INTRODUCTIONThe main component of a traditional Chinese drug 'Pishuang'. arsenic trioxide (As2O3), has obviously selective anti-tumor effect on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in both in vitro and in vivo ...INTRODUCTIONThe main component of a traditional Chinese drug 'Pishuang'. arsenic trioxide (As2O3), has obviously selective anti-tumor effect on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in both in vitro and in vivo studies[1-5]. Due to limited effectiveness when any anti-carcinogen is used alone and obviously increased toxicity when the dose is raised, there is no exception for As2O3. Furthermore, combined chemotherapy contributes to improve therapeutic effectiveness, disperse toxicity and surmount drug-resistance,in which the combination of traditional Chinese and modern medicine has more advantages and characteristics. As a result,we made an experimental study on anti-tumor effect of As2O3in combination with cisplantin (PDD) or doxorubicin (ADM)on HCC. to investigate the possibility of AS2O3 in combination with PDD or ADM and nature of interaction between them,and to provide experimental basis for clinical application.展开更多
AIM To observe the effects of a chemically synthesized tetrose and a natural yeast mannan on experimental liver metastasis of mouse melanoma. METHODS After treated with 4mg tetrose (tetrose group) or 4mg mannan (ma...AIM To observe the effects of a chemically synthesized tetrose and a natural yeast mannan on experimental liver metastasis of mouse melanoma. METHODS After treated with 4mg tetrose (tetrose group) or 4mg mannan (mannan group) for 30 minutes at 37℃, 0 5ml 1×10 6 B16 MBK melanoma cells were injected into the spleen of mice. Fifty five days later, melanoma metastatic nodes on the surface of the liver and in other organs as well as mouse survival time were observed. RESULTS Of the 6 mice in control (B16 cell+PBS) group, 4 died naturally within 55 days, and 2 were killed on the 55th day. All of the 6 mice had metastases in livers, the total number of the melanoma nodes on each liver surface ranged from 2 to 30, with the largest one merging into the whole liver. One mouse had a neoplasm in the remnant site of injection, and 3 had metastases in lungs. In contrast, of the 6 mice in tetrose group, only one died on the 50th day after injection, with 3 metastases in the liver, the largest being 10mm in diameter, the other 5 mice survived until being dissected on the 55th day after injection and had no liver metastasis, but 3 of them had neoplasms in their remnant sites of injection. In mannan group, all of the 6 mice survived and no metastasis was seen except for 2 liver nodes in one mouse with the largest diameter of 1mm. Neither tetrose nor mannan group had metastasis out of the liver, and the weight of liver in the two groups was significantly lower than those in the control group. CONCLUSION Both tetrose and mannan had the effects of preventing melanoma cells from experimental metastasis to and out of the liver, and prolonging the survival time of the mouse.展开更多
Background:Chemotherapy for schistosomiasis has been around for 100 years.During the past century,great efforts have been made to develop new antischistosomal drugs from antimonials to nonantimonials,and some of these...Background:Chemotherapy for schistosomiasis has been around for 100 years.During the past century,great efforts have been made to develop new antischistosomal drugs from antimonials to nonantimonials,and some of these have been used extensively in clinical treatment.With the exception of a few drugs,such as oxamniquine and metrifonate,most of the antischistosomals developed in the pre-praziquantel period have variable limitations with respect to safety and efficacy.Although oxamniquine and metrifonate have been used for schistosomiasis control,they are only effective against Schistosoma mansoni and S.haematobium,respectively.Currently,praziquantel is the only drug used for treatment of all five species of human schistosomes.In this review,the pharmacological and immunological effects of praziquantel against S.japonicum are summarized and discussed.Main text:From the end of the 1970s until the 2000s,scientists have conducted a series of experimental studies on the effects of praziquantel against S.japonicum.These have included examining its unique pharmacological action on schistosomes,the characteristics in susceptibility of the different developmental stages of schistosomes to the drug,the relationship between plasma concentration of the drug and efficacy,the impact of host factors on cidal action of the drug,prevention and early treatment of schistosomal infection,as well as praziquantel-resistant schistosomiasis.Conclusion:The effects of praziquantel against S.japonicum,as elucidated by the experimental studies that are reviewed in this paper,may have some reference significance for the development of new antischistosomals.展开更多
Colon cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Although the host immune system has been shown to react against tumor cells, mainly through tumor infi ltrating lymphocytes and NK cells, tumo...Colon cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Although the host immune system has been shown to react against tumor cells, mainly through tumor infi ltrating lymphocytes and NK cells, tumor cells may utilize different ways to escape anti-tumor immune response. Tumor infi ltration of CD8+ and CD4+ (T-bet+) effector T cells has been attributed to a beneficial outcome, and the enhancement of T cell activation through T cell receptor stimulation and co-stimulatory signals provides promising strategies for immunotherapy of colon cancer. Growing evidence supports a role for the Fas/FasL system in tumor immunology, although the mechanisms and consequences of FasL activation in colon cancer are not completely understood. In animal models, depletion of regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25+ T cells) can enhance the anti-tumor immune response under certain conditions. Taken together, recent insights in the immune reaction against colon carcinoma have provided new approaches to immunotherapy, although much remains to be learned about the exact mechanisms.展开更多
基金Supported by the Youth Science Grant of Jiangshu Province,No.BQ98048.
文摘INTRODUCTIONThe main component of a traditional Chinese drug 'Pishuang'. arsenic trioxide (As2O3), has obviously selective anti-tumor effect on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in both in vitro and in vivo studies[1-5]. Due to limited effectiveness when any anti-carcinogen is used alone and obviously increased toxicity when the dose is raised, there is no exception for As2O3. Furthermore, combined chemotherapy contributes to improve therapeutic effectiveness, disperse toxicity and surmount drug-resistance,in which the combination of traditional Chinese and modern medicine has more advantages and characteristics. As a result,we made an experimental study on anti-tumor effect of As2O3in combination with cisplantin (PDD) or doxorubicin (ADM)on HCC. to investigate the possibility of AS2O3 in combination with PDD or ADM and nature of interaction between them,and to provide experimental basis for clinical application.
文摘AIM To observe the effects of a chemically synthesized tetrose and a natural yeast mannan on experimental liver metastasis of mouse melanoma. METHODS After treated with 4mg tetrose (tetrose group) or 4mg mannan (mannan group) for 30 minutes at 37℃, 0 5ml 1×10 6 B16 MBK melanoma cells were injected into the spleen of mice. Fifty five days later, melanoma metastatic nodes on the surface of the liver and in other organs as well as mouse survival time were observed. RESULTS Of the 6 mice in control (B16 cell+PBS) group, 4 died naturally within 55 days, and 2 were killed on the 55th day. All of the 6 mice had metastases in livers, the total number of the melanoma nodes on each liver surface ranged from 2 to 30, with the largest one merging into the whole liver. One mouse had a neoplasm in the remnant site of injection, and 3 had metastases in lungs. In contrast, of the 6 mice in tetrose group, only one died on the 50th day after injection, with 3 metastases in the liver, the largest being 10mm in diameter, the other 5 mice survived until being dissected on the 55th day after injection and had no liver metastasis, but 3 of them had neoplasms in their remnant sites of injection. In mannan group, all of the 6 mice survived and no metastasis was seen except for 2 liver nodes in one mouse with the largest diameter of 1mm. Neither tetrose nor mannan group had metastasis out of the liver, and the weight of liver in the two groups was significantly lower than those in the control group. CONCLUSION Both tetrose and mannan had the effects of preventing melanoma cells from experimental metastasis to and out of the liver, and prolonging the survival time of the mouse.
基金This work was supported by the China International S&T Cooperation(no:2014DFA31130).
文摘Background:Chemotherapy for schistosomiasis has been around for 100 years.During the past century,great efforts have been made to develop new antischistosomal drugs from antimonials to nonantimonials,and some of these have been used extensively in clinical treatment.With the exception of a few drugs,such as oxamniquine and metrifonate,most of the antischistosomals developed in the pre-praziquantel period have variable limitations with respect to safety and efficacy.Although oxamniquine and metrifonate have been used for schistosomiasis control,they are only effective against Schistosoma mansoni and S.haematobium,respectively.Currently,praziquantel is the only drug used for treatment of all five species of human schistosomes.In this review,the pharmacological and immunological effects of praziquantel against S.japonicum are summarized and discussed.Main text:From the end of the 1970s until the 2000s,scientists have conducted a series of experimental studies on the effects of praziquantel against S.japonicum.These have included examining its unique pharmacological action on schistosomes,the characteristics in susceptibility of the different developmental stages of schistosomes to the drug,the relationship between plasma concentration of the drug and efficacy,the impact of host factors on cidal action of the drug,prevention and early treatment of schistosomal infection,as well as praziquantel-resistant schistosomiasis.Conclusion:The effects of praziquantel against S.japonicum,as elucidated by the experimental studies that are reviewed in this paper,may have some reference significance for the development of new antischistosomals.
文摘Colon cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Although the host immune system has been shown to react against tumor cells, mainly through tumor infi ltrating lymphocytes and NK cells, tumor cells may utilize different ways to escape anti-tumor immune response. Tumor infi ltration of CD8+ and CD4+ (T-bet+) effector T cells has been attributed to a beneficial outcome, and the enhancement of T cell activation through T cell receptor stimulation and co-stimulatory signals provides promising strategies for immunotherapy of colon cancer. Growing evidence supports a role for the Fas/FasL system in tumor immunology, although the mechanisms and consequences of FasL activation in colon cancer are not completely understood. In animal models, depletion of regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25+ T cells) can enhance the anti-tumor immune response under certain conditions. Taken together, recent insights in the immune reaction against colon carcinoma have provided new approaches to immunotherapy, although much remains to be learned about the exact mechanisms.
