Construction of a model of autologous blood intracerebral hemorrhage in rats with a double injection and double needle withdrawal and the characteristics of the operative technique

BACKGROUND ： Experimental animal models of intracerebral hemorrhag （ICH） are greatly needed, so the process of establishment should be ideal in hematoma formation and easy to operate. OBJECTIVE ： To construct model of ICH in rats with double injection of autologous blood taken from the cut tail cut and double withdrawal of the needle （shortened as two-step injection model）, and compare with those induced by single and double injections. DESIGN ： A randomized controlled tria SETTING： Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS： Thirty male Wistar rats of 10 to 12 months, weighing （400±25） g, provided by the Experimental Center of Medical Animals, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, were divided randomly into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group： two-step injection group, single injection group, double injection group. METHODS ： The experiment was carried out in the Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from March to June in 2004. Autologous blood ICH model in rats were established as follows： In the two-step injection group, 50 μL unclotted autologous blood was taken from the rat tail cut, then injected with microsyringe into the caudate nucleus, 10 μL injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, and then the rest 40 μL injected slowly and continuously within 2 minutes. After the injection, the needle was kept immovable for about 4 minutes, withdrawn 2.0 mm, again kept immovable for about 4 minute, and then removed wholly at a slow speed. In the single injection group, 50 μL unclotted tail blood was injected slowly and continuously all within 2 minutes and the needle was slowly removed;（4） In the double injection group, 10 mL blood was injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, the rest 40 μL injected evenly within 2 minutes, and then the needle was withdrawn slowly and uninterruptedly. Neurologic findings were scored in accordance with Longa＇s five-point scale （0-4 scores, the higher the score, the severer the neurological dysfunction）. The rats were killed to remove and sections were prepared, the morphological features of hematomas were grossly observed, the maximal diameter and size of hematomas in each slice were measured with the imaging analytical system, and the volume was calculated. Meanwhile, the conveniences of the techniques were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The morphological features and volume of hematomas, neurologic deficit score （NDS）, and the convenience of the techniques were compared. RESULTS： All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. （1） Results of the morphological observation of volume of hematoma： In the two-step injection group, hematomas located in the right caudate nucleus area regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice. The formation rate of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were lower than those in the two-step injection group [60% （6/10）, 80% （8/10）, 100% （10/10）, P〈 0.01, 0.05]. The volume of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than those in the two-step injection group [（28.5±14.8）, （33.4±7.4）, （41.6±3.9） mm3, P〈 0.01, 0.05]. （2） NDS results： The NDS scores in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than that in the two-step injection group （0.90±0.83, 1.30±0.78, 1.90±0.57, P〈 0.05）. （3）Comparison of the convenience of the techniques： The double injection method allowed generating reproducible hematomas in rats with shortcomings that it needed autologous arterial blood from femoral artery, and precision instruments such as microinfusion pump. The two-step injection injected fresh unclotting blood taken directly from the tail cut with microsyringe into the rat brain, and it has the advantages of easy operation, no influence on the activity of thrombase, shorter duration for model establishment, and higher rate of hematoma formation, which could generate ideal and economical models of ICH. The two-step injection induced hemotoma regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice, but those induced by single and double injections were mostly in strip or fusiform shapes and extending along the needle tracks or into the ventricle or subarachnoid space. CONCLUSION ： The autologous blood ICH model induced by the two-step injection method is a reproducible and reliable one in regular shape, which is better than those induced by double and single injections.

INTRODUCTION TO PROF. YANG YUN-KUAN'S THE NEEDLING TECHNIQUE OF MIND REGULATION AND TAOISM CONCENTRATION

The combination of needling technique of Mind Regulation with Taoism Concentration is to promote the propagated sensation along the channels （PSC） and the needling sensation to the affected area in order to activate the potential regulation of human body. Prof. Yang Yun-kuan used this combination to treat some pain diseases, nervous system＇s diseases and intractable chronic diseases and got a better result than the general techniques, This is the introduction to the manipulation of this technique and its clinical application.

AN OBSERVATION OF THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF WARMING NEEDLING TECHNIQUE ON JIAJI POINTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EEG-α WAVE IN PATIENTS

Objective To discuss the therapeutic effect and mechanism of warming needling technique for the treatment of depression. Methods A total of 60 patients with depression were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 30 cases each. The treatment group was treated with warming needle technique on the Jiaji points of the heart, lung, liver, spleen and kidney, control group with Amitriptyline, HAMD scale and the qualitative change of EEG-α wave were observed before and after the treatment. Results The total effective rate of treatment group was 100%, much better than that of the control group with 80% (P<0.05); the HAMD scale of treatment group was better than that of control group (P<0.05); the comparison of the improvement of somatic symptoms between treatment group and control group was significant (P<0.05); the comparison of frequency and amplitude of EEG-α wave was significant (P<0.05), there was no toxic and side effect in the treatment group. Conclusion Warming needling technique for depression has better effect than Amitriptyline, and there was no toxic and side effect in the treatment group. Warming needle technique can effectively regulate the frequency and amplitude EEG-α wave, and acts to improve depressive condition.

Observation of therapeutic effect on primary trigeminal neuralgia treated with contralateral needling technique (Ju Ci)

Objective To observe the differences in therapeutic effects on primary trigeminat neuralgia between contralateral needling technique and routine acupuncture. Methods One hundred and thirty cases were randomly divided into contralateral needling group and routine acupuncture group, 65 cases in each one. In contralateral needling group, contralateral needling technique was adopted on the acupoints on the opposite side corresponding to the affected face in neuralgia. According to the localization of trigeminal neuralgia, the points were selected. For example, for ophthalmologic branch, Yuyao （鱼腰 EX- HN 4） and Touwei （头维 ST 8） were selected as the main point. In routine acupuncture group, the corresponding acupoints were selected on the affected side of the face. The points were same as that in contralateral needling group, Three courses of treatment were required in two groups. The clinical efficacy was evaluated 4 weeks after the end of treatment. Results The total effective rate was 95.4% （62/65） in contralateral needling group, which was superior to that in routine acupuncture group E86.2% （56/65）1 （P〈0. 001）. Conclusion Contralateral needling technique achieves apparently superior effects on primary trigeminal neuralgia compared with routine acupuncture.

Therapeutic observation of 'warming-unblocking needling technique'for knee osteoarthritis due to deficiency of liver and kidney

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy between'warming-unblocking needling technique7 and reinforcing method by twirling in treating knee osteoarthritis(KOA)due to deficiency of liver and kidney.Methods:A total of 72 patients with KOA were divided into a warming-unblocking group and a reinforcing group by complete randomized method,with 36 cases in each group.Xuehai(SP 10),Heding(EX-LE 2),Liangqiu(ST 34);Neixiyan(EX-LE 4),Xizhong(Extra),Dubi(ST 35),Yinlingquan(SP 9),Zusanli(ST 36)and Yanglingquan(GB 34)were the main points in both groups.Taichong(LR 3),Taixi(Kl 3)and Sanyinjiao(SP 6)were the combined points.'Warming-unblocking needling technique'was applied in the warming-unblocking group,and reinforcing method by twirling was applied in the reinforcing group.The treatments were performed once a day,10 times as a treatment course,at a 2-day interval between two courses,for 3 courses in total.The scores of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index(WOMAC)in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment,and the clinical efficacy was compared.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 94.3%in the warming-unblocking group and 87.9%in the reinforcing group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The component scores of pain,stiffness and daily activities in WOMAC and total WOMAC scores in both groups decreased after treatment(all P<0.01).The component and total WOMAC scores in the warming-unblocking group were lower than those in the reinforcing group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:'Warming-unblocking needling technique' has significant efficacy than reinforcing method by twirling in treating KOA due to deficiency of liver and kidney.It can significantly improve pain,stiffness and daily functional activities of patients.

Summary of the theoretical foundation and clinical application of Prof.Zheng Kui-shan's ‘warming-dredging needling technique'

＇Warming-dredging needling technique＇ is one of the specific needling techniques created by Prof. Zheng Kui-shan for treating intractable and difficult diseases. Developed from ＇Shao Shah Huo （Mountain-burning Fire）＇ and ＇warming- reinforcing method＇, this method displays the effects of ＇warming＂ ＇dredging＇ and ＇reinforcing＇. The ＇scapula-penetrating heat＇ and ＇eye-transmitting heat＇ belong to the representative needling techniques of ＇warming-dredging needling technique＇. In order to promote the clinical application of ＇warming-dredging needling technique＂ its theoretical foundation and clinical experience are summarized.

Essence of Needling Technique on Certain Points by Prof.SHI Xue-min

Prof. SHI Xue-min is the first one who proposes the theory of quantitative needling manipulation. This theory requires corresponding quantitative marker of each point. In order to meet this quantitative requirement, he set up strict and rigorous needling methods for each point. Part of his experience in this regard is introduced in this article.

Collateral-pricking and blood-letting cupping combined with electroacupuncture for post-herpetic neuralgia

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of collateral-pricking and blood-letting cupping combined with surrounding needling technique electroacupuncture in the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia(PHN).Methods:Seventy-two patients with post-herpetic neuralgia were randomized into observation group and control group.Of the 72 cases,12 cases fell off,so finally 30 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with collateral-pricking and blood-letting cupping combined with surrounding needling technique electroacupuncture,while the control group was treated simply with pregabalin capsules for 20 consecutive days.On the basis of the western medication pregabalin capsules,the same as that of the control group,collateral-pricking and blood-letting cupping combined with electroacupuncture in a surrounding needling technique,was adopted for the observation group,once every two days,ten days as one course of treatment,a total of two courses.The immediate visual analogue scale(VAS)before and after treatment were observed in the two groups,and their clinical effects were compared.Results:The VAS scores of PHN patients in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment(both P<0.01),and the scores of observation group were lower than those of control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the observation group was 86.7%,higher than 73.3% of the control group.Conclusion:The clinical effect of collateral-pricking and blood-letting cupping combined with electroacupuncture is relatively satisfactory in the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia.