It is shown that such phenomena as quantum correlations (interaction of space-separated quantum entities), the action of magnetic vector potential on quantum entities in the absence of magnetic field, and near-field a...It is shown that such phenomena as quantum correlations (interaction of space-separated quantum entities), the action of magnetic vector potential on quantum entities in the absence of magnetic field, and near-field antenna effect (the existence of superluminally propagating electromagnetic fields) may be explained by action of spin supercurrents. In case of quantum correlations between quantum entities, spin supercurrent emerges between virtual particles pairs (virtual photons) created by those quantum entities. The explanation of magnetic vector potential and near-field antenna effect is based on contemporary principle of quantum mechanics: the physical vacuum is not an empty space but the ground state of the field consisting of quantum harmonic oscillators (QHOs) characterized by zero-point energy. Using the properties of the oscillators and spin supercurrent, it is proved that magnetic vector potential is proportional to the moment causing the orientation of spin of QHO along the direction of magnetic field. The near-field antenna effect is supposed to take place as a result of action of spin supercurrent causing secondary electromagnetic oscillations. In this way, the electromagnetic field may spread at the speed of spin supercurrent. As spin supercurrent is an inertia free process, its speed may be greater than that of light, which does not contradict postulates of special relativity that sets limits to the speed of inertial systems only.展开更多
Optical properties of metallic edge-like structures known as knife-edges are a topic of interest and possess potential applications in enhanced Raman scattering, optical trapping, etc. In this work, we investigate the...Optical properties of metallic edge-like structures known as knife-edges are a topic of interest and possess potential applications in enhanced Raman scattering, optical trapping, etc. In this work, we investigate the near-field optical polar- ization response at the edge of a triangular gold nanosheet, which is synthesized by a wet chemical method. A homemade scanning near-field optical microscope （SNOM） in collection mode is adopted, which is able to accurately locate its probe at the edge during experiments. An uncoated straight fiber probe is used in the SNOM, because it s611 preserves the prop- erty of light polarization though it has the depolarization to some extent. By comparing near-field intensities at the edge and glass substrate, detected in different polarization directions of incident light, the edge-induced depolarization is found, which is supported by the finite differential time domain （FDTD） simulated results. The depolarized phenomenon in the near-field is similar to that in the far-field.展开更多
In this paper, the following conclusions are reached: The influence of damage on the stress and strain feilds can be neglected in an asymptotic sense for the solutions of damage field in a plastic solid containing sma...In this paper, the following conclusions are reached: The influence of damage on the stress and strain feilds can be neglected in an asymptotic sense for the solutions of damage field in a plastic solid containing small damage. The formulation of the problem is simplified with an uncoupled approach. Based on experimental results of plastic damage, most of the damage in the material are con- sidered as small damage with the critacal damage variable ω_c<<1. Using this approach, closed form ex- pressions of the near tip damage fields for mode Ⅲ, mode I and the temperature distribution induced by plastic dissipation in a hardening material containing damage are deduced. We point out that the temperature distribution in the process zone is strongly dependent on the damage of materials even for the small damage case. The results of the predicted value of the temperature rise near the tip region ignoring the damage effect is appreciably higher than the observed data. The main reason of this discrepancy is the presence of damage dissipation and the fact that its influence on the calculation of plas- tic dissipation have not been appropriately taken account of. The calculation is improved by taking in- to account the damage effect on the temperature rise, then the T_(max) value is in better accord with the experimental value.展开更多
Nonlinear response history analyses and use of strong ground motion data including near-field effects has become a common practice in both performance based design of tall buildings and design of base-isolated buildin...Nonlinear response history analyses and use of strong ground motion data including near-field effects has become a common practice in both performance based design of tall buildings and design of base-isolated buildings. On the other hand, ordinary buildings are commonly analysed via response spectrum analysis following the rules of conventional seismic codes, most of which do not take near-field effects into account. This study evaluates the necessity and the adequacy of near-source factors for ordinary fixed-base buildings that are not specifically classified as tall, by comparing dynamic responses of 3, 8, and 15-story benchmark buildings obtained via （1） linear time history analyses using 220 record components from 13 historical earthquakes and 45 synthetic earthquake records of different magnitudes and fault distances and （2） response spectrum analyses in accordance with the Turkish Earthquake Code 2007 -representing seismic codes not taking near-field effects into account- and the Uniform Building Code 1997 which takes near-field effects into account via near-source factors that amplify design response spectrum. It is shown that near-source factors are crucial for the safe design of not-so-tall ordinary fixed-base buildings but those defined in UBC97 may still not be adequate for those located in the vicinity of the fault.展开更多
文摘It is shown that such phenomena as quantum correlations (interaction of space-separated quantum entities), the action of magnetic vector potential on quantum entities in the absence of magnetic field, and near-field antenna effect (the existence of superluminally propagating electromagnetic fields) may be explained by action of spin supercurrents. In case of quantum correlations between quantum entities, spin supercurrent emerges between virtual particles pairs (virtual photons) created by those quantum entities. The explanation of magnetic vector potential and near-field antenna effect is based on contemporary principle of quantum mechanics: the physical vacuum is not an empty space but the ground state of the field consisting of quantum harmonic oscillators (QHOs) characterized by zero-point energy. Using the properties of the oscillators and spin supercurrent, it is proved that magnetic vector potential is proportional to the moment causing the orientation of spin of QHO along the direction of magnetic field. The near-field antenna effect is supposed to take place as a result of action of spin supercurrent causing secondary electromagnetic oscillations. In this way, the electromagnetic field may spread at the speed of spin supercurrent. As spin supercurrent is an inertia free process, its speed may be greater than that of light, which does not contradict postulates of special relativity that sets limits to the speed of inertial systems only.
基金Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB934004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.YWF-13-D2-XX-14)
文摘Optical properties of metallic edge-like structures known as knife-edges are a topic of interest and possess potential applications in enhanced Raman scattering, optical trapping, etc. In this work, we investigate the near-field optical polar- ization response at the edge of a triangular gold nanosheet, which is synthesized by a wet chemical method. A homemade scanning near-field optical microscope （SNOM） in collection mode is adopted, which is able to accurately locate its probe at the edge during experiments. An uncoated straight fiber probe is used in the SNOM, because it s611 preserves the prop- erty of light polarization though it has the depolarization to some extent. By comparing near-field intensities at the edge and glass substrate, detected in different polarization directions of incident light, the edge-induced depolarization is found, which is supported by the finite differential time domain （FDTD） simulated results. The depolarized phenomenon in the near-field is similar to that in the far-field.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘In this paper, the following conclusions are reached: The influence of damage on the stress and strain feilds can be neglected in an asymptotic sense for the solutions of damage field in a plastic solid containing small damage. The formulation of the problem is simplified with an uncoupled approach. Based on experimental results of plastic damage, most of the damage in the material are con- sidered as small damage with the critacal damage variable ω_c<<1. Using this approach, closed form ex- pressions of the near tip damage fields for mode Ⅲ, mode I and the temperature distribution induced by plastic dissipation in a hardening material containing damage are deduced. We point out that the temperature distribution in the process zone is strongly dependent on the damage of materials even for the small damage case. The results of the predicted value of the temperature rise near the tip region ignoring the damage effect is appreciably higher than the observed data. The main reason of this discrepancy is the presence of damage dissipation and the fact that its influence on the calculation of plas- tic dissipation have not been appropriately taken account of. The calculation is improved by taking in- to account the damage effect on the temperature rise, then the T_(max) value is in better accord with the experimental value.
文摘Nonlinear response history analyses and use of strong ground motion data including near-field effects has become a common practice in both performance based design of tall buildings and design of base-isolated buildings. On the other hand, ordinary buildings are commonly analysed via response spectrum analysis following the rules of conventional seismic codes, most of which do not take near-field effects into account. This study evaluates the necessity and the adequacy of near-source factors for ordinary fixed-base buildings that are not specifically classified as tall, by comparing dynamic responses of 3, 8, and 15-story benchmark buildings obtained via （1） linear time history analyses using 220 record components from 13 historical earthquakes and 45 synthetic earthquake records of different magnitudes and fault distances and （2） response spectrum analyses in accordance with the Turkish Earthquake Code 2007 -representing seismic codes not taking near-field effects into account- and the Uniform Building Code 1997 which takes near-field effects into account via near-source factors that amplify design response spectrum. It is shown that near-source factors are crucial for the safe design of not-so-tall ordinary fixed-base buildings but those defined in UBC97 may still not be adequate for those located in the vicinity of the fault.
