Comparison of Behavioral Characteristics between Korean Native Chickens and Commercial Broilers

Commercial broilers （CB） have been generally reared in Korea; however, Korean native chicken （KNC） is also bred for meat production. This study was performed to evaluate the behavioral characteristics of Korean native chickens （Han-hyup） and commercial broilers （Ross 308）. In the study, KNC and CB were separately housed in 4 pens （30 birds/pen）, so there were two replicates for each treatment. Chickens were observed by video recording throughout the 8 weeks growth period for 12 hours each day. The time spent （standing, sitting, and walking） and frequencies （drinking, feeding, preening, dust-bathing, flapping, aggressive pecking, and ground pecking） of chicken＇s behavior were evaluated. Behavior was compared between the earlier period （1 to 4 weeks） and the later one （5 to 8 weeks） to know the changes in each behavior as they matured. Results showed that more time was spent on standing by KNC than CB. On the contrary, time spent for sitting behavior was less in KNC. The frequencies of most behaviors in KNC were higher than CB in the earlier period except feeding and dust-bathing. The greatest decreasing behavior as they matured was walking in both treatments, and a large number of commercial broilers did not walk, but instead rested as days passed. Feeding behavior of CB was more frequent in the earlier stage, but gradually reversed in the later period. The active behaviors such as fe, eding, preening, pecking, flapping and aggressive pecking in the KNC group were higher than the CB group, declining as time passed in both treatments; except dust-bathing that showed opposite pattern. These results were showed that KNC are much more active compared to CB, especially for walking, preening and pecking behavior. This may conclude that they may have fewer tendencies to develop potential health problems like dermatitis or even disease like sudden death syndrome.

Selection Progress of Wannan Native Chicken's Fast and Slow Feathering Lines

[Objective]This experiment aimed to establish fast and slow feathering lines from purified and rejuvenated core breeding flock. [Method] Individual and family selection were used for continuous selection from zero to the second generation. [Result]The results showed that in the fast feathering line,the average weight gain was improved by 108. 34 g per generation in roosters at the age of 20 weeks while a 54. 5 g increase was got per generation in hens. Hen housed egg production was increased from 150 to 170 at the age of 66 weeks,and the healthy rate of chicken flock was raised by 0. 7 percent. In the slow feathering line,the average weight gain was increased by 156. 6g per generation in roosters while a 38. 9 g increase was got per generation in hens,and the hen housed egg production was increased from 158 to 179 at the age of 66 weeks. [Conclusion] This research had a great significance in increasing native chicken＇s production performance and developing its market competitiveness.

Problems and Countermeasures in Wumeng Native Chicken Industry

Wumeng native chicken （Wumeng silky chicken and Weining chicken） grow mainly in Wumeng mountainous area of Yunnan-Guizhou plateau. Wu- meng silky chicken is featured by strong stress resistance, delicious meat, abundant essential restrictive amino acids and trace elements for human body （ zinc, sele- nium, etc. ）, with high medicinal and health value. Weining chicken is characterized by early sexual maturity, uniform distribution of intramuscular fat, small mus- cle fiber, tender and delicious meat, resistance to cold and forage, which is an excellent local chicken breed for development of modern, efficient, mountainous eco- logical animal husbandry in Bijie area. The existing problems in industrialization development and utilization of Wumeng native chicken are discussed, and the cor- responding countermeasures are put forward

Effect of Fermented Shrimp Waste Level in Feed on Biological Value on Native Chicken

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect and obtain the level of use of fermented shrimp waste in the feed that produces the best biological value in native chickens.The study used 125 one-day-old chickens(DOC)placed in 25 cages randomly,containing five chickens reared for eight weeks.The study used experimental methods,and the experimental design used was a completely randomized design with five types of treatment,namely,feed without the use of fermented shrimp waste(R0),feed containing 5%fermented shrimp waste(R1),feed containing 10%fermented shrimp waste(R2),feed containing 15%fermented shrimp waste(R3),and feed containing 20%fermented shrimp waste(R4),each treatment was repeated five times.The observed variables were absorbed nitrogen,nitrogen stored in the body,and biological value.Data were analysed using ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Distance Test.The results showed that the use of fermented shrimp waste at a level of 20%in feed resulted in the best biological value in native chickens.

Cluster Analysis of Laying Performance and Production Area Ecology of 11 kinds of Chicken

[ Objective] The aim was to explore the classification basis of Chinese local chicken for providing theoretical basis of giving full play to the genetic potential, heterosis, new ideas and methods of new varieties and strains breeding, identification and evaluation. [ Method] The multivariate statistical analysis of laying performance and production area ecology of 11 kind of chicken was done by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. E]Result] The cluster analysis of 4 egg laying performance indexs indicated that 11 kinds of chicken can be roughly classified into large chicken and small chicken; 10 indexs of multivariate statistical analysis indicated that 11 kinds of chicken can be classified into high altitude type and low altitude type when first 3 eigenvalues were selected as 3 principal component by principal component analysis（ 94.99% of the total amount of information）, and similarity coefficient was computed according to first three principal component values of each kind and then cluster analysis was done with nearest neighbor way. [ Conclusion] Ecological factor was also an important aspect of assortment.