With the growing popularity of intercultural communication, business English Negotiation between China and the United States has also increased. Negotiators will meet many communication barriers of language and cultur...With the growing popularity of intercultural communication, business English Negotiation between China and the United States has also increased. Negotiators will meet many communication barriers of language and culture during the process.If handled improperly, it will affect the outcome of the negotiations and the following cooperation. Thus, a profound understanding of the characteristics of business English negotiations and cultural barriers is indispensible.For different obstacles, summing up the appropriate negotiation strategies can be twice the result with half the effort, which will actively promote business English communication and negotiation.展开更多
A new multi-agent automated negotiation model is developed and evaluated, in which two competitive agents, such as the buyer and seller, have firm deadlines and incomplete information about each other. The negotiation...A new multi-agent automated negotiation model is developed and evaluated, in which two competitive agents, such as the buyer and seller, have firm deadlines and incomplete information about each other. The negotiation is multi-dimensional in different cases. The model is discussed in 6 kinds of cases with different price strategies, warrantee strategies and time strategies. The model improves the model of Wooldridge and that of Sycara to a certain extent. In all possible situations, the optimal negotiation strategy is analyzed and presented, and an e-commerce model based on multi-agent automated negotiation model is also illustrated for the e-commerce application in the future.展开更多
The“Letagonins”:a concept socially constructed to designate the“beating”women of Ivorian society,evokes those who have as their leitmotif,a self-realization through work.The purpose lies in their ability to free t...The“Letagonins”:a concept socially constructed to designate the“beating”women of Ivorian society,evokes those who have as their leitmotif,a self-realization through work.The purpose lies in their ability to free themselves from male domination.This concept means in one of the local Ivorian languages,notably the Gouro1:female boy.These women of Gouro ethnicity show a deep passion for the marketing of food products in Abidjan.However,behind this passion for food is their commitment to funeral expenses;a cultural activity customary lying with agnatic parentage.The transgression of custom by the latter under the prism of their social repositioning is the symbolic manifestation of the destandardization of the traditional relationship between man and woman in the organization of funerals in Gouro country,in the central West Ivorian.Understanding this relational reconfiguration has fuelled our passion as a researcher.In fact,ethnography has been mobilized as a method of observing the funeral practices of these women.In this regard,the study traces the strategies for negotiating access to the land as well as those used to negotiate access to information.展开更多
Automated trust negotiation （ATN） offers an at- tractive means for trust establishments, which establishes mu- tual trust among strangers wishing to share resources or con- duct business, but it comes at the cost of...Automated trust negotiation （ATN） offers an at- tractive means for trust establishments, which establishes mu- tual trust among strangers wishing to share resources or con- duct business, but it comes at the cost of non-trivial computa- tion and communication overheads. The deployment of ATN strategies on a resource-constrained mobile device may lead to user-obstructive latency for operations. In this paper, we propose a trust negotiation strategy called trust target Petri nets negotiation strategy （TPNNS）. It highly reduces the ne- gotiation latency in the mobile device compared with other negotiation strategies, since it considers all the alternative re- sponses at each step and chooses the best one. TPNNS sup- ports cycle avoidance and employs skipped TPN which is a new approach presented in this paper. What is more, it is complete and ensures no irrelevant credentials are disclosed during the trust negotiation.展开更多
文摘With the growing popularity of intercultural communication, business English Negotiation between China and the United States has also increased. Negotiators will meet many communication barriers of language and culture during the process.If handled improperly, it will affect the outcome of the negotiations and the following cooperation. Thus, a profound understanding of the characteristics of business English negotiations and cultural barriers is indispensible.For different obstacles, summing up the appropriate negotiation strategies can be twice the result with half the effort, which will actively promote business English communication and negotiation.
文摘A new multi-agent automated negotiation model is developed and evaluated, in which two competitive agents, such as the buyer and seller, have firm deadlines and incomplete information about each other. The negotiation is multi-dimensional in different cases. The model is discussed in 6 kinds of cases with different price strategies, warrantee strategies and time strategies. The model improves the model of Wooldridge and that of Sycara to a certain extent. In all possible situations, the optimal negotiation strategy is analyzed and presented, and an e-commerce model based on multi-agent automated negotiation model is also illustrated for the e-commerce application in the future.
文摘The“Letagonins”:a concept socially constructed to designate the“beating”women of Ivorian society,evokes those who have as their leitmotif,a self-realization through work.The purpose lies in their ability to free themselves from male domination.This concept means in one of the local Ivorian languages,notably the Gouro1:female boy.These women of Gouro ethnicity show a deep passion for the marketing of food products in Abidjan.However,behind this passion for food is their commitment to funeral expenses;a cultural activity customary lying with agnatic parentage.The transgression of custom by the latter under the prism of their social repositioning is the symbolic manifestation of the destandardization of the traditional relationship between man and woman in the organization of funerals in Gouro country,in the central West Ivorian.Understanding this relational reconfiguration has fuelled our passion as a researcher.In fact,ethnography has been mobilized as a method of observing the funeral practices of these women.In this regard,the study traces the strategies for negotiating access to the land as well as those used to negotiate access to information.
文摘Automated trust negotiation （ATN） offers an at- tractive means for trust establishments, which establishes mu- tual trust among strangers wishing to share resources or con- duct business, but it comes at the cost of non-trivial computa- tion and communication overheads. The deployment of ATN strategies on a resource-constrained mobile device may lead to user-obstructive latency for operations. In this paper, we propose a trust negotiation strategy called trust target Petri nets negotiation strategy （TPNNS）. It highly reduces the ne- gotiation latency in the mobile device compared with other negotiation strategies, since it considers all the alternative re- sponses at each step and chooses the best one. TPNNS sup- ports cycle avoidance and employs skipped TPN which is a new approach presented in this paper. What is more, it is complete and ensures no irrelevant credentials are disclosed during the trust negotiation.
