Analysis of the Necessity and Modalities of Imparting Death Education to Medical Students Undergoing Training in Oncology Departments

Patients with advanced-stage tumors may experience various psychological problems that can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of cancer treatment and the quality of their survival.Therefore,it is crucial for oncologists to prioritize addressing the psychological issues that patients encounter throughout the diagnosis and treatment process.As future frontline healthcare professionals,oncology medical students should receive education on end-of-life care early on in their training.This will enable them to develop a profound appreciation for the value of life,deliver improved medical services,and contribute to the humanization of medicine.Furthermore,they will be able to provide terminal patients and their families with effective professional guidance,assisting patients in finding peaceful endings with minimal pain and helping families come to terms with the inevitable realities they face.Moreover,this education can effectively enhance their sense of responsibility toward life and cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude toward their own lives.

Analysis on the Necessity and Feasibility of Implementing the Strategy of "Protecting Farmland in Flatland Areas and Constructing Mountainous Cities" in Yunnan Province

Yunnan is one of the most typical mountalnous provinces in western Chi-na. For the geographical features of mountalnous areas accounting for most parts and fIatIand areas accounting for smal parts, the contradiction between farmIand protection and construction guarantee is very prominent. In the first half of 2011, Yunnan Province estabIished creativeIy the strategy of ＆quot;protecting farmIand in fIat-Iand areas and constructing mountalnous cities＆quot; （hereinafter referred to as the strat-egy of ＆quot;constructing mountalnous cities＆quot;）, which was almed at protecting effectiveIy the Iimited and high quality arabIe Iand resources in fIatIand area and providing new construction area for new type of urbanization and industrialization, so as to achieve win-win situation between arabIe Iand protection and urbanization deveIopment. Im-pIementing this strategy in Yunnan Province is feasibIe, malnIy in the Iarge deveIop-ment potentials in the gentIe gradient between 8° to 25°. The gentIe sIope area be-tween 8° to 25° occupies 51% of the total Iand area in Yunnan Province, which is almost 140 times of the area of urban construction Iand in Yunnan in 2009. The surrounding areas of fIatIand or maln town in most counties （cities, regions） dis-tribute with different sizes of Iow hiI s and gentIe sIopes, thus mountalnous construc-tion Iand reserves are abundant, which benefits for impeI ing the strategy of ＆quot;con-structing mountalnous cities＆quot; in the Iight of Iocal conditions.

On The Necessity of Stratified English Teaching in Higher Vocational Colleges

The practice of stratified English teaching is determined by the features of vocational education. In addition, it is an inexorable trend of current higher education reform, and also a fundamental demand of higher vocational education and quality-oriented education. This thesis argues for the need of stratified English teaching in high vocational colleges.

Necessity of Applying Communicative Approach

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Multi-objective linear fractional inventory model with possibility and necessity constraints under generalised intuitionistic fuzzy set environment

This study presented a multi-objective linear fractional inventory (LFI) problem with generalised intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. In modelling, the authors have assumed the ambiances where generalised trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (GTIFNs) used to handle the uncertain information in the data. Then, the given multi-objective generalised intuitionistic fuzzy LFI model was transformed into its equivalent deterministic linear fractional programming problem by employing the possibility and necessity measures. Finally, the applicability of the model is demonstrated with a numerical example and the sensitivity analysis under several parameters is investigated to explore the study.

Necessity and Feasibility of Developing Low Carbon Agriculture in Xuzhou City

According to the characteristics of low carbon economy and low carbon agriculture at home and abroad,and combining with actual situations of agricultural development in Xuzhou City,the necessity of developing low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City is analyzed by the perspectives of its agricultural production conditions,agricultural modernization,comprehensive competitive power,ecological civilization and low carbon economy. Simultaneously,the feasibility of developing low carbon agriculture in the city is discussed through low carbon technology,rural land management model,agricultural input channel,agriculture-related scientific research system,agricultural research transformation mechanism and rural personnel training program to provide some references for promoting the rapid and sound development of low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City.

The “Sino-India Monitor on INDCs Adequacy and Necessity”(SIMIAN) initiative

The papers in this special topic of Sino-India Monitor on NDCs,authored by a select group of researchers from both China and India,provide a perspective on areas of common interest for societies in both countries as well as a focus on common objectives defining global action.

Logical and Ontological Implications of Necessity in Aristotelian Teleology

Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare related to an achievement of an endaccording to two thoroughly different ontological and logical grounds. Secondly, it is to bring the irreducibility of the teleological to non-teleological into organic development to unprecedented light so as to show how the ontological predominance of the finality over the material necessity may be adequately expressed by a logical implication, if it is appropriately stated and well distinct from other similar logical connectives such as the material implication and the biconditional if-and-only-if.

Necessity Is the Mother of Invention for Research and Extension Agenda of Rubber Smallholders

Researchers and extensionists would pursue their interests to develop new inventions and encourage rubber smallholders to adopt new technology and practices to increase production of their holdings. Three interrelated systems, research and development （R＆D） system, extension/delivery system and client （smallholders） system, are responsible to make the rubber industry viable and dynamic. The extension system is also encouraged to identify and carry out related research activities besides its own core function to enhance clients＇ understanding and to use the findings as basis to plan effective strategies for implementation. Knowledge acquisition among clients is critical in capacity building process. With knowledge, clients tend to develop favorable attitude and use it to develop specific skill to practice recommended technology and new practices. Necessity is the mother of invention in times of need, especially when rubber price is low. Researchers, extensionists and smallholders are ＂forced＂ to collaborate and become creative to fred alternative ways and uses of natural rubber to increase demand of the commodity. When natural rubber price is low, funding for research needs to be maintained at current level, or in some cases, funding is increased to ensure that the industry is not void of new technology and new products. The main goal of the rubber industry is to ensure that new technology and practices are continuously being generated and developed by researchers to be adopted by rubber smallholders. The adoption of new technology and practices by smallholders ensures that production of natural rubber continues to increase, while income of smallholders is maintained or increased at an appreciative level to offset low rubber prices. There is an inclination in the rubber industry that when the commodity＇s price is low, activities and programs related to research and dissemination of research results would follow to be reduced, resulting in stagnation and opportunities for future growth of the industry. The National Blue Ocean Strategy （NBOS） should be used to harness expertise in research among researchers of local universities, as well as to cooperate among extensionists from agencies at state and national levels to help disseminate research results. The NBOS can reduce cost, and has bigger impacts and wider applications of natural rubber for local and international markets.

The Necessity of a High-grade Telescope for Education and Future Research Activities in the Philippines

Astronomy has been practiced in the Philippines for the past century. However, the study of celestial objects in the country is confined to its observation and publication of data. There is no course in astrnonmy in the tertiary level while it is briefly covered in the general science curriculum of the elementary and high schools in the country. No serious research activity has been conducted primarily due to lack of necessary research instruments such as a high grade telescope and the required formal education or training of staff in astronomy to perform such an activity. The possible donation of a 45cm high grade telescope with its accessories by the government of Japan, through its Cultural Grant aid Program, to the Philippines will upgrade the capability of the Astronomical Observatory of the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) to observe and study astronomical objects and phenomena. Likewise, it will improve services in the promotion of the science of astronomy in the country, especially in education and training of science teachers.

On the Necessity and Significance of Strengthening Business English Teachers' Scientific Research Capability

This research reviews the construction process of business English teachers in China,and puts forward the notion that business English teachers should establish correct scientific research concept,correctly understand the dialectical relationship between scientific research capability and teaching,the role of scientific research capability and the necessity for teachers to carry out scientific research in teaching.Business English teachers should realize the deficiency of their own scientific research capability,and the necessity of strengthening it.They should learn to combine scientific research theory with teaching practice.Business English teachers in different colleges and universities should learn how to improve their research capability according to reality.Only in this way can they improve their understanding of the necessity of strengthening their scientific research capability and promoting their own professional quality as well as improving students’learning ability and cultivating high-level business English personnel for the society.

Research on Ideological Education of Foreign Language Majors in China:Necessity and Approach

The higher education in China aims to cultivate advanced talents who would like to be devoted to cause of socialist construction with firm belief in communism and collectivism and mastery of modern science and technology.The significance of ideological education of undergraduates has been constantly aware of in China since the founding of the nation.In this day and age,with the implementation of cultural development strategies by telling Chinese stories well,the ideological education is increasingly significant in higher education.Compared with other majors,foreign language majors are in greater need for ideological instruction since they have to take a series of courses relevant to foreign cultures including but not limited to the general background,geography,history,literature,society and religion of relevant foreign countries.Even when they practice skills such as reading,listening,speaking and writing,they are supposed to have a clear picture of the cultural background of a certain foreign country or region.Meanwhile,there is particular demand for ideological correctness for their future jobs as teachers,translators or interpreters.Apart from taking compulsory courses of ideological and political theory,foreign language majors shall be cultivated through delivery of ideological education by academic courses,national innovation and entrepreneurship education and extra-curricular activities.

Analysis of the necessity of Shanghai＇s long-term care insurance

The aging population of Shanghai is China one of the most serious city, is also one of the cities of the aging problem is prominent. As a result, the city＇s endowment pressure also with aging and aging aggravate gradually increased, especially the old man nursing problems become the main problem in society. Study abroad to establish a long term care insurance comprehensive factors, considering the feasibility of the long-term care insurance in Shanghai, alleviate the pressure of the pension, the construction of a harmonious society.

The Necessity of Integrating Public English Course into Chinese Culture Education in Higher Vocational Colleges

Looking at the current public English culture teaching classroom in higher vocational colleges,the main problems are that the classroom focuses on grammar knowledge and language learning,and the cultural explanation is not in-depth;The classroom is centered on European and American culture and lacks the complementary and integrated teaching of Chinese culture;The teaching method of Chinese culture adopted by teachers is relatively single and lacks the cultivation of cross-cultural communication awareness.In the process of teaching,a variety of teaching methods are used together to introduce Chinese cultural elements by comparing Chinese and English cultures and combining with hot current events;To guide students to look at cultural differences with a dialectical attitude and inclusive perspective,to establish their own national identity and cultural self-confidence,to actively spread and promote Chinese culture in cross-cultural communication activities,and to improve their twoway communication ability can effectively strengthen Chinese cultural education.

Study on the Feasibility and Necessity of Japanese "Food Education" Entering Local Colleges and Universities

Japan has carried out"food education"for more than ten years,with remarkable results and great significance.At present,only a few schools in China call for and advocate food education,and as a local college,it is rarely known.By understanding the popularization of"food education"education in Japan,combined with the actual situation of local colleges and universities,this paper analyzes the feasibility and necessity of"food education"enteringlocal colleges and universities,and puts forward relevant suggestions and measures.

Human Rights: Signal of Human Beings from Necessity to Freedom

The issue of human rights is one of the essential issues in modern political life and state life.The term"human rights",as it is so called,refers to the rights of human beings dealing with the questions arising during the process of human beings from necessity to freedom.The key to master the concept of human rights is how to define the rights.In ac-

The application of the necessity-concerns framework in investigating adherence and beliefs about immunosuppressive medication among Chinese liver transplant recipients

Objective： This study aimed to explore adherence to and beliefs about immunosuppressive medication using the Necessity-Concerns Framework（NCF） in liver transplant recipients.Methods： A cross-sectional study performed in recipients who were at least 3 months post liver transplantation. A convenience sample of 243 recipients was recruited. Self-reported medication adherence was measured by the Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale（BAASIS）. The NCF was operationalized using the Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire（BMQ） to assess the beliefs about necessity and concerns with taking immunosuppressive medication.Results： One-hundred-forty-five liver transplant recipients were non-adherent（59.67%）. Compared to adherers, non-adherers had lower beliefs regarding the necessity of taking immunosuppressive medication and lower scores on the necessity-concerns different from adherers.Conclusions： Non-adherence is common in liver transplant recipients. Non-adherers hold beliefs that are different from adherers. Efforts to increase adherence should be made by targeting medication beliefs.

机器人使用与创业选择

以人工智能、机器人为代表的自动化技术进步,对劳动力市场结构影响持续深化,不仅表现在传统受雇工作形态,还表现在企业创业选择和决策方面。文章基于国家层面自动化程度不断加深的背景,使用2011—2017年全球创业观察(GEM)创业活动数据和国际机器人联合会(IFR)国家层面机器人数据,研究机器人使用对创业活动的影响及可能机制。研究结果表明,机器人使用对创业活动具有显著促进作用。按照创业动机划分机会型创业活动和生存型创业活动发现,机器人使用增加显著促进了机会型创业活动。该结论在控制内生性和考虑不同衡量指标下依然稳健。文章进一步从市场进入障碍、人力资本效应两个维度考察机器人使用对创业活动的影响机制。机制分析发现,机器人使用通过简化企业生产程序,降低企业市场进入障碍,提高人力资本水平进而促进企业创业活动实现。异质性分析表明,机器人使用对创业活动促进作用在OECD国家幅度更大,机器人使用显著增加了中年群体、女性群体以及中低受教育水平群体机会型创业活动概率,机器人使用有利于缩小不同群体间的创业差距。文章研究为促进我国机器人应用深化以及机会型创业活动实现提供了一定的参考意义。