人才、开放创新和营造环境等五大方面高度重视,而松山湖科学城建设对标这三大国家科学中心,还存在源头创新能力偏弱、创新对产业高质量发展支撑不足、创新软硬件环境亟需优化、城市功能配套有待完善等差距和不足,进而从发挥科学城的创新策源作用、强化创新对产业的支撑引领、重视创新创业生态环境的营造、提升凸显创新特色的城市功能等方面,提出推进松山湖高新区向科学城演变的创新生态系统演化对策建议。

国际贸易视角下加快北京“两区”建设的思考

当前,国际贸易形势复杂多变,全球贸易萎缩,经济增长放缓,中美贸易摩擦升级,疫情带来的外部需求正在消退。在困难的外部环境下,北京“两区”建设目标的实现既面临严峻的挑战,又面临难得的机遇。文章阐述了北京“两区”建设的重大意义及目标特色,从3个方面分析了当前国际贸易形势对北京“两区”建设的影响。在此基础上,文章从7个方面提出加快北京“两区”建设的思考:更好地发挥北京对资源的集聚作用,开放引导改革、改革促进发展,立足于促进国家整体的产业升级,促进消费升级和经济内外均衡发展,通过主动扩大进口促进出口,充分利用市场过剩驱动创新,完善政府与市场有机互补关系。

国家重点生态功能区设立与工业经济发展——基于中国23省份县域面板数据的经验分析

国家重点生态功能区制度对维护区域生态安全与促进区域和谐发展发挥着关键性作用,作为一种约束性制度,该政策对工业经济的发展有何影响呢?基于2000—2019年中国23个省份1591个县级面板数据,利用国家重点生态功能区设立这一准自然实验分析了该项制度对于工业经济发展的影响。研究表明:国家重点生态功能区设立对于工业经济发展具有抑制性作用,相比对照组,国家重点生态功能区设立使得工业生产值减少约10%水平;且政策实施时间越久,这种抑制性效应越强。异质性分析表明:国家重点生态功能区设立对于东部区域工业经济发展的抑制效应最强,西部区域的效应最弱。另外,国家重点生态功能区制度主要通过抑制城镇化水平与人口集聚水平对工业经济发展产生一定阻力作用。

高新区建设与制造业技术创新——基于区域异质性视角的实证检验

本文考察国家级高新区建设对制造业技术创新的影响效应的区域异质性,进而判断高新区是否异化以及在多大范围内异化为工业园区。研究结果表明:从全局效应而言,高新区的设立推动了制造业的技术创新水平,即高新区没有异化为工业园区。高新区对制造业技术创新的影响存在着区域异质性,设立高新区的政策对东部地区制造业技术创新水平的促进作用较为显著,该政策仅推动中部地区制造业技术创新的质量,但是对于西部地区和东北部地区而言,该政策并没有推动区域内的制造业技术创新,即西部地区以及东北地区的高新区异化为了工业园区。与中小型城市相比,高新区对中国大型城市的制造业技术创新水平的作用较为显著。虽然总体而言高新区促进了制造业技术创新的水平,但是该政策仅促进了低技术密集度制造业的技术创新。基于调节效应的机制检验,本文认为高新区通过集聚人力资本以及集聚生产性服务业等渠道推动制造业技术创新的数量。

国家级承接产业转移示范区设立能促进绿色发展吗

绿色发展是新发展理念的关键一环,是实现高质量发展的必由之路,而产业转移对绿色发展的影响尚不明晰。基于2000—2020年中国288个地级市面板数据,运用渐进双重差分法实证分析国家级承接产业转移示范区设立对城市绿色发展的影响。结果表明,国家级承接产业转移示范区设立对城市绿色发展水平提升有显著促进作用,且该政策效应随着时间推移越来越强。分位数回归表明,国家级承接产业转移示范区对绿色发展的促进作用呈边际效用递减规律,即该政策效应在绿色发展水平较低的城市中更加显著,而在绿色发展水平较高的城市中较弱。调节效应分析表明,产业结构合理化和高级化能够正向调节国家级承接产业转移示范区的绿色发展效应。结论有助于丰富绿色发展的影响因素研究,厘清承接产业转移对当地绿色发展水平的影响,有利于以产业转移为抓手释放城市绿色发展效应,进一步实现绿色高质量发展。

新型工业化在国家级经济技术开发区阶段式外向型演化路径——以天津经济技术开发区为例

新型工业化在国家级经济技术开发区(以下简称“国家级经开区”)发展中具有重要的意义。本文以天津经济技术开发区(以下简称“天津经开区”)为案例,论述了新型工业化在国家级经开区具有阶段式和外向型的演化特征,分析总结出国家新型工业化产业示范基地与国家级经开区在产业发展方面存在阶段式和外向型的耦合关系,通过外商及港澳台商投资企业为新型工业化在国家级经开区的实现发挥重要支撑作用,探索了对外合作、开放创新模式对于新型工业化在国家级经开区推动过程中的促进作用。

开发区再开发路径研究--以南京高新区为例

开发区建成区的再开发是促进我国城市空间的集约利用和建设低碳城市的一条重要途径。论文从当前开发区转型发展的背景出发．立足我国东部沿海地区的开发区再开发实践．提出产业优化提升、功能转型升级，空间集约利用及建筑改造再利用等是实现开发区再开发的有效途径并对上述不同的再开发途径的开发机制与策略进行了简要分析。最后以南京高新区为例，对其再开发实践进行了总结，对下一步再开发的方向进行了展望。

地理国情普查成果应用实践与探索

分析了地理国情普查和监测的内涵、意义及其成果、产品,并针对当前的热点问题,对地理国情普查成果的应用进行了探索,为确立测绘地理信息部门新的发展方向奠定了良好的研究基础。

源于区位与城市政治级别差异的经营效率及创新效率背反——基于SBM模型的我国国家级高新区效率解构

利用非径向、非角度的SBM测量了我国54个国家级高新区2007-2011年的经营效率和创新效率,研究发现高新区的经营效率与创新效率在区位和所处城市级别上存在背反。通过Tobit回归分析发现经营效率与贸易开放度和企业规模正相关,与工资水平负相关;创新效率与基础设施、工资和高等院校数量正相关,与企业规模和科技研发强度负相关。

张江国家自主创新示范区产业结构及空间联系优化研究

张江国家自主创新示范区是上海实施创新驱动发展战略,建设全球有影响力科创中心的重要抓手。应用产业结构相似度和修正引力模型等研究方法,从微观企业视角对张江示范区22个分园的产业结构特征和空间经济联系格局进行刻画与分析,结果发现:①张江示范区22个分园产业结构差异明显,第二、三产业呈现出典型的"核心-边缘"空间布局形态,分园间产业同构程度总体较弱;②张江示范区各分园区空间联系呈现显著的空间分异特征,以空间弱联系和一般联系为主导,较强联系和强联系数量较少;③张江示范区已形成"一主(核心园)"、"三副(杨浦园、闵行园、金桥园)"为核心的空间经济联系格局,而奉贤园、临港园、世博园、静安园、崇明园在整体空间联系网络格局中处于边缘地位。促进作为多中心创新区域示范区协同发展,需要聚焦战略性新兴产业,提高园区之间的产业结构相似度,打造示范区高新技术产业体系和创新集群;聚焦边缘性分园发展,优化示范区空间网络结构;着力强化沪西南创新带的互动联系,对接杭州科创大走廊,促进长三角创新创业一体化发展。