A Song for Women: Return of Human Spiritual Ecology——Rereading The Scarlet Letter

The Scarlet Letter is one of the great works by Nathaniel Hawthorne, who is considered as one of the greatest American novelists in 19th century. This paper concentrates on the patriarchal oppression of women and nature and analyses the interconnection between women and nature, exposing the crisis of natural and human spiritual ecology in order to search for the return of human nature.

Evaluation of Natural Ecological Environment in Guangzhou City Based on Remote Sensing Technology and Comprehensive Index Method

Based on the ETM remote sensing images of Guangzhou City in 2014, the spatial distribution results o f three environmental factors including vegetation coverage(NDVI), soil index(vegetation index of bare soil) and sl ope were obtained. By using comprehensive index method, the normalized environmental factors were weighted and superimposed, and the fi nal evaluation results of ecological environment in Guangzhou City were obtained. The results showed that overall situation of natural ecological environment in Guangzhou was not optimistic, that is, the area of land with bad, moderate, good and superior environment accounted for 59.70%, 35.79%, 4.50% and around 0.01% of total area of land in Guangzhou City respectively. Ecological environment was generally poor in the central urban districts in the south of Guangzhou City, while it was relatively better in the north and northeast. Attaching importance to the constr uction of greenbelts and greenways is an effective way to improve regional environmental quality and natural ecological e nvironment level.

The Interpretation of Lawrence’s Poetry from the Perspective of Ecocriticism Theory

Based on ecocriticism theory,this paper is to conduct a comprehensive discussion of Lawrence’s poetry from three aspects:natural ecology,social ecology and spiritual ecology,to explore the profound ecological philosophical implications contained in Lawrence’s poetry,and to expand the breadth and depth of the ecocriticism interpretation of Lowe’s poetry research.

Ecological Economic Analysis of the Ecological Turn in the Development of Modern Civilization

During the primitive civilization and agricultural civilization periods,the functions and structures of various elements within the ecological and economic system were able to develop synergistically.But humans were always passive in the face of nature and cannot yet break free from its constraints and oppression.During the period of industrial civilization,the contradiction between the unlimited expansion of economic system demand and the relative reduction of ecosystem supply became increasingly severe.Its development model had obvious non ecological economic characteristics,which posed a great threat to the sustainable development of human society.The ecological turn in the development of human civilization is an inevitable trend,and the gradual replacement of industrial civilization by ecological civilization will become an objective fact.Ecological civilization has overcome the non ecological economic nature of industrial civilization and established an ecological economic operation mode that promotes and transforms economic and ecological systems in both directions.It has achieved a perfect combination of ecological operation of social and economic systems and economic operation of natural ecosystems,and harmonious,coordinated,and win-win development of economic society and natural ecology.

Harmonization and Unification: Ecological View of Nature in Wordworth's Poem——Taking “Nutting” for Example

William Wordsworth,as the representative poet of the romanticism,plays an important role in the history of the EnglishLiterature and is considered an ecological poet.He pursues the harmonious and unified relationship with man and nature,and con-tributes to the development process of the social.Taking the poem"Nutting"for example,Wordsworth’s ecological view of natureand its reasons,and the realistic significance of his view on nature to the modern world,especially under the background of the ad-vocacy of the community of destiny of human beings,will be explicated and analyzed.

Will Hunting Wildlife Harm the Ecological Balance of Nature?

The Expert Committee of Wild Animal Hunting,an organization under the State Forestry Administration of China,recently approved a group of foreign hunters’applications to shoot wildlife in China. The news has gained much attention across the country. The application was submitted by two domestic travel agencies on behalf of seven foreign hunters,who plan to shoot nine blue sheep and seven Tibetan gazelles in an international hunting ground in west China’s Qinghai Province. Despite the expert committee’s approval,however,the hunters still can’t fire a shot in China until they get an official license from the State Forestry Administration.According to recent news,the administration has declined the application. In China,blue sheep and Tibetan gazelles are ranked as Class 2

Diversity of free-living nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in wastelands of copper mine tailings during the process of natural ecological restoration

Biological nitrogen fixing is an important source of nitrogen input in the natural ecological restoration of mine wastelands. The diversity of nifH genes in railings samples under different plant communities in Yangshanchong and Tongguanshan wastelands in Tongling, was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） approach. The nitrogen-fixing microorganism community in the upper layer of tailings of Tongguanshan wasteland discarded in 1980 showed higher Shannon-Wiener diversity index than that in Yangshanchong wasteland discarded in 1991. The diversity of nifH genes in Yangshanchong wasteland of copper mine tailings did not display a consistent successional tendency with development of plant communities during the process of natural ecological restoration. Phylogenetic analysis of 25 sequences of nifH gene fragments retrieved from the DGGE gels indicated that there were mainly two taxa of free-living nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria living in the wastelands investigated, most of which were unique and uncultured. Canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） based on the relationship between band patterns of DGGE profile and physico-chemical properties of railings samples showed that the diversity of nifH genes in different tailing samples was mainly affected by loss of ignition, water content, pH and available Zn contents of wastelands. The dominant plant species and development period of plant communities by ameliorating pH, reducing the toxicity of heavy metals, increasing organic matter and water content affected the diversity and structure of the free-living nitrogenfixing microorganisms in wastelands of copper mine tailings.

Considerations on Compiling the Part on Nature and Ecology Protection of China's Environmental Code

The legal protection of nature has progressed from a separated to integrated protection of resources and environment.Looking at nature from a dialectical and unified perspective,sustainable development requires such integrated protection of the ecosystem for public sharing of natural wealth,convergence of governance of environment and resources,and promotion of ecosystem-based integrated management of environment and resources.China's Nature and Ecology Protection Law is gradually moving towards comprehensive governance for protection of the overall ecosystem.We must work harder to make such a comprehensive governance possible.Thus,China's environmental code(Code)must be moderately developed,including choosing the right title,the scope of work,the objectives and the compiling mode,and establishing a multi-level and diverse integrated system,and addressing five major relationships.

Adopting novel ecosystems as suitable rehabilitation alternatives for former mine sites

The nature and extent of environmental disturbance associated with mining commonly entails completely new and challenging combinations of climate,lithology and landform.Consequently,the outcomes of ecological processes associated with the recovery or restoration of ecosystems cannot be predicted reliably from previously known associations between their physical and biological components.For radically disturbed sites,we propose that it is not practicable to aim for the restoration of historical ecosystems.However,hybrid(reversibly different)or novel(irreversibly different)ecosystems comprising new combinations of physical and biological components,including both native and non-native species,could provide levels of stability and functionality acceptable to all stakeholders and within feasible management regimes.We propose that limiting physical conditions of the landscape can be identified and managed,and that alternative species combinations for introduction to these new landscapes may be considered with cautious optimism.