Adsorption behaviour of Eu(Ⅲ) on natural bamboo fibres: effects of pH, humic acid, contact time, and temperature

To study the adsorption properties of organic functional groups in plant fibres and identify a highly efficient and affordable adsorbent for radioactive wastewater treatment,natural bamboo fibre(NBF)samples were prepared,and the adsorption properties of Eu(Ⅲ)on NBFs were studied under given experimental conditions.The effects of the pH,solid-to-liquid ratio,background ions,humic acid,contact time,and temperature on the adsorption behaviour of Eu(Ⅲ)on NBFs were investigated.Adsorption was greatly influenced by pH,and the adsorption curves presented two inflection points at pH≈7 and pH≈11.Moreover,while the ionic strength presented a negative effect at pH<7,the high ionic strength favoured adsorption at pH>7.During adsorption on NBFs,the–OH,C–H,O–H,C–O,and C=O were the main adsorption groups.Hydrolysis occurring on the NBF surface caused the adsorption process to become increasingly difficult at pH>7.The maximum adsorption capacity of NBFs was 147.6 mg/g at 308 K,and the adsorption could be described using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The adsorption of Eu(Ⅲ)on NBFs was a spontaneous and endothermic process according to the thermodynamic parameters of the process,and the adsorption thermodynamics could be well described using the Freundlich adsorption model.Therefore,NBFs were determined to be an efficient,inexpensive,and easily disposable sewage treatment material.

Wearability of Copper Ion Complex Bamboo Pulp Knitted Fabrics with Chitosan Pretreatment

Wearability is one of important factors for the textile product quality. The wearability of bamboo pulp knitted fabrics was mainly discussed which were treated with chitosan and cupper ammonia solution. Tensile and bursting properties, abrasion resistance,drapability,air permeability,moisture-penetrability and warmth retention properties of fabrics were tested to investigate the changes. The results showed that chitosan pretreatment improved the tensile and bursting strengths,abrasion resistance and moisture penetrability,but decreased the drapability and air permeability.Copper ammonia solution treatments decreased the tensile and bursting strengths,abrasion resistance and air permeability,but increased the drapability, moisture penetrability and warmth retention properties.

Preparation and Characterization of Natural Bamboo Fiber

In this study,natural bamboo fiber was prepared combining chemical pretreatment with mechanical disc refining,opening,and carding.An orthogonal experiment was designed based on four factors and three levels;thereafter,the manufacturing process was optimized.The length,diameter,tensile strength,and elastic modulus of the bamboo fiber were determined,and the crystallinity and morphology of the fiber were analyzed using X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that the optimum parameters for the chemical pretreatment were a cooking temperature of 130℃,heating time of 2 h,NaOH dosage of 2%,and Na2SO3 dosage of 10%.The cooking yield of bamboo chips was 89.5%,and the carding yield of natural bamboo fiber was 43.0% under the optimum conditions.The length,diameter,tensile strength,and elastic modulus of the obtained fiber were 36.71 mm,0.285 mm,407 MPa,and 27.7 GPa,respectively.XRD analysis and SEM observations showed that the technology used in this study can produce bright and compact natural bamboo fibers with high crystallinity.

Matching Dyeing and Properties of Silk Fabrics with Natural Edible Pigments

The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that their compatibilities were excellent in the dyeing process:dye dosage 2.5%(omf),mordant alum dosage 2.0%(omf),dyeing temperature 80℃and dyeing time 40 min.The silk fabrics dyed with secondary colors exhibited vibrant and vivid color owing to the remarkable lightness and chroma of ginger yellow.However,gardenia blue exhibited multiple absorption peaks in the visible light range,resulting in significantly lower lightness and chroma for the silk fabrics dyed with tertiary colors,thus making it suitable only for matte-colored fabrics with low chroma levels.In addition,the silk fabrics dyed with these three pigments had a color fastness that exceeded grade 3 in resistance to perspiration,soap washing and light exposure,indicating acceptable wearing properties.The dyeing process described in this research exhibited a wide range of potential applications in matching dyeing of protein-based textiles with natural colorants.

The effect of atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma treatment on the dyeing properties of silk fabric

In this study,the effects of plasma treatment parameters on surface morphology,chemical constituent,dycabiliiy and color fastness of silk fabric were investigated.Atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma generated with different applied voltages(0 kV to 45 kV)was used to treat the surface of silk fabrics.C I Natural Yellow 3 was used to dye untreated and plasma-treated silk fabrics.The physical analysis based on scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of silk fabrics was affected by plasma treatment.The chemical analysis was investigated with x-ray photi>elcctron spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the content of C Is decreased with the increasing applied voltage,the content of N Is and O Is increased with the increasing applied voltage.The increasing K/S values represented that the dyeability of silk fabrics was improved after plasma treatment.The color fastness to dry and wet rubbing was decreased after plasma treatment.

Hangzhou Kelida Fabric Products Co.,Ltd

Hangzhou Kelida Fabric Products Co.,Ltd is located in Yuhang RenHe , a cradle of Liangzhu Culture. Developed from Hangzhou Kelida Textile Mill Co.,Ltd , and as the National Fabric developing base, Kelida has imported more than 70 SMITG6300S360 jacquard looms from Italy, and STAWBLI2688

Genetic Types of Meter-Scale Cyclic Sequences and Fabric Natures of Facies Succession

Different genetic types of meter-scale cyclic sequences in stratigraphic records result from episodic accumulation of strata related to Milankovitch cycles. The distinctive fabric natures of facies succession result from the sedimentation governed by different sediment sources and sedimentary dynamic conditions in different paleogeographical backgrounds, corresponding to high-frequency sea-level changes. Naturally, this is the fundamental criterion for the classification of genetic types of meter-scale cyclic sequences. The widespread development in stratigraphic records and the regular vertical stacking patterns in long-term sequences, the evolution characters of earth history and the genetic types reflected by specific fabric natures of facies successions in different paleogeographical settings, all that show meter-scale cyclic sequences are not only the elementary working units in stratigraphy and sedimentology, but also the replenishment and extension of parasequence of sequence stratigraphy. Two genetic kinds of facies succession for meter-scale cyclic sequence in neritic-facies strata of carbonate and clastic rocks, are normal grading succession mainly formed by tidal sedimentation and inverse grading succession chiefly made by wave sedimentation, and both of them constitute generally shallowing upward succession, the thickness of which ranges from several tens of centimeters to several meters. The classification of genetic types of meter-scale cyclic sequence could be made in terms of the fabric natures of facies succession, and carbonate meter-scale cyclic sequences could be divided into four types: L-M type, deep-water asymmetrical type, subtidal type and peritidal type. Clastic meter-scale cyclic sequences could be grouped into two types: tidal-dynamic type and wave-dynamic type. The boundaries of meter-scale cyclic sequences are marked by instantaneous punctuated surface formed by non-deposition resulting from high-frequency level changes, which include instantaneous exposed punctuated surface, drowned punctuated surface as well as their relative surface. The development of instantaneous punctuated surface used as the boundary of meter-scale cyclic sequence brings about the limitations of Walter's Law on the explanation of facies distribution in time and space, and reaffirm the importance of Sander's Rule on analysis of stratigraphic records. These non-continuous surface could be traced for long distance and some could be correlative within same basin range. The study of meter-scale cyclic sequences and their regularly vertical stacking patterns in long-term sequences indicate that the research into cyclicity of stratigraphic records is a useful way to get more regularity from stratigraphic records that are frequently complex as well as non-integrated.

A STUDY ON THE RAW MATERIAL, STRUCTURE AND WEAVING INSTRUMENTS OF FABRICS BEFORE THE WEST ZHOU DYNASTY

In this paper, based on literature of relics of typical fabrics before the West Zhou unearthed in China till now, the weaving technology, including the raw material, the fabic structure, and the weaving instruments of that period was synthetically studied. The wooden loom parts unearthed in the Hemudu ruin, Zhejiang Prov. were studied with reference to the inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells as well as the characters casted on bronze objects, denoting the weaving instruments of pre-Zhou pcriod. The results show that, all the main natural fibres were utilized, all simple and combined weaves except the satin weave had appeared, and the weaving instruments might include the ground loom with 3 or 4 points support, besides the breast loom already reported.

Evaluation on Heat Transferring Performance of Fabric Heat Sink by Finite Element Modeling

Considering the limitation in current manufacturing technology of commercial pin fin heat sinks,a new fabric heat sink has been designed. However,it is lack of an understanding of the heat transferring performance of this new kind of heat sink. In this study,the finite element method (FEM) was used to predict the heat transferring performance of fabric heat sink under the condition of natural convection and forced convection, and its heat transferring performance was compared with that of pin fin heat sink. The results showed that in the condition of natural convection the heat transferring performance of pin fin heat sink was better than that of fabric heat sink, and vice versa under the forced convection condition.

Analysis of Transverse Vibration of a Longitudinally Moving Fabric

Fabric moves along running direction continuously in the processing of weaving,dyeing and finishing and its dynamic behavior is very complex.Running at a high speed,the fabric vibrates,which has great influence not only on the performance of machine,but also on the fabric itself.Analysis of transverse free vibration of a longitudinally moving fabric is put forward in this paper and the calculating formula of natural frequencies of the fabric is introduced accordingly.Meanwhile the effects of several parameters on the first order natural frequency are also discussed.

福建龙栖山自然保护区竹类植物资源调查

根据野外调查和标本采集,并结合查阅文献,对福建龙栖山自然保护区的竹类植物资源多样性与分布进行调查分析。结果表明,该保护区竹类植物共有7属20种(含变型),其中新分布种2种;自然分布状况分析表明复轴型及单轴型竹种为自然分布优势类群。

保健衬衫面料的设计与生产

通过市场调研,在分析各种纺织纤维性能的基础上,选择大豆蛋白与棉纤维混纺经纱、竹纤维纬纱作为原料,设计一款保健、滑爽、透气的衬衫面料;介绍络筒、整经、浆纱、织造等工序的生产工艺参数,在实际生产中取得良好的效果。织机运转效率达到94.4%,下机一等品率达到76.3%,入库一等品率达到99.6%。实践证明:竹纤维良好的抗菌功能和大豆蛋白纤维良好的保健功能是保健衬衫面料设计的关键;合理设计织物紧度和织物组织是保证织物风格的前提;批量生产是新面料市场化的根本保证。

姜黄素与木犀草素对蚕丝的拼色及功能改性

从姜黄中提取天然多酚类姜黄素化合物作为色素,对提取物进行结构鉴定和表征,并将其与木犀草素拼染,探讨了拼染的协同效应与机理。结果表明:姜黄提取物的主要成分为姜黄素类化合物;将其与木犀草素拼混对蚕丝织物进行染色,可呈现出与直接染色不同的黄色色泽;拼染蚕丝织物的各项色牢度可达3级以上;抗氧化、抗紫外和抑菌性能均有明显提升。1%(omf)姜黄素类化合物和2%(omf)木犀草素拼色染色的蚕丝织物抗氧化性达90%以上,UPF值为191.44,抑菌带宽度为0.45 cm以上。

聚多巴胺/壳聚糖改性棉织物的茶色素染色及其抗菌和防紫外线性能

为提高棉织物的天然色素染色性和多功能性,利用CuSO_(4)/H_(2)O_(2)氧化体系下多巴胺(DA)在织物表面快速聚合沉积后,采用壳聚糖(CS)整理制备聚多巴胺/壳聚糖(PDA/CS)改性棉织物,再用茶色素对其进行染色处理。探究了DA快速聚合沉积过程中各因素对改性棉织物染色性能的影响,得到较佳工艺条件:CuSO_(4)浓度为3 mmol/L,DA质量浓度为2.0 mg/mL,H_(2)O_(2)浓度为13 mmol/L,沉积时间为2 h。在此条件下,PDA/CS改性棉织物染色后的K/S值达到6.21。研究结果表明:CuSO_(4)/H_(2)O_(2)氧化体系下DA在棉织物表面形成PDA层,可与CS产生氢键作用在织物表面均匀成膜;茶色素染色PDA/CS改性棉织物的耐摩擦色牢度、耐皂洗色牢度(沾色)和耐人造光色牢度均达到4级及以上;PDA/CS改性织物染色后的UPF值为312,对金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠杆菌的抑菌率达到90%以上,具备抗菌和防紫外线的双重功效。

竹炭密度测定方法研究

采用排液法、振实法和自然堆积法3种方法测定竹炭密度,探究不同测定方法对试样规格、测试参数的要求及其对测试结果精确度的影响。结果表明:用排液法测试颗粒状竹炭密度时,测试介质宜选用液体石蜡,且机械窑竹炭的密度测定结果精确度更高,标准差为0.047 g·cm^(-3);用振实法测试粉末状竹炭密度时,选择振动频率200 r·min^(-1)、振动次数1000次、试样规格180目的参数条件下测定结果精确度最高,标准差为0.0032 g·cm^(-3);使用自然堆积法测定颗粒状竹炭密度时设定高度差3 cm时的测定结果精确度最高,标准差为0.00095 g·cm^(-3),测定粉末状竹炭密度时选择试样规格60目,下落高度5 cm时的测定结果精确度最高,标准差为0.00014 g·cm^(-3)。

响应面法优化低浴比栀子蓝色素上染桑蚕丝工艺

为深入探究天然栀子蓝色素在染色加工中的应用,利用超声波技术辅助桑蚕丝织物直接染色,结合单因素变量试验法和响应面法优化并确定最佳染色工艺。结果表明,当超声波功率120 W,pH值3,染色温度50℃,染色时间50 min,染色浴比1∶20时,天然栀子蓝色素对桑蚕丝织物染色效果最佳,且耐摩擦色牢度较好,耐水洗和耐汗渍变色色牢度达到4级,棉沾色色牢度为3级,符合纺织品合格标准。对优化后染色条件进行验证,染色织物K/S值实际值与预测值相对误差为4.55%,该响应面试验预测有95.45%的可信度。

影响植物蒸染转印染着色因素实验研究

植物转印染拥有古老而深厚的历史文化底蕴,其工艺过程不会产生污染物质,属于绿色环保的染整技术,符合当下大环境的政策要求和市场需求。为了提高植物转印染的品质与效率,进而拓展其在纺织产品中的应用,探索其在织物上的染色效果是一个重要的研究课题。文章通过系列的变量实验分析出不同因素对植物蒸染转印染着色效果所造成的影响,得出科学的一般结论,可直接应用于后期更深层次的植物蒸染转印染研究与应用中。

竹浆纤维织物的漆酶催化五倍子染色

为解决植物染料对竹浆纤维织物染色性能差的问题,采用漆酶催化五倍子染料生成有色化合物对竹浆纤维针织物进行染色,探究了染色工艺参数对染色效果的影响。为进一步提升染色深度和其他性能,对竹浆纤维织物进行羟丙基壳聚糖改性预处理,然后进行酶促染色。结果表明:当浴比1∶50,五倍子染料质量分数30%(omf),pH=4.5,染色温度40℃,染色时间8 h,漆酶浓度130 U/mL时,染色织物K/S值可达到7.35左右;织物经羟丙基壳聚糖改性,染色后K/S值可达10.73左右,此时织物的耐水洗性能、紫外线防护性能、抗氧化性能均有明显提高。

竹浆与油樟渣浆配抄瓦楞原纸及强度性能研究

本研究对市售本色竹浆进行筛分,利用筛分出的粒径<0.6 mm的短小纤维竹浆与蒸油后的油樟渣浆配抄瓦楞原纸。结果表明,抄纸中加入25%针叶木浆、0.5%阳离子淀粉(CS)、0.4%阳离子聚丙烯酰氨(CPAM)和1.8%聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷树脂(PAE,质量分数9.5%),短小纤维竹浆(未打浆)与油樟渣浆按质量比10∶90配抄,未经熟化处理的纸张裂断长2.66 km,环压指数5.60 N·m/g,达到了瓦楞原纸GB/T 13023—2008合格品要求;当短小纤维竹浆打浆度35.8°SR时,与油樟渣浆按照质量比30∶70配抄,并经110℃、15 min熟化处理,纸张裂断长4.75 km、环压指数8.24 N·m/g、耐破指数2.80 kPa·m^(2)/g、耐折度15次,其中裂断长和环压指数均达到瓦楞原纸GB/T 13023—2008优等品要求,耐破指数和耐折度指标均达箱纸板GB/T 13024—2016合格品要求。

黑果枸杞花色苷染色羊毛织物的热力学和动力学分析

为了实现黑果枸杞花色苷对羊毛织物的染色和功能性整理,分别使用80%乙醇/水混合溶液和蒸馏水提取黑果枸杞中的花色苷,并对2种提取液进行傅里叶红外光谱表征。用提取液对羊毛织物进行染色,并通过吸附反应模型研究黑果枸杞花色苷对羊毛织物的吸附机制。实验结果表明:黑果枸杞提取液中的主要化学成分是花色苷类化合物,不同溶剂提取的花色苷结构存在微小差别。吸附热力学和动力学的研究结果发现,黑果枸杞花色苷对羊毛织物的染色过程符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型以及准二级动力学模型。