Space debris is a major problem for all the nations that are currently active in space. Adopting high-precision measuring techniques will help produce a reliable and accurate catalog for space debris and collision avo...Space debris is a major problem for all the nations that are currently active in space. Adopting high-precision measuring techniques will help produce a reliable and accurate catalog for space debris and collision avoidance. Laser ranging is a kind of real-time measuring technology with high precision for space debris observation. The first space-debris laser-ranging experiment in China was performed at the Shanghai Observatory in July 2008 with a ranging precision of about 60-80 cm. The experi- mental results showed that the return signals from the targets with a range of 900 km were quite strong, with a power of 40W （2J at 20 Hz） using a 10ns pulse width laser at 532 nm wavelength. The performance of the preliminary laser ranging system and the observed results in 2008 and 2010 are also introduced.展开更多
As an important station of International Laser Ranging Service(ILRS),Shanghai Astronomical Observatory(SHAO)has upgraded Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)system with high repetition rate and achieved some technological pro...As an important station of International Laser Ranging Service(ILRS),Shanghai Astronomical Observatory(SHAO)has upgraded Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)system with high repetition rate and achieved some technological progress,There are a lot of improvements for overall system performance,such as annual observation passes,measurement precision and quality of observation data.SLR technology with repetition rate of 10 kHz is accomplished firstly in China,and space debris laser ranging technology with200 Hz laser is promoted and proved to be more detective for weak echo,which lead to successful measurement for 40,000 km satellites and space debris within 3000 km.At the same time,SLR based on multi-telescopes and 1064 nm wavelength are planned to make a breakthrough of detection capabilities,and also to expand its application fields.These progresses will be introduced in this paper in detail.展开更多
Space debris laser ranging was achieved with a 60 W, 200 Hz, 532 nm nanosecond slab, single-frequency green laser at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory’s 60 cm satellite laser ranging system. There were 174 passes...Space debris laser ranging was achieved with a 60 W, 200 Hz, 532 nm nanosecond slab, single-frequency green laser at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory’s 60 cm satellite laser ranging system. There were 174 passes of space debris measured in 2017, with the minimum radar cross section(RCS) being 0.25 m^2 and the highest ranging precision up to 13.6 cm. The RCS of space debris measured with the farthest distances in 174 passes was analyzed. The results show that the farthest measurement distance(R) and RCS(S) were fitted to R = 1388.159 S0.24312, indicating that this laser can measure the distance of 1388.159 km at an RCS of 1 m^2,which is very helpful to surveillance and research on low-Earth-orbit space debris.展开更多
卫星激光测距作为地基光电望远镜系统重要技术应用，可直接精确测量空间碎片距离，提升碎片目标轨道监测精度。基于上海天文台60 cm 口径激光测距望远镜，应用百赫兹重复率高功率激光器、高效率激光信号探测系统等，建立了空间碎片激光...卫星激光测距作为地基光电望远镜系统重要技术应用，可直接精确测量空间碎片距离，提升碎片目标轨道监测精度。基于上海天文台60 cm 口径激光测距望远镜，应用百赫兹重复率高功率激光器、高效率激光信号探测系统等，建立了空间碎片激光测距系统，实现了对距离500～2600 km、截面积0.3～20 m2 的碎片目标观测，测距精度优于1 m，具备了碎片目标常规测量与应用能力。此外，开展了空间目标白天监视技术研究，实现了亮于6 星等恒星的白天观测，并进行了望远镜局部指向误差模型分析，分析结果可应用于空间碎片白天激光观测的目标监视与引导。展开更多
基金supported by the Chinese Space Agency and the Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 2920100701)
文摘Space debris is a major problem for all the nations that are currently active in space. Adopting high-precision measuring techniques will help produce a reliable and accurate catalog for space debris and collision avoidance. Laser ranging is a kind of real-time measuring technology with high precision for space debris observation. The first space-debris laser-ranging experiment in China was performed at the Shanghai Observatory in July 2008 with a ranging precision of about 60-80 cm. The experi- mental results showed that the return signals from the targets with a range of 900 km were quite strong, with a power of 40W （2J at 20 Hz） using a 10ns pulse width laser at 532 nm wavelength. The performance of the preliminary laser ranging system and the observed results in 2008 and 2010 are also introduced.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation (NSF) of China (U1631240 and 11503068)CAS Key Technology Talent Program
文摘As an important station of International Laser Ranging Service(ILRS),Shanghai Astronomical Observatory(SHAO)has upgraded Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)system with high repetition rate and achieved some technological progress,There are a lot of improvements for overall system performance,such as annual observation passes,measurement precision and quality of observation data.SLR technology with repetition rate of 10 kHz is accomplished firstly in China,and space debris laser ranging technology with200 Hz laser is promoted and proved to be more detective for weak echo,which lead to successful measurement for 40,000 km satellites and space debris within 3000 km.At the same time,SLR based on multi-telescopes and 1064 nm wavelength are planned to make a breakthrough of detection capabilities,and also to expand its application fields.These progresses will be introduced in this paper in detail.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1631240 and 11503068)the CAS Key Technology Talent Programthe China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos. BX201700270 and 2017M621562)
文摘Space debris laser ranging was achieved with a 60 W, 200 Hz, 532 nm nanosecond slab, single-frequency green laser at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory’s 60 cm satellite laser ranging system. There were 174 passes of space debris measured in 2017, with the minimum radar cross section(RCS) being 0.25 m^2 and the highest ranging precision up to 13.6 cm. The RCS of space debris measured with the farthest distances in 174 passes was analyzed. The results show that the farthest measurement distance(R) and RCS(S) were fitted to R = 1388.159 S0.24312, indicating that this laser can measure the distance of 1388.159 km at an RCS of 1 m^2,which is very helpful to surveillance and research on low-Earth-orbit space debris.
