Cotton cultivars with brown (Xiangcaimian 2), green (Wanmian 39) and white (Sumian 9) fiber were investigated to study fiber developmental characteristics of natural-colored cotton and the effect of hormones on ...Cotton cultivars with brown (Xiangcaimian 2), green (Wanmian 39) and white (Sumian 9) fiber were investigated to study fiber developmental characteristics of natural-colored cotton and the effect of hormones on fiber quality at different stages after anthesis. Fiber lengths of both natural-colored cottons were lower than the white-fibered control, with brown-fibered cotton longer than green. Fiber strength, micronaire and maturation of natural-colored cotton were also lower than the control. The shorter fiber of the green cultivar was due to slower growth during 10 to 30 days post-anthesis (DPA). Likewise, the lower fiber strength, micronaire and maturation of natured-colored cotton were also due to slower growth during this pivotal stage. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content at 10 DPA, and abscisic acid (ABA) content at 30 to 40 DPA were lower in the fibers of the natural-colored than that of the white-fibered cotton. After applying 20 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3), the IAA content at 20 DPA in the brown and green-fibered cottons increased by 51.07 and 64.33%, fiber ABA content increased by 38.96 and 24.40%, and fiber length increased by 8.13 and 13.96%, respectively. Fiber strength, micronaire and maturation were also enhanced at boll opening stage. Those results suggest that the level of endogenous hormones affect fiber quality. Application of external hormones can increase hormone content in natural-colored cotton fiber, improving its quality.展开更多
In order to improve fiber quality of green cotton,a wide hybrid was used between a green fiber cotton and Sea Island cotton.The results show that the hybrid F1 plants were stable,but F2
Cotton is the worlds leading natural fiber crop,and it is the cornerstone of textile industries worldwide.The cotton industry is confronted with problems in cost of production and
Topping is a cultivation method that is widely practiced due to the indeterminate growth character of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.). Among the different methods of accomplishing topping, manual topping is common in th...Topping is a cultivation method that is widely practiced due to the indeterminate growth character of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.). Among the different methods of accomplishing topping, manual topping is common in the Yellow River Valley of China, although it is time-and labor-intensive. The objective of this study was to characterize the responses of cotton to different topping treatments with respect to development, yield and quality. This study included field experiments from 2015 to 2016 with three different topping methods: manual topping(MT), chemical topping(CT) using mepiquat chloride,and a non-decapitation treatment(NT). We found that the plant height, the number of fruiting branches and the length of upper fruiting branches of cotton treated with CT were significantly lower than NT. The chlorophyll content of cotton treated with CT was not significantly different from NT, but was higher than that of MT in the later season. CT enhanced plant development with reduced endogenous gibberellic acid and abscisic acid contents, and the apical development of the main stem was inhibited. Compared with MT, CT significantly increased the biomass of the vegetative parts. Most importantly,there were no significant differences in the yield or fiber quality between MT and CT. These findings suggested that CT, a simplified and effective topping method, could be utilized as an alternative in the Yellow River Valley of China.展开更多
Potassium (K) deficiency affects cotton growth and development and fiber properties. An experiment was conducted in an outdoor pot culture facility by imposing four potassium stress treatments (100%, 40%, 20% and 0% o...Potassium (K) deficiency affects cotton growth and development and fiber properties. An experiment was conducted in an outdoor pot culture facility by imposing four potassium stress treatments (100%, 40%, 20% and 0% of optimum K level) prior to flowering during 2010 and 2011 growing season. Upland cotton cultivar, TM-1, was seeded in the pots comprised of fine sand as rooting medium. Flowers and bolls were tagged daily to estimate boll maturation period (BMP). Leaf samples were collected every four days from flowering to maturity to estimate leaf K content. Plant height and node numbers were recorded from emergence to 21 days after treatment. Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were measured weekly from day of treatment imposition to physiological maturity at an interval of seven days. Stem, leaf, and boll dry-component weights, and boll numbers were recorded at the end of the experiment in each year. From each boll, the lint samples were collected and grouped based on average leaf potassium concentration during BMP, and fiber quality parameters were recorded for each group in each treatment. At high K deficient (0 K) condition, total biomass declined by 27% and 28% in years 2010 and 2011, respectively. Significantly, lower numbers of bolls were retained per plant at 0 K stress treatment during both the years. Leaf photosynthesis (r2 = 0.92) and stomatal conductance (r2 = 0.80) declined with declining leaf K levels. Fiber length, strength, micronaire, and uniformity declined linearly with decrease in leaf K content. Weaker fibers with medium length were produced under K-deficient conditions with micronaire values in the discount range. Fiber uniformity, however, did not decline with decrease in leaf K. The identified leaf K status-specific relationships for fiber properties could be used to improve management practices under potassium deficiency and to develop new sub-routines of the existing cotton simulation models. New and improved models will be useful not only in management, but also in arena of policy decisions including future climate change impact assessment analysis.展开更多
Background:Upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)accounts for more than 90%of the annual world cotton output because of its high yield potential.However,yield and fiber quality traits often show negative correlations.We co...Background:Upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)accounts for more than 90%of the annual world cotton output because of its high yield potential.However,yield and fiber quality traits often show negative correlations.We constructed four F_(2)populations of upland cotton,using two normal lines(4133B and SGK9708)with high yield potential but moderate fiber quality and two introgression lines(Suyuan04–3 and J02–247)with superior fiber quality,and used them to investigate the genetic basis underlying complex traits such as yield and fiber quality in upland cotton.We also phenotyped eight agronomic and economic traits and mapped quantitative trait loci(QTLs).Results:Extensive phenotype variations and transgressive segregation were found across the segregation populations.We constructed four genetic maps of 585.97 centiMorgan(cM),752.45 cM,752.45 cM,and 1163.66 cM,one for each of the four F_(2)populations.Fifty QTLs were identified across the four populations(7 for plant height,27 for fiber quality and 16 for yield).The same QTLs were identified in different populations,including qBW4 and qBW2,which were linked to a common simple sequence repeat(SSR)marker,NAU1255.A QTL cluster containing eight QTLs for six different traits was characterized on linkage group 9 of the 4133B×Suyuan04–3 population.Conclusions:These findings will provide insights into the genetic basis of simultaneous improvement of yield and fiber quality in upland cotton breeding.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301263, 31171479, 31471435)a Project Founded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant (2016M591934)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant in Jiangsu Province, China (1601116C)the Project #SXGC(2016)320 supported by the Three New Technology Foundation of Agriculture in Jiangsu Province, China
文摘Cotton cultivars with brown (Xiangcaimian 2), green (Wanmian 39) and white (Sumian 9) fiber were investigated to study fiber developmental characteristics of natural-colored cotton and the effect of hormones on fiber quality at different stages after anthesis. Fiber lengths of both natural-colored cottons were lower than the white-fibered control, with brown-fibered cotton longer than green. Fiber strength, micronaire and maturation of natural-colored cotton were also lower than the control. The shorter fiber of the green cultivar was due to slower growth during 10 to 30 days post-anthesis (DPA). Likewise, the lower fiber strength, micronaire and maturation of natured-colored cotton were also due to slower growth during this pivotal stage. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content at 10 DPA, and abscisic acid (ABA) content at 30 to 40 DPA were lower in the fibers of the natural-colored than that of the white-fibered cotton. After applying 20 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3), the IAA content at 20 DPA in the brown and green-fibered cottons increased by 51.07 and 64.33%, fiber ABA content increased by 38.96 and 24.40%, and fiber length increased by 8.13 and 13.96%, respectively. Fiber strength, micronaire and maturation were also enhanced at boll opening stage. Those results suggest that the level of endogenous hormones affect fiber quality. Application of external hormones can increase hormone content in natural-colored cotton fiber, improving its quality.
文摘In order to improve fiber quality of green cotton,a wide hybrid was used between a green fiber cotton and Sea Island cotton.The results show that the hybrid F1 plants were stable,but F2
文摘Cotton is the worlds leading natural fiber crop,and it is the cornerstone of textile industries worldwide.The cotton industry is confronted with problems in cost of production and
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571610 and 31871569)the Modern Technology System of the Agricultural Industry in Hebei,China(HBCT2018040201)。
文摘Topping is a cultivation method that is widely practiced due to the indeterminate growth character of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.). Among the different methods of accomplishing topping, manual topping is common in the Yellow River Valley of China, although it is time-and labor-intensive. The objective of this study was to characterize the responses of cotton to different topping treatments with respect to development, yield and quality. This study included field experiments from 2015 to 2016 with three different topping methods: manual topping(MT), chemical topping(CT) using mepiquat chloride,and a non-decapitation treatment(NT). We found that the plant height, the number of fruiting branches and the length of upper fruiting branches of cotton treated with CT were significantly lower than NT. The chlorophyll content of cotton treated with CT was not significantly different from NT, but was higher than that of MT in the later season. CT enhanced plant development with reduced endogenous gibberellic acid and abscisic acid contents, and the apical development of the main stem was inhibited. Compared with MT, CT significantly increased the biomass of the vegetative parts. Most importantly,there were no significant differences in the yield or fiber quality between MT and CT. These findings suggested that CT, a simplified and effective topping method, could be utilized as an alternative in the Yellow River Valley of China.
文摘Potassium (K) deficiency affects cotton growth and development and fiber properties. An experiment was conducted in an outdoor pot culture facility by imposing four potassium stress treatments (100%, 40%, 20% and 0% of optimum K level) prior to flowering during 2010 and 2011 growing season. Upland cotton cultivar, TM-1, was seeded in the pots comprised of fine sand as rooting medium. Flowers and bolls were tagged daily to estimate boll maturation period (BMP). Leaf samples were collected every four days from flowering to maturity to estimate leaf K content. Plant height and node numbers were recorded from emergence to 21 days after treatment. Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were measured weekly from day of treatment imposition to physiological maturity at an interval of seven days. Stem, leaf, and boll dry-component weights, and boll numbers were recorded at the end of the experiment in each year. From each boll, the lint samples were collected and grouped based on average leaf potassium concentration during BMP, and fiber quality parameters were recorded for each group in each treatment. At high K deficient (0 K) condition, total biomass declined by 27% and 28% in years 2010 and 2011, respectively. Significantly, lower numbers of bolls were retained per plant at 0 K stress treatment during both the years. Leaf photosynthesis (r2 = 0.92) and stomatal conductance (r2 = 0.80) declined with declining leaf K levels. Fiber length, strength, micronaire, and uniformity declined linearly with decrease in leaf K content. Weaker fibers with medium length were produced under K-deficient conditions with micronaire values in the discount range. Fiber uniformity, however, did not decline with decrease in leaf K. The identified leaf K status-specific relationships for fiber properties could be used to improve management practices under potassium deficiency and to develop new sub-routines of the existing cotton simulation models. New and improved models will be useful not only in management, but also in arena of policy decisions including future climate change impact assessment analysis.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0101600).
文摘Background:Upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)accounts for more than 90%of the annual world cotton output because of its high yield potential.However,yield and fiber quality traits often show negative correlations.We constructed four F_(2)populations of upland cotton,using two normal lines(4133B and SGK9708)with high yield potential but moderate fiber quality and two introgression lines(Suyuan04–3 and J02–247)with superior fiber quality,and used them to investigate the genetic basis underlying complex traits such as yield and fiber quality in upland cotton.We also phenotyped eight agronomic and economic traits and mapped quantitative trait loci(QTLs).Results:Extensive phenotype variations and transgressive segregation were found across the segregation populations.We constructed four genetic maps of 585.97 centiMorgan(cM),752.45 cM,752.45 cM,and 1163.66 cM,one for each of the four F_(2)populations.Fifty QTLs were identified across the four populations(7 for plant height,27 for fiber quality and 16 for yield).The same QTLs were identified in different populations,including qBW4 and qBW2,which were linked to a common simple sequence repeat(SSR)marker,NAU1255.A QTL cluster containing eight QTLs for six different traits was characterized on linkage group 9 of the 4133B×Suyuan04–3 population.Conclusions:These findings will provide insights into the genetic basis of simultaneous improvement of yield and fiber quality in upland cotton breeding.