An Analysis of the Current Situation and Causes of the Journals of Colleges and Universities for Nationalities

The Journal of national colleges and universities is the window of teaching and scientific research.Only by improving the quality of the journal can we better serve the teaching and scientific research of the journal.Therefore,this paper tries to find out the causes of the problems from the management system,the academic status,the source of manuscripts and the editors themselves,so as to improve the quality of the journals.

An Empirical Study of the Socratic Method in Nongraded English Teaching in Senior High School Under the Background of the New National College Entrance Examination

With the reform of the New National College Entrance Examination(Gaokao),the nongraded education will become an inevitable trend.In senior high school,the traditional test-oriented education is popular.The knowledge is mainly taught by the teachers,and the students passively absorb it.This study examines a problem-oriented Socratic experiment in nongraded English teaching in senior high school.The teachers seek output from students,who respond by interpreting questions,fostering critical thinking,and enhancing problem-solving skills.This teaching experiment indicates that the Socratic method has a significant positive effect on cultivating nongraded senior high English students’critical thinking under the New National College Entrance Examination.

Impact of pre- and peri-operative risk factors on length of stay and hospital readmission following minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy

Objective:We conducted an analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy cases reported with the goal to identify pre-and peri-operative variables associated with length of stay(LOS)greater than 3 days and readmission within 30 days.Methods:Records from 2008 to 2018 for“laparoscopy,surgical;partial nephrectomy”for prolonged LOS and readmission cohorts were compiled.Univariate analysis with Chi-square,t-tests,and multivariable logistic regression analysis with odds ratios(ORs),p-values,and 95%confidence intervals assessed statistical associations.Results:Totally,20306 records for LOS greater than 3 days and 15854 for readmission within 30 days were available.Univariate and multivariable analysis exhibited similar results.For LOS greater than 3 days,undergoing non-elective surgery(OR=5.247),transfusion of greater than four units within 72 h prior to surgery(OR=5.072),pre-operative renal failure or dialysis(OR=2.941),and poor pre-operative functional status(OR=2.540)exhibited the strongest statistically significant associations.For hospital readmission within 30 days,loss in body weight greater than 10%in 6 months prior to surgery(OR=2.227)and bleeding disorders(OR=2.081)exhibited strongest statistically significant associations.Conclusion:Multiple pre-and peri-operative risk factors are independently associated with prolonged LOS and hospital readmission within 30 days of surgery using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data.Recognizing the risks factors that can potentially be improved prior to minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy is crucial to informing patient selection,optimization strategies,and patient education.

China National College Entrance Examination brings New Changes to High Schools

China National College Entrance Examination(NCEE)reform originates from the thirst for innovative talents in China's economic development.In the past,the NCEE only focused on the level of students'admission to the school without paying attention to students'personal preferences,which led to many people not interested in their major and caused a waste of human resources.The new NCEE gives students an early start in thinking about their college majors and future careers.The new NCEE directly bring about a series of new changes in high schools.

The School Reform Under the Background of the New National College Entrance Examination Reform

Since the promulgation of the new plan for the national college entrance examination reform in 2014,all provinces have been gradually promoting the new college entrance examination reform.In this context,schools are actively carrying out various reforms to improve the quality of education and teaching.However,can school reform only aim at the national college entrance examination?Facing the new national college entrance examination reform,what can schools do?

Em Algorithm of the Truncated Multinormal Distribution with Linear Restriction on the Variables

A new expectation-maximization（EM） algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters of the truncated multinormal distribution with linear restriction on the variables. Compared with the generalized method of moments（GMM） estimation and the maximum likelihood estimation（MLE） for the truncated multivariate normal distribution, the EM algorithm features in fast calculation and high accuracy which are shown in the simulation results. For the real data of the national college entrance exams（NCEE）, we estimate the distribution of the NCEE examinees＇ scores in Anhui, 2003, who were admitted to the university of science and technology of China（USTC）. Based on our analysis, we have also given the ratio truncated by the NCEE admission line of USTC in Anhui, 2003.

On the Genesis of Zhongshu Qian’s Fortress Besieged

Significant portions of Zhongshu Qian’s classic twentieth century novel,Fortress Besieged,are closely correlated with Hunan.This article explores the connections between the novel and Qian’s experiences in National Hunan Normal College(NHNC),later to become Hunan Normal University(HNNU).More than one third of Fortress Besieged describes the experiences of its main character,Hongjang Fang,at the fictional SanlüUniversity.This article argues that Qian’s time at NHNC had formative impact on Fortress Besieged,in which four pivotal chapters are fictionalized versions of his actual encounters in Hunan.Drawing on archival documents,this article analyzes the novel to determine the relative levels of historical veracity versus imaginative recreations.The ultimate goal is to demonstrate where depictions are realistic or fantastic,and the ways in which Fortress Besieged and NHNC become mutually constitutive reflections of each other.

Will Alternative Enrollment JMethods Lower the Fairness of the National College Entrance Exam?

Jiang Fangzhou has ink in her veins.She published her first book at 9, and waselected chairwoman of China’s YouthWriters Association at middle school. Nowshe has scaled even more dizzy heights bybeing admitted to the prestigious

Does China＇s National College Entrance Exam Effectively Evaluate Applicants？

Based on micro-level student data from one Chinese academic institution, we study the validity of the national college entrance exam from the perspective of student performance in college and employment prospects after graduation. We find that the current college entrance exam could reflect the students＇ learning ability to a certain degree, providing a relatively valid evaluation. Demonstration of well-rounded development ability should be an important factor in the evaluation system. Based on our empirical results, we give some suggestions for college entrance exam reform.

INVESTIGATION ON MYOPIA RATE OF STUDENTS IN MINHANG DISTRICT OF SHANGHAI

ObjectiveTo investigate the myopia rate of students in Minhang District of Shanghai and to take effective measures in preventing and controlling myopia. MethodsA total of 5 809 students (2 904 boys and 2 905 girls) from 41 schools (29 middle schools and 12 high schools) who were going to take National College Entrance Examination of China (NCEE) and High School Entrance Examination of Shanghai (HSEE) in 2012 in Minhang District were included in this investigation. The eyesight data of the students, including myopia rates, the disturbing of myopia degree, the differences of myopia rate between different schools, the relationship between the myopia rate and sex, and the relationship between myopia rate and right or left eye, were analyzed. ResultsMyopia was found in 80.3% of the total students. The rate of myopia in high school was 84.0% (90.2% in key high school and 85.1% in general high school with significant difference between them). The rate of myopia in middle school was 78.2% (78.5% in key middle school and 77.9% in general high school without significant difference between them). The myopia rate of high school was higher than that of middle school (P<0.001). In high school, the myopia rate of girls (86.8%) was higher than that of boys (80.8%) (P<0.001). Among all students, the right eyesight (4.361) was lower than the left (4.389) (P<0.001). ConclusionThere is a poor situation in the eyesight of middle school students. The government should take effective measures to publicize the importance of the eyesight health. The education departments and the hospitals must establish the termly examination to decrease the occurrence rate of myopia.

Who Will Be the First College Student of De'ang Nationality?

"DE’ANG" means the "people with noble characters on the mountains". This name with its strong cultural taste is a reminder of the history of the De’ang. Long ago De’ang people preferred to settle on the hillside, probably to escape war or the prevailing plague. The De’ang villages are usually surrounded by big