Construction of Molecular Biology and Experiment Case Library for Graduate Students

Molecular Biology and Experiment is considered fundamental for graduate students specializing in aquaculture at Guangdong Ocean University.This discipline focuses on the examination of the structure and function of macromolecules,including proteins and nucleic acids.Moreover,it elucidates biological phenomena and principles at the molecular level,making it an essential foundational course for students pursuing various biology majors.As a foundational course for the basic application of aquaculture,Molecular Biology and Experiment requires guidance through numerous examples and cases.However,there are several challenges to address in developing the case library.Consequently,a case library has been established to meet the course requirements of Molecular Biology and Experiment for modern graduate students,with the central goal of reforming the educational model of higher education institutions and enhancing the effectiveness and quality of talent development.This strategy is designed to nurture highly skilled professionals who can address the current needs of the industry.

New food sources and production systems:a comparison of international regulations and China’s advancements in novel foods with synthetic biology

The global shift towards sustainable food systems has sparked innovations in food sources and production systems,including cell-based meat,plant-based food products,precision fermentation,and 3D food printing.These advancements pose regulatory challenges and opportunities,with China emerging as a critical player in adopting and regulating new food technologies.This review explores the international landscape of new food sources and production systems(NFPS),focusing on China’s role and regulatory approaches compared to global practices.Through this comparative analysis,we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on food safety regulation,offering insights and recommendations for policymakers,industry stakeholders,and researchers engaged in the global food system’s evolution.This comprehensive overview underscores the dynamic nature of regulatory frameworks governing NFPS,highlighting the international efforts to ensure food safety,consumer protection,and the sustainable evolution of the food industry.

Recent research progress from biological perspective on the mechanism of formation of osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury

The anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)mainly plays a role in stabilizing the knee joint by limiting the forward translation of tibial force and rotational force at the tibial joint,and if this ligament is damaged,it will cause joint pain,limited mobility,knee instability,etc.According to related studies,the incidence of traumatic osteoarthritis(PTOA)after ACL injury is as high as 87%,although many studies have shown that patients with ACL injury are susceptible to PTOA,but the exact mechanism is currently unknown.This may be related to biological,structural,and mechanical factors caused by the ligament injury.Previous studies have shown that elevated inflammatory mediators in the joint cavity following ACL injury can lead to chondrocytes necrosis and degradation of the cartilage matrix.These potential biochemical mediators contribute to PTOA formation,and early intervention can reduce future episodes of PTOA.In recent years,many scholars have devoted themselves to studying the potential important factors and signaling pathways involved in the formation of osteoarthritis after ACL injury,and exploring its molecular mechanism,which has led to great progress in this field.This paper mainly studies and discusses the mechanism of osteoarthritis formation after ACL injury from the biological perspective.

Exploration on Teaching Reform of Synthetic Biology Course Based on the New Engineering Concept

Synthetic biology is a new frontier of life science,which aims to design,transform and even synthesize organisms with engineering design concept.Doing a good job in the teaching of"synthetic biology"is of great significance to the cultivation and reserve of biotechnology professionals in China,and also has an important impact on students' employment competitiveness.Under the background of"new engineering",the course reform of"synthetic biology"was carried out in terms of the construction of teaching staff,teaching methods,students' participation and the innovation of course content,and specific reform suggestions were put forward,hoping to effectively promote the sustainable development of"synthetic biology"and effectively improve the quality of education.

新加坡生物学主流教材习题的特征探析及启示--以《Biology Matters》为例

以新加坡Biology Matters生物学教材习题为研究对象,分析得出其具有“绘图作答,提高学生形象思维能力”,“情境多样,注重学生对现象的解释”,“联系生活,强调知识解决实际问题”,“探讨伦理,引导学生承担社会责任”“分层设问,培养学生思维的逻辑性”等特征,希望对我国生物学测评试题的命制具有一定的启示意义。

Current dichotomy between traditional molecular biological and omic research in cancer biology and pharmacology

There is currently a split within the cancer research community between traditional molecular biological hypothesis-driven and the more recent "omic" forms or research. While the molecular biological approach employs the tried and true single alteration-single response formulations of experimentation,the omic employs broad-based assay or sample collection approaches that generate large volumes of data. How to integrate the benefits of these two approaches in an efficient and productive fashion remains an outstanding issue. Ideally,one would merge the understandability,exactness,simplicity,and testability of the molecular biological approach,with the larger amounts of data,simultaneous consideration of multiple alterations,consideration of genes both of known interest along with the novel,cross-sample comparisons among cell lines and patient samples,and consideration of directed questions while simultaneously gaining exposure to the novel provided by the omic approach. While at the current time integration of the two disciplines remains problematic,attempts to do so are ongoing,and will be necessary for the understanding of the large cell line screens including the Developmental Therapeutics Program's NCI-60,the Broad Institute's Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia,and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute's Cancer Genome Project,as well as the the Cancer Genome Atlas clinical samples project. Going forward there is significant benefit to be had from the integration of the molecular biological and the omic forms or research,with the desired goal being improved translational understanding and application.

Current advances of biocontainment strategy in synthetic biology

Synthetic biotechnology has led to the widespread application of genetically modified organisms(GMOs)in biochemistry, bioenergy, and therapy. However, the uncontrolled spread of GMOs may lead to genetic contamination by horizontal gene transfer, resulting in unpredictable biosafety risks. To deal with these challenges, many effective methods have been developed for biocontainment. In this article, we summarize and discuss recent advances in biocontainment strategies from three aspects: DNA replication, transcriptional regulation, and protein translation. We also briefly introduce the efforts in the biocontainment convention, such as the recent publication of the Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for the Code of Conduct for Scientists.

Network biology:A promising approach for drug target identification against neurodevelopmental disorders

Biological entities are involved in complicated and complex connections;hence,discovering biological information using network biology ideas is critical.In the past few years,network biology has emerged as an integrative and systems-level approach for understanding and interpreting these complex interactions.Biological network analysis is one method for reducing enormous data sets to clinically useful knowledge for disease diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment.The network of biological entities can help us predict drug targets for several diseases.The drug targets identified through the systems biology approach help in targeting the essential biological pathways that contribute to the progression and development of the disease.The novel strategical approach of system biologyassisted pharmacology coupled with computer-aided drug discovery(CADD)can help drugs fight multifactorial diseases efficiently.In the present review,we have summarized the role and application of network biology for not only unfolding the mechanism of complex neurodevelopmental disorders but also identifying important drug targets for diseases like ADHD,Autism,Epilepsy,and Intellectual Disability.Systems biology has emerged as a promising approach to identifying drug targets and aiming for targeted drug discovery for the precise treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Pollination Biology of the Endangered Herbal Medicines Dendrobium chrysotoxum(Orchidaceae)

Pollination biology studies of the endangered herbal medicines Dendrobium chrysotoxum were conducted in natural pollination conditions using flower observation,pollinator observation and artificial pollination experiments.Populations of D.chrysotoxum with fragrance and nectar were pollinated by Ctenoplectra davidi Valhalla(Hymenoptera:Apidae)species.The floral structure of D.chrysotoxum adapted precisely to its pollinators.Flowers had a low capsule setting(0.17%)under natural conditions.However,compared to open pollination,artificial pollination experiments showed a significant increase in capsule setting,and D.chrysotoxum was cross-compatible and self-compatible,but there was pollinator limitation also.This study will provide important information for the preservation of this endangered species.

Advances in Basic Theory Research of Mongolian Medicine and Prospects of Its Combination with Systems Biology Research

This paper sorted out the relevant literature on the basic theory of Mongolian medicine,explored the research methods and ideas of the basic theory of Mongolian medicine,and elaborated the idea of combining systems biology to study part of the basic theory of Mongolian medicine.Through searching classic works and research papers in academic journals,this paper sorted out and summarized the research progress of the basic theory of Mongolian medicine and the existing problems in the current research,analyzed its characteristics,combined with systems biology methods to systematically explain some content in the basic theory,reveal its scientific connotation,and provide a basis for further research.

Application of Molecular Biology Technology in Identification of Modern Mongolian Medicine

The application of molecular biology technology in the identification and quality control of Mongolian medicine is increasing gradually,and it provides a new method for identifying fake and inferior products and confused products of Mongolian medicine.In this paper,the application and prospect of molecular biology technology(such as DNA barcoding and PCR molecular identification technique)in the identification of crude Mongolian medicine were reviewed.

Discussion on the Infiltration of Experiential Career Education Concept in Biology Teaching in Senior High Schools

Based on the implementation of the new college entrance examination reform policy and the demand of related policies,the choice of subjects for high school students has shifted from the traditional relatively single model of arts and sciences division to the"3+3"model,and the topic of"how to infiltrate the concept of career education in the teaching process of senior high schools"has become increasingly important.However,at present,the implementation of career education in senior high schools is frequently limited,mainly in the form of class meetings,which instills the concept of career education to students.Therefore,the implementation effect is often not satisfactory.Therefore,experiential learning,a novel and efficient learning method,has entered public's view.Based on relevant research literature at home and abroad,we started with the importance and urgency of implementing career education in high schools,and generally reviewed the research status and future development trends of experiential career education both domestically and internationally.The practical and theoretical significance of the research were explained,and relevant concepts were summarized.Finally,strategic suggestions were proposed for integrating experiential career education concepts into biology teaching in ordinary high schools in China.

Reform and Exploration of Integrating"Service Learning"into the Teaching of Pathogenic Biology of Aquatic Animals to Help Rural Revitalization

This paper intends to combine the development trend of the subject,restructure and optimize the course content,and construct the service learning model of Pathogenic Biology of Aquatic Animals for postgraduates.At the same time,through service practice,it is needed to further consolidate curriculum knowledge and skills,stimulate the learning initiative and enthusiasm of postgraduates,expand professional knowledge,improve professional quality,and lay a solid foundation for serving the national rural revitalization strategy in the future.

Computational biology in topical bioactive peptide discovery for cosmeceutical application:a concise review

Regenerative medicine and anti-aging research have made great strides at the molecular and cellular levels in dermatology and the medical aesthetic field,targeting potential treatments with skin therapeutic and intervention pathways,which make it possible to develop effective skin regeneration and repair ingredients.With the rapid development of computational biology,bioinformatics as well as artificial intelligence(A.I.),the development of new ingredients for regenerative medicine has been greatly accelerated,and the success rate has been improved.Some application cases have appeared in topical skin regeneration and repair scenarios.This review will briefly introduce the application of bioactive peptides in skin repair and anti-aging as emerging ingredients in cosmeceutics and emphasize how A.I.based computational biology technology may accelerate the development of innovative peptide molecules and ultimately translate them into potential skin regenerative and anti-aging scenarios.Typically,two research routines have been summarized and current limitations as well as directions were discussed for border applications in future research.

基于产业视角的合成生物学发展态势研究

近年来,受技术突破、政策支持、产业和资本跟进等因素驱动,合成生物学迅速从实验室走向市场,迎来产业化发展的关键时期。本文梳理了2020年以来国内外相关战略规划、政策法规、市场动态、商业合作和金融投资等信息,从产业视角对合成生物学发展态势进行分析。政府方面,合成生物学成为各国生物经济战略中的关键引擎,应用于医药、化工、材料、农业、食品等关联行业的技术路线和规划目标进一步清晰,支持新技术新产品商业化的监管机制不断优化,技术管控和科技安全问题受到关注。市场方面,基于合成生物学的实用成果相继迎来商业化“里程碑”,合成生物企业与传统制造企业“双向奔赴”、协同合作日益紧密,市场投资保持信心并趋于商业理性,有利产业发展的健康生态正加快完善。为加快推动我国合成生物学产业发展,建议进一步研究制定关键领域技术路线,支持底层使能技术、产业核心关键技术与核心装备攻关,推动重点行业应用示范,增强先进生物制造设施、数据资源等能力建设,鼓励各方共建有利合成生物产业化发展的产业生态。

中药复方的现代基础研究进展述评

中药复方的现代基础研究是中药现代化发展的必经之路。本文从中药复杂作用模式解析研究策略与方法、中药直接靶点发现技术与应用、系统生物学驱动的中药复杂作用解析三个方面,对中药复方的现代基础研究进行综述,并对其未来发展进行展望。

紫杉醇生物合成机制研究进展

紫杉醇是目前已发现的最具抗癌活性的天然广谱抗癌药物之一,其生产方式主要依赖于从珍稀植物红豆杉中进行分离提取以及化学半合成,因其含量稀少,生产能力受到严重的限制。随着红豆杉基因组的全解析和合成生物学的迅速发展,通过合成生物技术,构建重组工程细胞合成紫杉醇及其关键前体成为解决当前供需不平衡和资源有限的有效方法。本文针对紫杉醇生物合成途径解析、红豆杉组学分析、底盘细胞构建、关键前体合成、紫杉醇合成途径关键酶的改造及催化机理解析等相关研究进展开展系统性的综述,尤其对近期发表的关于氧杂环丁烷环形成的相关突破性研究进行了详细介绍,并基于相关进展探讨当前紫杉醇合成生物学研究面临的关键酶催化效率低下、产物杂泛性严重、具体反应顺序未知等技术挑战及生物合成紫杉醇关键中间体的未来前景。助力加强对紫杉醇合成通路和催化过程的理解,进一步实现紫杉醇的绿色、高效生物合成。

生物化学与分子生物学实验混合式教学中课程思政设计与实践

在生物化学与分子生物学实验混合式教学中融入思政元素,运用德育的科学思维将线下面对面实验教学与线上优质网络实验教学资源有机融合,在“润物细无声”的专业知识的学习中融入精神层面的正确指引,实现以学生为中心,有利于学生实验技能和创新精神的培养。

黄芪建中汤干预胃溃疡的药理实验及分子生物学作用机制

目的:基于生物信息学分析黄芪建中汤治疗胃溃疡(GU)的作用机制,并结合动物实验进一步验证。方法:在中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、成分靶点预测数据库(Swiss Target Prediction)中收集黄芪建中汤的活性成分和作用靶点;利用基因数据库(GeneCards)、药物数据库(Drug Bank)等提取GU疾病靶点;在Cytoscape 3.7.2软件中获取黄芪建中汤防治GU的“活性成分-潜在治疗靶点”图,借助STRING和DAVID数据库依次获取蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络、基因本体(GO)和基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析;并通过分子对接和动物实验验证黄芪建中汤防治GU的可能机制。结果:黄芪建中汤治疗GU有131个潜在靶点,其中核心靶点为磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸3-激酶催化亚基α(PIK3CA)、蛋白激酶B1(AKT1)等,KEGG分析提示磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/AKT)等信号通路发挥着重要作用。分子对接提示核心靶点与核心成分对接良好。动物实验显示,与正常组比较,模型组溃疡指数增高、胃组织出现炎性浸润,白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达显著升高(P<0.01),胃组织PI3K、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-AKT)蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,给药组大鼠胃损伤明显减轻,IL-6、IL-β、TNF-α表达显著下调(P<0.01),PI3K、p-AKT蛋白表达显著上调(P<0.01)。结论:黄芪建中汤对GU的干预作用具有多途径、多靶点的特性,可能是通过激活PI3K/AKT信号通路来加速胃黏膜修复,并降低炎症而减轻胃损伤。

基于科研思维培养的细胞生物学实验教学改革

细胞生物学实验是生命科学、医学相关专业的重要实验课程。当前,课程存在内容陈旧、教学模式单一等问题,不利于学生批判精神和创新思维的培养。我们以培养学生科研思维为导向,从实验设计、教学过程、课程思政等方面进行教学改革,帮助学生掌握分析问题、设计实验、归纳总结的科研方法,树立团队协作、务实诚信的科研精神。