The construction of technical standard system for ultra deep and high sour gas fields in Northeast Sichuan

To deal with the exploitation difficulties of gas fields in Northeast Sichuan with deep marine strata, after researching the relative standards domestic and abroad extensively, summarizing and promoting the successful experiences and failure lessons of project construction technology application scientifically, Sinopec has established an integrated technical standard system for the exploration and development of ultra deep and high sour gas fields. The system consists of 51 enterprise standards and covers 7 professions including geophysical prospecting, drilling, drilling log, well logging, gas formation test and production, sour gas gathering and transferring system, and HSE (health,safety,environment). It guides and guarantees the safe, high-quality and high-efficiency project construction effectively by means of enhancing the engineering design criterion, recommending the data processing and interpretation methods, identifying the requirements of operation and field inspection and standardizing the application of technical equipments.

Calculating densities and viscosities of natural gas with a high content of C_(2+) to predict two-phase liquid-gas flow pattern

The paper is devoted to the two-phase flow simulation.The gas-condensate mixture flow in a horizontal pipe under high pressure is considered.The influence of the equation of state(EOS)choice for mixture properties modelling on the flow regime calculation results is studied for gas with high content of methane homologues.An analytical overview of the methods to predict the flow pattern is provided.Based on this analysis,two techniques are selected.For these techniques,values of density and viscosity for each phase are required.Density calculation for the gas phase is performed with Van der Waals based EOS.The propriate EOS is selected based on studies of calculation errors for test mixtures.Calculation of liquid phase density is done by means of Patela-Teja and Guo-Du equations,two different models are considered for viscosity estimation.The flow patterns of gas-condensate mixture in a range of temperatures and pressures are calculated and verified via probability map.The results of study allow to recommend the Brusilovsky EOS for calculation of densities for similar gas mixtures and make more rigorous flow regime evaluation.The probability map shows that for the chosen composition and parameters of media the flow pattern is mostly transitional between segregated and annular independent from EOS.

塔里木盆地中高氮天然气的成因及其与天然气聚集的关系

塔里木盆地塔北和塔中地区的海相腐泥型天然气 ,N2 含量较高 ,尤其是湿气 ,N2 含量分布在 10 .1%～36 .2 % ,而干气的N2 含量则低于 10 % ,即湿气的N2 含量高于干气的N2 含量。同是下古生界寒武—奥陶系来源的海相腐泥型天然气 ,为什么湿气和干气的氮气含量相差如此之大 ?根据与氮气相伴生的烃类气体、非烃气体及稀有气体的组份及同位素特征 ,认为塔里木盆地的中高氮天然气属于有机成因 ,来源于下古生界海相烃源岩。文章还提出塔北和塔中地区湿气和干气N2 含量差异与源岩的演化程度和圈闭的捕获条件有关。

天然羧酸盐驱油剂ZY5在高温高盐高钙镁条件下的界面活性与岩心驱油能力

天然羧酸盐驱油剂ZY5是以天然混合羧酸盐为主、复配以非离子和两性表面活性剂及助剂得到的表面活性剂驱油剂。研究了ZY5在高温、高盐、高钙镁条件下的界面张力及岩心驱油能力。结果表明 :ZY5可抗盐达 1.5×10 5mg/L ,同时抗钙离子 5 0 0 0mg/L ,抗镁离子 70 0mg/L ,40— 70℃时界面活性优异 ,界面张力保持 10 -3 mN/m ,70— 10 5℃时界面活性良好 ,界面张力保持 10 -2 mN/m ,在 70℃密闭老化 6 36小时后可基本保持界面活性 ,在高盐高钙条件下对模拟油有较强的增溶能力 ;在 14块天然岩心上进行的 5组驱油实验中 ,ZY5使高含水 (>95 % )岩心的采收率平均提高 12 .4%

酸性天然气生成水合物条件实验测定与应用

针对酸性天然气藏开发易生成水合物,堵塞井筒及生产管线的问题,运用定温搜索压力法,对中国西部地区2个高含CO_(2)的天然气藏气样进行水合物生成条件实验测定。研究表明:天然气中高CO_(2)含量提高了地层水中HCO-3的离子含量,从而增加了地层水的矿化度;与纯CH 4气体相比,相同温度条件下,CO_(2)的存在显著降低了天然气水合物生成所需的地层压力。对于目标天然气流体,在低矿化度地层水中,生成水合物条件与在纯水中没有明显差别;在较高矿化度(16970.7 mg/L)地层水中生成天然气水合物压力显著高于纯水体系。进一步基于Clausius-Clapeyron方程计算所合成水合物的分解焓为62 kJ/mol,生成的天然气水合物为Ⅰ型结构。最后结合实验数据和生产动态数据,对目标气藏开发过程水合物生成特征进行分析,预测井筒内是否生成水合物以及出现水合物的井筒位置,该研究为现场生产预防水合物生成具有借鉴意义。

高含CO_2气田天然气处理厂腐蚀现象及防控对策

腐蚀问题是高含CO_2气田开发及其天然气处理厂生产的主要风险。为有效控制或减缓腐蚀,通过吉林油田长岭气田高含CO_2天然气处理厂腐蚀案例,结合CO_2对金属腐蚀的成熟理论,对高含CO_2气田腐蚀现象进行分析,明确了该类天然气处理厂存在以CO_2腐蚀为主,同时兼有其他类型的腐蚀情况。进而分析了相关的腐蚀机理和影响因素。在此基础上,提出了针对具体腐蚀情况而采取的防止、延缓或控制措施。该研究结果对高含CO_2气田天然气处理厂的防腐工作具有重要意义。

高含量二氧化碳天然气脱硫剂研究

介绍了W702系列复合氧化物精脱硫剂的研究思路。活性氧化铁提高硫容的同时降低脱硫剂的生产成本,与高精度的Cu、Zn共同使用,兼具提高硫容及精度,碱金属氧化物水解生成的氢氧化物与原料中酸性二氧化碳反应形成弱酸强碱盐,即使原料气中有大量的CO_(2),也不会破坏脱硫剂表面的碱性中心。在含CO_(2)高达6%以上的天然气原料脱硫中的应用表明,复合氧化物脱硫剂的脱除精度好,硫容高达22%。