The effects of urban remnant natural evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF) on the restoration of artificial pine forests surrounding it were studied with reference to species composition,biodiversity,dominant species a...The effects of urban remnant natural evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF) on the restoration of artificial pine forests surrounding it were studied with reference to species composition,biodiversity,dominant species and stand structure on Mt. Tieshanping in Chongqing metropolis,Southwest China. The seeds from the remnant EBLF naturally facilitate the restoration process of artificial Pinus massoniana forests near it. The similarity of species composition between the artificial Pinus massoniana forests and the remnant EBLF and biodiversity index of the artificial Pinus massoniana forests decrease as the distance from the remnant EBLF increases. Castanopsis carlesii var. spinusa is the dominant species in the ground vegetation,shrub layer and sub-tree layer of the Pinus massoniana forests near the remnant EBLF. However,the natural restoration processes of those farther away from the remnant EBLF are restricted for the absence of seed source of the inherent components of the remnant EBLF,and the anthropogenic measures should be taken to facilitate the restoration process.展开更多
The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in trees.One possible origin of ...The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in trees.One possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced leaves.However,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly documented.An experiment in a beech forest in Meuse(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period.The aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for trees.Monitoring nutrient dynamics,including resorption,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium(K)partitioning to resorption(i.e.resorption efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing season.This result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades,there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study site.Reduced foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also observed.In addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree nutrition.The calcium(Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study site.Our results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf pool can be modified by drought events,and may have consequences on tree nutrition.展开更多
Forest disturbance and recovery are critical ecosystem processes,but the temporal patterns of disturbance have not been studied in subtropical China.Using a tree-ring analysis approach,we studied post-logging above-gr...Forest disturbance and recovery are critical ecosystem processes,but the temporal patterns of disturbance have not been studied in subtropical China.Using a tree-ring analysis approach,we studied post-logging above-ground(ABG)biomass recovery dynamics over a 26-year period in four plots with different degrees of logging disturbance.Before logging,the ABG biomass ranged from 291 to 309 t ha-1.Soon after logging,the plots in primary forest,secondary forest,mixed forest and singlespecies forest had lost 33,91,90 and 100%of their initial ABG biomass,respectively.Twenty-six years after logging,the plots had regained 147,62,80 and 92%of their original ABG biomass,respectively.Over the 26 years following logging,the mean CAI(Current annual increment)were 10.1,5.5,6.4 and 10.8 t ha^-1 a^-1 and the average MAI(Mean annual increment)8.7,2.5,5.6 and 7.8 t ha^-1 a^-1 for the four forest types,respectively.The results indicate that subtropical forests subjected to moderate logging or disturbances do not require intensive management and single-species plantings can rapidly restore the above-ground biomass to levels prior to heavy logging.展开更多
从植物生态学的角度对2008年初南方冻雨冰雪灾害对典型的亚热带山地常绿阔叶林造成的损害情况做了研究。对12个优势种和亚优势种的受灾情况做了对比分析,对不同径级和不同地形因子下林木抵抗冻雨灾害的差异做了对比。统计检验结果显示...从植物生态学的角度对2008年初南方冻雨冰雪灾害对典型的亚热带山地常绿阔叶林造成的损害情况做了研究。对12个优势种和亚优势种的受灾情况做了对比分析,对不同径级和不同地形因子下林木抵抗冻雨灾害的差异做了对比。统计检验结果显示林木受损程度存在显著的种间差异、径级差异和地形级差异。优势种米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)比多数亚优势种受害更严重;各树种抗冻雨灾害能力以山茶科和樟科的种较强,而壳斗科的多个种,如米槠、栲(C.fargesii)受灾较为严重;林木的受损比例随着胸径(diameter at breast height,DBH)增加而增大;在未受灾的各级林木中,超过70%的个体集中在最小一级径阶(1-5cm)。χ2检验显示坡度、坡向、坡位等地形因子对林木受损状况有显著的影响,随着坡位上升,林木受损程度逐渐加重,上坡位的林木受损比例最大,下坡位最小,这可能与随着坡位升高,迎风面降温效果更迅速有关。对于坡向和坡度而言,位于半阳坡的林木受灾比例显著高于半阴坡,位于坡度级III(15°-25°)、IV(25°-35°)、V(35°-45°)上的林木受灾最严重。该研究结果对于亚热带常绿阔叶林的保育和应对未来可能再次发生的冰雪灾害有重要意义;同时对于森林恢复和演替、乡土阔叶树种的选育及森林经营等方面的研究和应用也有重要的参考价值。展开更多
基金Project(30700094) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (CSTC, 2008BB7187) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of CQ CSTC, China+2 种基金Project (20092x07104-003-02)supported by the National Science and Technology MinistrySubsidy from the Pro Natural Fund of Japan for 2007Research project for a sustainable development of economic and social structure dependent on the environment of the eastern coast of Asia from Tokyo University of Information
文摘The effects of urban remnant natural evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF) on the restoration of artificial pine forests surrounding it were studied with reference to species composition,biodiversity,dominant species and stand structure on Mt. Tieshanping in Chongqing metropolis,Southwest China. The seeds from the remnant EBLF naturally facilitate the restoration process of artificial Pinus massoniana forests near it. The similarity of species composition between the artificial Pinus massoniana forests and the remnant EBLF and biodiversity index of the artificial Pinus massoniana forests decrease as the distance from the remnant EBLF increases. Castanopsis carlesii var. spinusa is the dominant species in the ground vegetation,shrub layer and sub-tree layer of the Pinus massoniana forests near the remnant EBLF. However,the natural restoration processes of those farther away from the remnant EBLF are restricted for the absence of seed source of the inherent components of the remnant EBLF,and the anthropogenic measures should be taken to facilitate the restoration process.
基金supported by the Lorraine University of Excellence via the DEEPSURF project(ANR 70315-IDEX-04-LUE)。
文摘The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in trees.One possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced leaves.However,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly documented.An experiment in a beech forest in Meuse(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period.The aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for trees.Monitoring nutrient dynamics,including resorption,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium(K)partitioning to resorption(i.e.resorption efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing season.This result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades,there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study site.Reduced foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also observed.In addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree nutrition.The calcium(Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study site.Our results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf pool can be modified by drought events,and may have consequences on tree nutrition.
文摘Forest disturbance and recovery are critical ecosystem processes,but the temporal patterns of disturbance have not been studied in subtropical China.Using a tree-ring analysis approach,we studied post-logging above-ground(ABG)biomass recovery dynamics over a 26-year period in four plots with different degrees of logging disturbance.Before logging,the ABG biomass ranged from 291 to 309 t ha-1.Soon after logging,the plots in primary forest,secondary forest,mixed forest and singlespecies forest had lost 33,91,90 and 100%of their initial ABG biomass,respectively.Twenty-six years after logging,the plots had regained 147,62,80 and 92%of their original ABG biomass,respectively.Over the 26 years following logging,the mean CAI(Current annual increment)were 10.1,5.5,6.4 and 10.8 t ha^-1 a^-1 and the average MAI(Mean annual increment)8.7,2.5,5.6 and 7.8 t ha^-1 a^-1 for the four forest types,respectively.The results indicate that subtropical forests subjected to moderate logging or disturbances do not require intensive management and single-species plantings can rapidly restore the above-ground biomass to levels prior to heavy logging.
文摘从植物生态学的角度对2008年初南方冻雨冰雪灾害对典型的亚热带山地常绿阔叶林造成的损害情况做了研究。对12个优势种和亚优势种的受灾情况做了对比分析,对不同径级和不同地形因子下林木抵抗冻雨灾害的差异做了对比。统计检验结果显示林木受损程度存在显著的种间差异、径级差异和地形级差异。优势种米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)比多数亚优势种受害更严重;各树种抗冻雨灾害能力以山茶科和樟科的种较强,而壳斗科的多个种,如米槠、栲(C.fargesii)受灾较为严重;林木的受损比例随着胸径(diameter at breast height,DBH)增加而增大;在未受灾的各级林木中,超过70%的个体集中在最小一级径阶(1-5cm)。χ2检验显示坡度、坡向、坡位等地形因子对林木受损状况有显著的影响,随着坡位上升,林木受损程度逐渐加重,上坡位的林木受损比例最大,下坡位最小,这可能与随着坡位升高,迎风面降温效果更迅速有关。对于坡向和坡度而言,位于半阳坡的林木受灾比例显著高于半阴坡,位于坡度级III(15°-25°)、IV(25°-35°)、V(35°-45°)上的林木受灾最严重。该研究结果对于亚热带常绿阔叶林的保育和应对未来可能再次发生的冰雪灾害有重要意义;同时对于森林恢复和演替、乡土阔叶树种的选育及森林经营等方面的研究和应用也有重要的参考价值。
